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History of the creation of Christmas tree decorations presentation. Presentation "the history of the appearance of New Year's toys"

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history of Christmas toys

How did Christmas tree decorations come about? In the distant past, all Christmas tree decorations were edible - waffle and sugar figures, nuts, fruits and vegetables, sweets.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared. Toys were also made from rags, straw and colored ribbons.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared In the 18th century, colorful paper flowers and angels appeared. They gilded nuts and cones, painted eggshells, and wove chains.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared At the beginning of the 20th century, Christmas trees were decorated with cotton toys and paper garlands. Cotton toys were made from twisted pressed cotton, which was wound onto skeletal frames in the shape of animals and people. The painted blanks were covered with starch paste with mica, which made them hard and slightly shiny.

How Christmas tree decorations arose By the middle of the 20th century, the range of Christmas tree decorations became very rich, although they were made from less effective materials than today. But a lot of imagination was invested in them. Various birds and animals were stamped from silver-plated cardboard.

How Christmas tree decorations arose In the second half of the 20th century, the first Christmas balls made of transparent or colored glass. Silver and gold dust were used to paint Christmas tree decorations. Each toy was made by hand.

How Christmas tree decorations came about The imagination of glassblowers knew no bounds: they made birds, Santa Clauses, bunches of grapes, as well as all sorts of little things - anyone could think of anything: jugs, pipes, in which you could even blow the whistle. Christmas tree decorations changed depending on fashion.

How Christmas tree decorations came about. Toys depicting technology were produced.

How did Christmas tree decorations appear in the form of vegetables and fruits?

How Christmas decorations appeared in the form of space satellites and astronauts

How did Christmas tree decorations in the form of Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden come about?

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

The history of the New Year's toy

This presentation is intended for students in grades 3-4. It shows in detail the process of making Christmas tree decorations, using many photographs....

New Year's toy "Ball" (step by step drawing)

Step-by-step drawing of the New Year's toy "Ball". Resource for art lessons and extracurricular activities. This resource can be used for individual, group and collective work....

In a presentation for older children preschool age"The History of New Year's Tree Decorations" contains material about the emergence and preservation in Russia of the tradition of creating Christmas tree decorations and decorating green beauties with them

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History of New Year's Christmas tree decorations History of New Year's tree decorations

New Year's beauty

The first Christmas trees appeared in Russia a long time ago, but they were not decorated, but began to do so a little later, repeating the European fashion. There were no Russian-made Christmas decorations at that time; they were ordered from Europe. Even then, Christmas tree decorations were clearly divided into decorations for the wealthy and for those who were poorer. Buying a glass toy for a resident of Russia at that time was the same as buying a car for a modern Russian today. Christmas balls were heavy, since they learned to make thin glass only at the beginning of the 20th century

What kind of toys used to decorate the Christmas tree? Glass Cardboard

Cotton Porcelain

The first glass toys in Russia began to be made in Klin before the First World War. There the craftsmen were blowing glass products for pharmacies and other needs. But during the war years, captured Germans taught them how to blow balls and beads. The Klin factory “Yolochka”, by the way, to this day remains the only factory in Russia that makes beads for Christmas trees.

In addition to glass, toys were made from cardboard. Toys glued together from two halves of convex tinted cardboard made wonderful toys.

There were also toys made of cotton wool wound onto a wire frame: this is how figures of children, angels, clowns, and sailors were decorated. Fake fruits made of papier-mâché and velvet were hung on the Christmas trees.

Christmas tree decorations reflected the history of our country. If it was wartime, then Christmas tree decorations were made like this - airplanes, various military vehicles. They even painted military battles on balloons.

When did it come Peaceful time, the toys immediately turned into magic fakirs, fairy-tale characters

In houses and Christmas trees In animals

To the stars To fruits and vegetables

And, of course, lots of colorful balloons!

Christmas tree of your fathers and mothers, grandfathers and grandmothers

Nowadays the Christmas tree is most often decorated with balls

And handmade toys

And now there are unusual Christmas trees made from balloons

Christmas tree growing from the ceiling

The Christmas tree is covered in lanterns

Christmas tree made from ties Christmas tree made from pencils

But the most beautiful Christmas tree is the one decorated with different toys!

Guys, love, store, appreciate and take care of toys! It’s so wonderful when we are all surrounded by BEAUTY!

Slide 1

Completed by an 11th grade student of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2 in Pechora, Maria Kaneva
History of Soviet New Year's toys.

Slide 2

A little from the history of the New Year in the USSR...
At the dawn of formation Soviet Union(in 1927) as part of an anti-religious campaign, the Bolsheviks banned the Christmas tree and Christmas tree decorations. “Only he who is a friend of the priests is ready to celebrate the Christmas tree.” (Propaganda slogan of the 1920s) “The guys are being deceived that Santa Claus brought them gifts. The religiosity of the children begins with the Christmas tree. The ruling exploiting classes also use the “cute” Christmas tree and the “kind” Santa Claus in order to make obedient and patient servants of capital out of the working people.” (“Materials for anti-religious propaganda during Christmas”, 1927)

Slide 3

New Year traditions returned only in 1935. From a letter from a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Pavel Postyshev, published by the newspaper Pravda on December 28, 1935: “In pre-revolutionary times, the bourgeoisie and officials of the bourgeoisie always arranged for New Year a Christmas tree for your children. The children of the workers looked through the window with envy at the Christmas tree sparkling with multi-colored lights and the children of the rich having fun around it. Why do our schools, orphanages, nurseries, children's clubs, palaces of pioneers deprive the working children of the Soviet country of this wonderful pleasure? Some, no less than “leftist” killers, denounced this children’s entertainment as a bourgeois undertaking. This wrongful condemnation of the Christmas tree, which is a wonderful entertainment for children, must come to an end. Let’s organize a fun New Year’s Eve for children, let’s arrange a good Soviet Christmas tree in all cities and collective farms.”

Slide 4

That same year in November, Stalin, at the first congress of Stakhanovites, said his famous phrase: “Life has become better, life has become more fun, comrades!” In general, the Christmas tree, which was so unexpectedly allowed, became confirmation happy life proletariat, joyful childhood, as well as school uniforms (girls began to wear white aprons and brown dresses to school, and boys - blue suits) and many other seemingly insignificant details.

Slide 5

Soviet New Year's toys.
In the 1930s and 1940s, New Year trees were decorated with homemade or handicraft toys purchased at the market. In schools and kindergartens, children learned to make New Year's decorations from cotton wool, cardboard, papier-mâché, cut out paper garlands, and assemble structures from tubes and bugles on wire.

Slide 6

Factory-made jewelry at that time was a luxury item and a great rarity, but their mass production was gradually being established. The Moskabel plant was one of the first to establish serial production of New Year's toys made of wire.

Slide 7

Using New Year's toys from the times of the USSR, you can literally study the history of our country. Children figurines, fairy tale characters, clowns, ballerinas, strange birds and animals, fruits and vegetables, of course, remained from pre-revolutionary times.
But the angels were replaced by bright symbols of the Soviet era: balls with a hammer and sickle, “ruby” stars, athletes and pioneers with red flags, Budenovites, Red Army soldiers, women in padded jackets and scarlet headscarves.

Slide 8

In addition to patriotic propaganda symbols, “classic stories” from school curriculum: Ivan Tsarevich, Mistress Copper Mountain, Ruslan and Lyudmila, Brother Rabbit and Brother Fox, Little Red Riding Hood, Puss in Boots, Crocodile with Totosha and Kokosha, Doctor Aibolit.

Slide 9

With the release of the film “The Circus” (in 1936), circus-themed figures became popular: clowns, tigers, trained dogs, other animals, illusionists, fakirs and entertainers.

Slide 10

The development of the North was marked by the appearance of figures of polar explorers.
A separate theme in the history of the Soviet New Year's toy is the theme of the war in Spain. In 1938, a glass ball was released containing two planes, one of which was diving the other.

Slide 11

The era of aeronautics also found its worthy reflection in Christmas tree decorations in the form of airships, airplanes, parachutes and parachutists with the inscription “USSR”.

Slide 12

During Soviet times, the “image” of the Soviet Father Frost was also developed. Our Father Frost began to resemble the bourgeois Santa Claus only with a gray beard, fur clothes and a red bag of gifts. Otherwise, the Soviet Father Frost does not look like a plump gnome, he is a tall, mature hero. Father Frost's fur coat, unlike Santa Claus's, goes down to his toes and is girded not with a belt, but with a sash. On his head, Santa Claus has a hat with an even edge without any tassels or pompoms. The hands are in huge mittens, and the feet are wearing either red boots or “patriotic” felt boots.
And Father Frost arrives not on reindeer, but on a Russian troika... And not alone, but with a charming young lady - Snegurochka, who has no analogues in any country.

Slide 13

During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), decorating the New Year tree was mandatory - it reminded the soldiers of peaceful life, gave strength and hope for a quick victory. At the same time, at the fronts, the Christmas trees were decorated with figurines made from shoulder straps, bandages, and socks. Factories also continued to produce New Year's toys, albeit in limited editions. “Military” Christmas trees were decorated with “soldiers”, “tanks”, “Stalin’s armored cars”, “pistols”, “orderly dogs”, and on New Year’s greeting cards During the Second World War, Santa Claus beat the Nazis...

In the 1960s, “cobs of corn” and “sheaves of wheat” were hung on Christmas trees.

Slide 17

Since nothing “monumental” has happened in the history of the Soviet Union since Brezhnev times, there are significantly fewer themed toys. New Year decoration gradually became more abstract. In addition, with the advent of fashion for minimalism and avant-garde, Christmas tree decorations have become simpler. The figures became more and more rounded, and the paintings became simpler.