Equipment for making garments. Characteristics of modern sewing equipment

The domestic clothing market is overflowing with products from Chinese, Turkish and Polish manufacturers. However, these products are not always characterized by acceptable quality: the parameters of the models do not correspond to figure standards, the size range differs from the generally accepted one, and the quality of tailoring leaves much to be desired. In this situation, buyers are increasingly paying attention to affordable and high-quality products made in local factories.

When drawing up a business plan for clothing production, you need to determine for which consumer the products will be intended. At the initial stage, an entrepreneur should definitely not compete with well-known world brands and focus on a wealthy audience spoiled by the attention of designers - it is better to give preference to the middle segment, in which for the buyer the quality of an item is much more important than the inscription on the tag.

Business Features

An entrepreneur who creates even a small production must understand that this area requires serious training and knowledge of the specifics of the industry. The reason is that many tailors who have successfully implemented the ideas of a sewing business at home or who have experience working in an atelier move to the next stage of development and open their own private factories. To compete with such workshops, you need to have not only organizational, but also creative abilities.

Another important factor is specialization: it is quite difficult to cover even three or four areas within a small enterprise. In addition, when producing heterogeneous products, productivity suffers greatly: seamstresses, forced to constantly switch between operations of different types, cannot concentrate on work and ensure the proper speed of technological processes. Therefore, before launching a workshop, you need to conduct a qualitative study and determine what is best to sew: a sewing business will be profitable only if you focus on the most popular types of products.

There are two main production models that an entrepreneur can successfully combine when developing a business concept. The first involves work to order: the company is approached by designers and companies that are developing a new product, but do not have the available capacity to manufacture it. In this case, products are released under a third-party brand, which eliminates the cost of promoting it and allows you not to think about sales channels.

When implementing the second model, the enterprise goes through a full cycle, starting with the development of new products and ending with their sale under its own brand. An entrepreneur who chooses this path must clearly understand the quantitative and qualitative composition of the target audience, to attract which it is necessary to regularly conduct marketing activities. In this case, the attention of potential buyers can be focused on the following factors:

• Quality. The owner evaluates the quality of the item based on many criteria, paying attention to the fabric, threads, accessories, fit, behavior during washing and ironing. It is believed that high-quality clothing should be beautiful, practical and reliable at the same time;
• Price policy. The price of a thing must correspond to its quality - no one will buy expensive consumer goods, but high-quality clothing cannot be cheap either. Unreasonable deviations from the market price most often cause doubts and suspicions among consumers;
• Demand. You shouldn’t get too carried away with the release of exclusive or elite designer models - people buy simple things much more often: a shirt, skirt, jeans or underwear.

Production technology

The process of organizing a clothing business must take place in accordance with generally accepted technology for industrial production of clothing, including the following stages of product creation:

1. Design. The fashion designer develops sketches of the future product, selects the type of fabric, accessories and colors;
2. Construction. Based on sketches, the designer develops drawings, determines the dimensions of parts, and then creates patterns and technical documentation;
3. Open it up. Next, the cutter gets to work. Using patterns, he transfers the details of the product onto the fabric and cuts them out using scissors or cutting units;
4. Sewing. Seamstresses finish the edges and then sew the pieces together according to the instructions. At this stage, two methods of labor distribution are used: in the first case, each master sews the product completely, from start to finish, while in the second, the seamstress performs one or two simple operations, and then passes the semi-finished product further along the conveyor;
5. Finishing. Operators of auxiliary mechanisms sew buttons, zippers, install rivets and complete the finishing of the product;
6. Package. A quality control employee checks the product for compliance with quality requirements, attaches tags to it, and then transfers the product to the warehouse.

Business registration

Entrepreneurs working from home usually do not pay attention to the issues of registering an enterprise and draw up business plans for sewing studios without taking into account tax payments. However, larger-scale production, which employs hired workers, must be legalized. This procedure consists of several simple steps:

1. Submitting an application in the prescribed form to the Federal Tax Service;
2. Registration with tax authorities;
3. Choosing an appropriate taxation system;
4. Registration in the Pension Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund;
5. Concluding agreements on the rental of industrial premises, pest control, garbage removal, recycling of fluorescent lamps and washing of work clothes;
6. Obtaining work permits from the SES and State Fire Inspectorate;
7. Manufacturing of company seals;
8. Opening a current account.

Businessmen registering a small workshop can choose one of the available forms of ownership - individual entrepreneur or LLC. Before you start a sewing business from scratch, you should study the differences between them and choose the most suitable option:

Comparative characteristics of forms of ownership

Form	IP	OOO
State duty	800 rub.	4000 rub.
Application for registration	form P21001	form 11001
Application for transition to the simplified tax system or UTII	+	+
Minutes of the meeting on the creation of the SPD	–	+
Copies of passports	+	+
SPD Charter	–	+
Owner's insurance premiums	+	–
Authorized fund	–	10,000 rub.
Number of owners	one owner	up to 50
Profit distribution	optional	dividends
Registration in funds	when hiring workers	Necessarily
Limits of owner's responsibility	personal property	LLC property

Workshop premises

When looking for a place to locate a workshop, entrepreneurs have to explore dozens of options: creating a sewing business involves using a well-lit, heated room with comfortable conditions for workers. Therefore, mini-factories are often opened on the basis of old administrative buildings, closed kindergartens and schools: the main requirement is the presence of a spacious hall for arranging the production area, as well as several smaller rooms - here you need to equip administrative offices, a bathroom, a dining room and a warehouse.

The location of the enterprise does not affect its status: preference should be given to suburbs, industrial zones and residential areas with low rent. Before organizing a sewing business, you must make sure that the production is accessible by transport - otherwise, the entrepreneur will have to buy or hire a bus for daily transportation of employees.

The business plan for a small sewing workshop with a monthly turnover of 1.7–2 million rubles should include the rental or purchase of premises that meet the following requirements:

Sufficient area. The area standards for each seamstress are 4–6 m² when producing products from light fabrics, and 7–8 m² when sewing outerwear. It is also necessary to allocate space for passages, install auxiliary equipment, and organize a workplace for the fashion designer and cutters. The final layout of the 210 m² room will include:

• Production area for ten seamstresses - 100 m²;
• Cutting area - 25 m²;
• Ironing space - 15 m²;
• Fashion designer's office - 15 m²;
• Office of the director and accountant - 13 m²;
• Rest and meal room - 20 m²;
• Warehouse - 20 m²;
• Bathroom - 2 m²;
• Electricity supply. The total power consumed by sewing equipment of a workshop of the specified sizes can reach 18 kW. In addition, some machines require connection to a three-phase line with a voltage of 380 V;
• Water supply. According to hygienic requirements, the room must be connected to water supply and sewerage lines;
• Lighting. Working with a sewing machine requires high precision operations and good coordination of movements. Therefore, the illumination at the desktop level should not be lower than 750 lux. For local illumination of the working area, LED or fluorescent lamps are additionally used;
• Microclimate. For this type of work, the room temperature in winter should be between 19–25°C with a maximum humidity of 75%. In summer, an increase to 27°C is allowed with a humidity of 55–60%. In any case, the air flow speed should not exceed 0.2–0.5 m/s.

sewing machines

When developing a business plan for a sewing workshop with calculations, an entrepreneur may be faced with a huge variety of existing types of equipment: each manufacturer has more than a dozen types of overlockers alone. To draw up the correct specification, you should select in advance the main profile of the enterprise: sewing leather jackets requires a slightly different set of machines than sewing bed linen.

Before opening a sewing business, you should also purchase various racks for fabric, threads and scraps, brackets for patterns and hangers for finished products, and arrange workplaces for a manager, accountant and fashion designer.

Sewing shop equipment

Name	price, rub.	Quantity, pcs.	Cost, rub.
Production
Straight stitch sewing machine	19800	6	118800
Knitting sewing machine	20300	3	60900
Hemming sewing machine	28500	1	28500
Overlock	33500	2	67000
Riveting machine	40700	1	40700
Loop machine	68600	1	68600
Button machine	40100	1	40100
Accessories for machines (needles, belts, presser feet)	–	–	5000
Sewing machine table	2800	10	28000
Overlock table	2800	2	5600
Interoperational conveyor	6200	8	49600
Table for additional equipment	3600	3	10800
Basket for finished products	2500	10	25000
Dummy	4700	2	9400
Ironing system	40600	1	40600
Steam generator	6500	1	6500
Clothes rack	2500	10	25000
Ironing press	15600	1	15600
Warehouse rack	3500	5	17500
Packing table	2500	1	2500
Ceiling lighting	1200	10	12000
Sewing machine light	1350	15	20250
Air conditioner	35000	1	35000
Cutting shop
Cutting table 1.8x4 m	34500	1	34500
Tailoring tools	–	–	5000
Bracket for patterns	8500	1	8500
Rotary knife	15600	1	15600
Fabric rack	3500	2	7000
Ceiling lighting	1200	6	7200
Fashion designer's workplace
PC or laptop	18000	1	18000
Printer for printing patterns	8000	1	8000
Dummy	4700	2	9400
Ceiling lighting	1200	4	4800
Table lamp	1500	1	1500
Work table	3500	1	3500
Chair	1100	2	2200
Stationery	–	–	1000
Office
Director's PC	18000	1	18000
Accountant's PC	18000	1	18000
MFP	10000	1	10000
Telephone set	1500	2	3000
Network router	2000	1	2000
Internet access line	1000	1	1000
Ceiling lighting	1200	4	4800
Table lamp	1500	2	3000
Air conditioner	16000	1	16000
Work table	3500	2	7000
Chair	1100	4	4400
Stationery	–	–	3000
Utility rooms
Ceiling lighting	1200	4	4800
Dining table for staff	2000	4	8000
Chair	900	16	14400
Bathroom set	15000	1	15000
Microwave	4500	1	4500
Electric kettle	1400	1	1400
Personal locker for clothes	3300	15	49500
Total:			1046950

Staff

Sewing production requires high team coordination: in the technological process there is a close relationship between workers, so a failure at any stage can lead to a sharp decrease in the productivity of the entire enterprise. Personnel must be selected very carefully, taking into account not only professional, but also personal qualities of employees - responsibility, commitment, diligence. The business plan for a small sewing enterprise involves hiring:

• A fashion designer who creates new products and patterns for them;
• A technologist who develops assembly maps and sequences of operations, as well as controls the process of their implementation;
• Cutters who cut out parts of fabric products according to patterns;
• Seamstresses with experience in handling different types of machines;
• Operators of overlock machines, button, rivet and buttonhole machines;
• Specialists working with ironing equipment;
• Administrative staff.

Thus, when developing a business plan for clothing production with calculations, the following staffing table should be included in its composition:

Workshop staffing table

Name	Rate, rub.	Qty	Amount, rub.
Technologist	30000	1	30000
Seamstress-motor operator	25000	10	250000
Auxiliary Equipment Operator	25000	2	50000
Cutter	28000	2	56000
Ironing shop worker	20000	1	20000
Fashion designer	30000	1	30000
Cleaning woman	15000	1	15000
Mechanic at ½ rate	10000	1	10000
Storekeeper	10000	1	10000
Accountant	20000	1	20000
Payroll tax	–	–	147300
Total:			638300

According to sanitary requirements, all employees who have direct contact with products must keep their medical records up to date, undergo regular preventive examinations and get vaccinated.

The piecework wage system for seamstresses deserves special attention. The amount of remuneration is calculated based on industry time standards: for example, 21 minutes are allocated for the production of a men's shirt. With an expected monthly salary of 25,000 rubles, the cost of a working minute is 2.37 rubles: thus, a seamstress receives 49.77 rubles for sewing one product. It should be noted that when determining the amount of remuneration, you cannot use the data given in the business plans of sewing studios for small businesses: in individual production, slightly different time standards are used, exceeding industrial ones by tens of times.

Standards for sewing products

Range

The clothing industry of the light industry includes hundreds of different areas: within the framework of a project, an entrepreneur can sew fur coats or produce children's rompers with equal success. The only condition is the specialization of the enterprise: for example, it is quite difficult to organize the simultaneous production of knitted T-shirts and winter down jackets. Before opening a sewing business from scratch, it is also advisable to take into account the needs of the regional market and the profile of competitors’ activities in order to highlight free niches and organize the production of the most popular goods.

When listing the most popular ideas for the sewing business, we should mention the production of such products as:

• Clothing and linen for babies and young children;
• Teenagers clothes;
• Clothes and underwear made of knitwear;
• Leather, fur and suede products;
• Business suits and clothing for special occasions;
• Wedding dresses and suits;
• Jackets, coats and other outerwear;
• Sports and dance costumes;
• Workwear;
• Curtains, bed linen, bedspreads, tablecloths and other interior textiles.

Raw material suppliers

Currently, there is no shortage of accessories, threads or fabrics on the market: even a small manufacturer can order a batch of raw materials from Europe or China. Some entrepreneurs personally visit Middle Eastern countries because the materials they need are produced only here. However, on the Russian market it is also easy to find suppliers offering the widest range of goods, including delivery and the ability to order via the Internet.

When choosing contractors, it is imperative to focus on the needs of the target audience: for example, European fabrics, although of excellent quality, are characterized by a high price, and therefore products made from them are bought mainly by wealthy clients. Consumers with average incomes prefer things made from materials produced in Russia or China: at a low cost, they are of quite acceptable quality.

Where to start a sewing business: after determining the main range of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish contacts with such suppliers and obtain a catalog of samples. Depending on the product range, a wide variety of fabrics are used in production: cotton, wool, viscose or polyester. In addition, when sewing many types of clothing, duplicating and lining materials are used - dublerin, non-woven fabric, twill. It should be remembered that natural linen, silk or woolen fabrics have the highest price, which directly affects the cost of the product, so it is worth working with them only if there is a guaranteed sale.

Sales of products

Entrepreneurs who start their own clothing business often underestimate the saturation of the market and assume that wholesalers and stores will immediately show interest in new products. However, most often the opposite happens: warehouses are filled with unclaimed products, costs rise, and the new enterprise is gradually approaching bankruptcy. To avoid this, you need to look for distribution channels and enter into agreements with partners at the initial stages of creating a business, simultaneously with searching for premises and selecting equipment.

In contrast to the methods given in the business plans of sewing studios with calculations, activities related to the promotion of industrial production should not be aimed at attracting the end consumer, but at increasing brand awareness. What can be used to stimulate sales:

• Advertising in specialized print media;
• Sponsorship participation in events of interest to the target audience;
• Production of POS materials intended for placement at points of sale;
• Direct contacts with wholesale resellers;
• Negotiations with owners of brick-and-mortar and online stores;
• Outdoor advertising on billboards and city lights.

It is advisable to create a corporate website for an enterprise, since it is much easier to promote a sewing business with its help: here you should place information about the assortment, wholesale and retail prices, terms of cooperation, and publish contact information for wholesale buyers. Some entrepreneurs go further and turn the site into a full-fledged online store that delivers not only to neighboring regions, but throughout the country.

Investments

It is quite difficult to develop a complete economic model of an enterprise: when carrying out calculations, a large number of variables are used - such as the percentage of defective raw materials and finished products, time standards and material consumption, average labor productivity and much more. The following sample business plan for a sewing production with calculations, compiled for a workshop producing the mentioned men's shirts, will help you roughly estimate the profitability.

Start-up costs

The indicated amount of 1.54 million rubles is not final: to launch the production line, you will also have to purchase materials, threads and accessories in order to provide the enterprise with raw materials for at least a month of operation. The volume of these reserves is calculated taking into account the range and estimated production capacity; in addition to their monthly replenishment, the entrepreneur will have to allocate a certain amount to pay rent and utility bills.

Current expenses

When calculating the material cost of products, industry-standard fabric and thread consumption standards are used, developed for all main types of products. Before starting a clothing business from scratch, it is advisable to study this data and evaluate the profitability of producing certain items of clothing.

Material consumption rates

Name	Fabric, m	Threads, m	Accessories, rub.	Amount, rub.
Straight skirt	0,8	100	90	166,6
Jacket with lining	1,5	150	120	885,0
Mens pants	1,3	270	80	216,3
Lined jacket	2,2	200	160	1279,8
Shirt	1,8	120	100	308,5
Knitted blouse	1,6	100	80	264,6
Long sleeve dress	2,2	150	120	316,9
Sleeveless dress	1,5	100	90	224,0

Revenues and profitability

In addition to the cost of materials, the price of the finished product also includes overhead costs and trade margins. The value of the latter is determined mainly by the sales method: in retail sales, the margin can reach 120–200%, while when working with wholesale buyers, the maximum value is 25–35%.

For example, the wholesale price for men's shirts of average quality made from Chinese fabrics reaches 540 rubles with a material cost of 308.5 rubles. Taking into account the standard time (21 minutes), the length of the shift (8 hours) and the number of working days in the month (22 days), we can calculate the monthly production volume for a team of ten seamstresses: in this case it will be 5030 products without taking into account defects.

Product cost calculation

The development of the economic part of a business plan for a clothing factory ends with the calculation of economic indicators - average profitability and payback period of the enterprise. It should be noted that the second value can be adjusted depending on the degree of production utilization and the speed of product sales: in practice, it takes 3–4 months to develop a customer base and reach the design capacity.

Video on the topic

Economic indicators of the workshop

Conclusion

Any idea for a clothing business should be based on the real needs of customers. To monitor the dynamics of demand and stay ahead of competitors, you need to constantly study fashion trends and the latest design developments, and then adjust the assortment, offering customers only the latest clothing models.

Modern highly mechanized sewing production has the following equipment.

Universal sewing machines (performing a number of technological operations). These include stitching, overcasting, overcasting, zigzag, hemming, basting, embroidery, and quilting machines.

The most common universal sewing machines are 97-A class OZLM machines with forced automatic lubrication; 97-B class OZLM with automatic cooling of the needle with an air-water mixture; 297th class OZLM for seaming products with simultaneous seating of the lower fabric and trimming the edge of the fabric parallel to the stitch line; 508 class of the Rostov Light Engineering Plant for sewing fabrics with a two- or three-thread chain stitch (edge ​​overcasting) with simultaneous trimming of the edge of the fabric.

Special sewing machines(performing one technological operation). These are button machines, fastening machines, for wrapping button legs, buttonhole machines, for stitching sleeves into armholes, for performing hemming work, and others that perform individual operations.

Thus, currently the 302nd class machine of the Podolsk Mechanical Plant named after. Kalinina for sewing sleeves into the armhole without a mark when making dresses with simultaneous seating of the outer fabric; semi-automatic machine of the 95th class for sewing buttons; semi-automatic machine 01179 from Minerva (Czechoslovakia) for sewing buttonholes on linen with a two-thread shuttle stitch; BSHN - sonic welding machine, designed for threadless joining of clothing parts made of fabrics and knitwear containing thermoplastic fibers, as well as for performing finishing stitches; semi-automatic machine 68-A class for printing numbers on paper coupons and sewing them to cut details; 96th class machine for making overstitched buttonholes on women's clothing (coats, suits); semi-automatic sewing machine of the 220th class for making fastenings on fabrics of coat and suit groups when sewing outerwear.

Equipment for wet-heat treatment. This equipment includes irons with a heating element in the form of a spiral, plate or tube weighing 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg, presses with manual, pedal, electromechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic drives. Steamers are also used.

Equipment for transporting cutting, sorting, cutting fabric. This equipment includes grading and measuring machines, spreading machines, stationary cutting machines, mobile cutting machines, and conveyors. A rejecting and measuring complex of machines such as RS-4B, RS-U with a capacity of 5.0-6.0 thousand m of fabric per shift, laying tables equipped with devices for cross-cutting fabric sheets, a semi-automatic PNK unit for laying fabric, etc. are successfully used.

Various presser feet, ruler-guides, edgers, etc. are used as small-scale mechanization devices when working on sewing machines. The purpose of the devices and their appearance is shown in Table 15.

To perform operations efficiently, sewing machines must be used in accordance with their technological purpose. Table 16 shows a list of sewing machines used in technological processes in the manufacture of women's and children's lightweight clothing from wool, silk, cotton fabrics and fabrics containing chemical fibers, as well as from non-woven and chemical materials.

Basic machine operations when processing dresses and the sewing machines used

Table 16.

Technological operations of the machine Machine class Processing method
Stitching (stitching) 97-A Stitching of single-line, equalized sections using a detaster stitch of a lockstitch lei cut from natural fabrics

Stitching (stitching) 597 Single-line stitch

lei made from natural fibers, rotation of tightening fabrics
as well as fabric parts, the needle is involved in its promotion
containing chemical waters, committing together with re-
movement horizontally

Stitching (stitching) 697 Single-line stitch man-
equalized by sections of the detailed stitch; for the prevention
lei from natural fabrics, rotation of tightening fabrics
and also those containing chemical stitching, a dif-
Chinese fibers renal conveyor

Stitching (tuning) 852 Double-line stitching of cel-details from natural and hink stitch; for pre-otmic tissues, contraction rotation, the needle is deflected along with the staff
Technological operations of the machine Processing method

Sewing machines specialized according to the type of work performed
Overcasting and cutting 51-A Two- or three-thread
cutting parts using a chain stitch

Execution of hems 85 Blind single-thread chain
work stitch

Sewing the sleeve into the armhole 302 The top is fitted
layer of fabric due to the top rail

Sewing the sleeve into the opening - 202 The top is being fitted
mu (for thin fabrics) of the layer of fabric due to the lower
rack and transport foot

Stitching (stitching) 297 Single-line shuttle
with simultaneous cutting by stitching; edge of fabric trim-
edge of the fabric and fits down parallel to the stitch line
her parts

Stitching (stitching) 797 Stitching of single-line man-
with simultaneous trimming and night stitching; overcasting
overcasting parts made of yarn - double-thread chain
fabrics containing natu-stitching
ral fibers_

Stitching (stitching) 1097 Stitching of single-line man-
with simultaneous trimming and night stitching; overcasting-
overcasting parts made of straight-chain double-thread stitch,
ral and artificial To prevent tightening
tissues
renal conveyor

Embroidery finishing of parts VM-50 Embroidering is done
sewing products with one-, two- or three-thread
single thread chain stitch

Semi-automatic sewing machines

Making straight buttonholes 25 A with a two-thread shuttle stitch for buttons with the formation of bartacks at the ends and cutting through the material after overcasting

Sewing flat buttons - 95 Single thread chain stitch -
vits with two and four edema with the number of injections Yuvkazh-
versions of the hole, the last two
pin prick

Making bartacks with 220-M Double-thread chain stitch
com (shuttle)

Lecture No. 1. Classification of sewing machines. The main working parts of a sewing machine. Sewing machine parts.

Sewing machines are very diverse in their appearance, design and kinematics. Depending on the nature of the weave of the threads in the line, they are divided into machines shuttle And chain weave.

The following groups of machines are distinguished by purpose:

– straight-line shuttle weave;

– straight-line single-thread chain weave;

– straight-line multi-thread chain weave;

– zigzag stitch of shuttle weave;

– overcasting machines; blind stitch machines;

– semi-automatic machines for sewing on buttons and other accessories, operating certificates, for making bartacks, and short stitches;

– semi-automatic buttonhole sewing machines;

– semi-automatic machines for assembling and processing individual clothing parts.

To designate sewing machines, there is a historically established system of simple serial numbers, somewhat modified in recent years. According to the factory classification, sewing machines are divided into classes, variants and modifications. Each manufacturer established its own class designations, assigning each newly developed machine another serial number. If variants were developed on the basis of this machine (changes or addition of new mechanisms), then they were designated by letters, for example machines 1, 2, 22-A, 22-B, 22-B, 26, 26-A, 51, 51-A class . Podolsk Mechanical Plant named after. M.I. Kalinin (PMZ) of the Podolskshveymash production association. Since 1968, it was decided to retain the designation of their classes for previously produced vehicles, and to assign designations to the variants of these vehicles, consisting of the vehicle class number with the addition of a serial number, starting with the number 2.

The Orsha Light Engineering Plant of the Promshveimash production association designates its machines in the same way: machine 97-A class. – straight stitch stitching with shuttle weave; 297 cells – with landing of the lower material; 397-M class. – with a knife for cutting sections of parts; 597-M class. – with a deflecting needle; 697 cells - with differential movement of materials, etc. The Rostov-on-Don Legmash plant of the Promshveymash production association produces stitching and overcasting sewing machines and, depending on the nature of the work performed, as well as the purpose, classifies them by introducing alphabetic and digital designations ( for example, cars 408-M, 408-AM, 508-M, 1208-A class, etc.).

Despite the fact that the digital and letter designations of sewing machines are of an abstract nature, class designations began to reflect the main provisions of the so-called basic-family principle of creating sewing equipment, according to which, based on the basic designs of machines, their variants and modifications are developed. Modification is the adaptation of a basic sewing machine to perform a specific operation without making design changes. An example of a modification would be machine 852-1x10 with a distance between lines of 10 mm: basic machine 852x5 cells. PMZ has a distance between lines of 5 mm.

Domestic sewing enterprises use equipment manufactured by machine-building associations of foreign countries - the Czechoslovak association Minerva manufactures industrial machines that perform zigzag stitching; Hungarian foreign trade enterprise exports various sewing machines and pressing equipment; The Tekstima association (GDR) produces industrial and household sewing machines of shuttle and chain weave. Large supplies of sewing equipment to our country are carried out by the Japanese company /Juki.”

An industrial sewing machine consists of a machine head, an industrial table and an individual electric drive. The head of the sewing machine has a sleeve 2 (Fig. 1), a sleeve stand 4 and a platform 5. The machine sleeve 2 on the left has a front part 1. Rotation from the electric motor is transmitted to the flywheel 3. The distance a from the sleeve stand 4 to the line of movement of the needle is called departure cars. This distance is determined by the size of the products that can be placed on the machine platform to the right of the needle.

Rice. 1. Appearance of the sewing machine and its main working parts

To perform shuttle or chain weaving, each sewing machine has the following main working parts:

needle– serves to pierce materials, pass the top thread through them and form a loop (lap);

thread take-up, and in chain weave machines, the thread feeder serves to feed the thread to the needle, shuttle (looper), tightens the stitch and pulls the thread reserve from the bobbin;

shuttle or looper in chain weaving machines - grabs the needle loop, expands it, leads it around the bobbin or inserts it into the previous loop in chain weaving machines, interweaving the threads;

material moving mechanism(rail) serves to move materials along the length of the stitch;

paw presses materials against the needle plate and feed dog, promoting material movement.

Drawing up kinematic diagrams of sewing machine mechanisms

It is convenient to study the design of sewing machine mechanisms, the principles of their operation and their adjustment using flat or spatial kinematic diagrams.

Under kinematic scheme machine mechanisms is understood as a simplified representation of the details of mechanisms to display the structure and conditions of transformation and transmission of influences. The designation of parts should be done in such a way that it reflects the design features of the part that affect the nature of the transformation of motion, or special functionality. For example, a thread take-up has two axes and a free end with an eye; its designation is similar to the connecting rod, but reflecting its curved shape and eye.

When drawing up a kinematic diagram, you must adhere to certain rules:

– the arrangement of parts on the diagram must correspond to their location in the machine;

– actual relationships with other machine parts should be reflected;

– the diagram should give an idea of ​​the nature of the movement transformation;

– the design features of the part that determine the adjustments in the machine must be indicated (slots in the parts, places where parts join, etc.);

– you should not complicate the diagram with structural details of parts and details that do not affect the nature of movement, adjustment and operation of mechanisms.

The spatial kinematic scheme is performed in the AYZ coordinate system where the ordinate axis of the op-amp is located vertically, the axis OH held at an angle of 7" from the horizontal upward, and the axis OZ – at an angle of 41° from the horizontal downwards.

Let's consider the kinematic diagram for the needle mechanism of a lockstitch sewing machine.

The construction of a diagram begins with studying the design of the mechanism, its parts, their location and movement in the machine and the available adjustments, etc. For the needle mechanism (Fig. 2), the working body is needle 1. The needle mechanism consists of a crank 8, fixed on the main shaft 10 screw and pin. Main shaft 10 runs in the rolling bearing 9. A pin is fixed in the crank 8 6, on which the upper head of the connecting rod 11 is put. Between the connecting rod 11 and the pin 6 needle bearing 7 is inserted. The lower head of the connecting rod 11 is put on the leash (lever) 3, which with a lag screw 4 connected to the needle bar 2. Cylindrical part of the leash 3 inserted into the slider hole 14. The slider is located between the guides 13. Guides 13 secured in the machine sleeve with screws 12. Needle bar 2 passes in two bushings (sliding bearings) 5, which are secured with screws in the machine sleeve. At the lower end of the needle bar 2 needle 1 is secured using screw 15.

Since fastening with guide screws 13 and bushings 5 ​​in the machine sleeve can be replaced in the kinematic diagram with shaded surfaces, then the screws in Fig. 2 are not shown. The spatial kinematic diagram (Fig. 2, c) reflects the actual relative position of the parts. Main shaft 10 located horizontally, i.e. coincides with the axis OH. There is a crank at its front end 8, connecting rod 11 and a leash 3. One end of the leash 3 enters the slider 14, and the other is put on the needle bar 2. Since needle 7 in a lockstitch sewing machine moves vertically, the position of the needle bar 2 coincides with the direction of axis 07. Screw 4 serves for adjustment, therefore it is necessary in the diagram, since it reflects the location of the kinematic connection connector between the shaft 10 and a needle 1 to perform height adjustment.

The flat diagram of the needle mechanism (Fig. 2, d) is simpler, but does not make it possible to imagine a complex spatial mechanism, the movement of parts in different planes (for example, the looper mechanism in a 10-B furrier machine). Therefore, further we will use spatial kinematic schemes.

When constructing a flat kinematic diagram, all parts are projected onto a plane, in this case vertical, parallel to the plane of rotation of the crank. If this is not feasible, then other planes are placed in the main one, i.e. in one in which there is movement of the working body of the mechanism.

The action of the mechanism according to the kinematic diagram is considered in the following sequence: they determine the position of the working body of the mechanism and the chain (chains) of parts that impart movement to the working body from the main shaft, and study the process of transmitting movement to the working body, starting from the main (camshaft) shaft of the machine.

Adjustment in the machine mechanism is possible at the joints through the tightening screws of the levers on the shafts, axles or other load-bearing parts. Adjustment locations are indicated by elongated lines in the lever, adjusting screws, adjusting nuts, cams, etc.

Fig.2. Elements of kinematic diagrams of the machine needle mechanism

b – design diagram

c – structural diagram in space

d – block diagram on the plane

All sewing machines consist of parts, assembly units (for example, a shuttle kit) and mechanisms. For the correct connection of parts, their orientation relative to each other and ensuring the interaction of mechanisms in the process of formation of stitches and stitches, as well as a number of other functions, parts are used in sewing machines to connect parts of assembly units, to transmit rotation and to transform various types of movements.

Parts for connecting parts of assembly units. The connection of machine parts can be permanent or detachable. With an inseparable rigid connection, one part cannot have any movement relative to the other.

Detachable rigid connections made with screws, bolts, cotter pins, dowels and other parts are much more common. For example, fastening the needle with a screw provides a rigid detachable fastening of the needle in the needle bar.

Screws can be with or without heads. They have a thread on their shaft and a slot on top for a screwdriver. The bolts have hex or tetrahedral heads for a corresponding wrench.

Screws with trunnions for hinge joints are widely used in sewing machines, ensuring the movement of one part relative to another. Such screws can have cylindrical and conical hinges. Hinge screws include a center pin that is secured with a screw. Center pins have a ground tapered end and are paired with another screw or pin to hold the shafts .

Parts for transmitting rotational motion. To support rotating shafts or axles in sewing machines, plain bearings and rolling bearings (ball bearings and needle bearings) are used.

To transmit rotation to parallel shafts located at a large distance from each other, belt and gear-belt drives are used. Toothed drums are mounted on parallel shafts, on which the timing belt is put . To transmit rotation to parallel shafts, cylindrical helical and spur gears with external and internal gearing are used. An internal gear transmission does not lead to an increase in the size of the assembly unit, i.e. it is compact.

Parts for transforming movements. To convert rotational motion into translational motion, sewing machines use a crank mechanism. It consists of a crank attached to the end of a shaft and performing a rotational movement with it. A connecting rod is placed on the crank pin. It has two heads and a body and is the main element in converting movement of one type into movement of another. The needle bar pin is inserted into the hole in the lower head of the connecting rod.

To convert rotational motion into oscillatory motion, sewing machines use an eccentric gear. This transmission consists of an eccentric (cylindrical part), the center of which is offset relative to the center of the shaft.

Lecture No. 2. Properties of lockstitch. The principle of lockstitch formation. Classification of machine needles and methods of their installation. Refilling sewing machines

1. PROPERTIES OF THE LOCKSTITCH

A two-thread lockstitch is formed from two threads - top A and lower B , which should be intertwined between the materials being ground. Upper thread A is called a needle, the lower B is called a shuttle, as it comes from a bobbin located inside the shuttle set, the distance between two needle punctures is called the stitch length.

The lockstitch stitch is difficult to unravel and is strong enough to tear both along and across the seam. Lockstitch is less stretchable than chain stitch and is widely used for making various types of clothing and linen.

When determining the thread consumption for the formation of a shuttle stitch, the utilization factor is taken into account, which is on average 1.2-1.7. So, with a work coefficient of 1.5, 15 cm of upper and 15 cm of lower thread are spent on a seam 10 cm long. The work coefficient depends on the length of the stitch, the thickness and properties of the materials being sewn, the degree of thread tension and other factors. To form a shuttle weave of threads, more complex mechanisms are required than for a chain weave. For example, a shuttle kit consists of a large number of parts and requires constant cleaning and lubrication. The presence of a bobbin in the shuttle set reduces the utilization rate of the machine: during a shift, the bobbin can be replaced 70 - 80 times. For example, when sewing the step sections of trousers on a 97-A class machine. OZLM. 3–5% of working time is spent on refilling the bobbin.

2. PRINCIPLE OF FORMATION OF SHUTTLE WEAVE

The interweaving of threads when forming a lockstitch can be done using a swinging, oscillating or rotating shuttle. The most widespread are machines with rotating shuttles, so below we will consider the principle of stitch formation on a machine with a rotating shuttle.

Top thread from spool 5 (Fig. 3, a) or the bobbins are circled between washers 3 tension regulator, insert into the eye of the thread take-up 4 and thread into the eye of the needle 2. Needle 2 pierces the material, passes the upper thread through it and lowers to the lower extreme position. When lifted, the needle forms a loop of thread, which is captured by the nose of the shuttle. The needle (Fig. 3, b) begins to rise up, the nose of the shuttle 7, capturing the loop of the upper thread, expands it. Thread take-up 4, moving down, feeds the thread to the shuttle. The loop of the upper thread is drawn around the bobbin with a shuttle (Fig. 3, c ).

When the loop of the upper thread is circled at an angle greater than 180 (Fig. 3, d), the Thread Take-up, rising up, will tighten the stitch. Rail 6 will move the material by stitch length.

Shuttle (Fig. 3, d) makes an idling motion, and at this time the other working parts of the machine (needle, rack and thread take-up) finish their work.

Machines with oscillating shuttles, which are less common in the clothing industry due to the uneven movement of the shuttle, operate on the same principle.

Rice. 3. The principle of forming a lockstitch

3. CLASSIFICATION OF MACHINE NEEDLES ACCORDING TO GOST 22249-82 E

All machine needles are used to pierce materials, pass thread tucked into the eye of the needle through it and form a loop of the required size, and then remove the excess thread from the material and tighten the stitch. Machine needles have flask for attaching a needle to a needle holder or needle bar, rod and point for puncturing materials. To form a loop, a short groove and on the opposite side long groove to protect the top thread from chafing. Ear The needle is used to thread the upper thread into it.

GOST 22249 - 82 E contains digital designations of needles depending on the cross-sectional shape of the rod, the shape of the sharpening of the tip and the manufacturing features of the flask. The following are taken into account: the diameter of the bulb, its length, the length of the entire needle, the length from the top edge of the eye to the end of the bulb, the position of the grooves on the rod, etc.

In addition to special digital designations, all machine needles have numbers - this is the thickness of the rod in hundredths of a millimeter. In the clothing industry, needles of numbers from 60 to 210 are used. For example, sewing needles, machines 1022-M class. are designated by number 0203.

Rice. 6. Right and left twists of threads

Fig 7. Determination of thread twist

The designation A-75 indicates that the needle was produced by the Artinsky Mechanical Plant. Needles for household sewing machines have a longitudinal flat on the bulb, which facilitates the correct installation of the needle in the machine.

Before sewing materials, you need to select threads in accordance with the requirements of the sewing machine passport and, depending on the threads, select needles.

When selecting threads, you should pay attention to the direction of twist, which can be left (S) or right (Z) (Fig. 6). This need is due to the fact that in some classes of sewing machines, during the weaving process, threads will unwind and lose their strength; in other classes, threads of such twist are quite acceptable. For these reasons, thread selection must be made in accordance with the requirements of the sewing machine passport.

To determine the direction of twist, the thread is clamped between the thumb and index fingers of the right and left hands (Fig. 7), and the thumb of the right hand relative to the index finger is rolled away from you, i.e., rotating it counterclockwise. If the strands of the thread twist, then it is a right-hand twist thread; if they unwind, it is a left-hand twist.

Lecture No. 3. The structure and operation of the needle and thread take-up mechanism of sewing machines

Needle mechanism. The needle mechanism in a lockstitch sewing machine is designed to convert the rotational movement of the main shaft of the machine into reciprocating movements of the needle along a straight path.

The main parameter of the needle mechanism is the overall stroke of the needle, i.e. moving it from the extreme top to the extreme bottom position. The greater the total needle stroke, the thicker the material the machine can grind.

The needle mechanism, depending on the method of transformation, movement and the presence of parts, has the following types: crank-rod (Fig. 8, a ), crank-slider (Fig. 8, b), axial (Fig. 8, c ), disaxial (Fig. 8, d), articulated multi-link (Fig. 8, e ) and many others (crank-yoke, cam in a class 25 car, etc.).

The crank mechanism received its name due to the presence of a crank 1 and a connecting rod in its design 2. Household sewing machines have this mechanism. High-speed sewing machines use crank-slider mechanisms, in which a leash 3 slider is located 6. The slider eliminates needle bar rotation 4 while the machine is running.

Rice. 8. Needle mechanisms

In the operation of the needle mechanism, it is necessary first of all to pay attention to the height position of the needle. In its highest position, the needle point should not protrude below the sole of the presser foot in its raised position. In the lowest position, the needle should be at such a height that, when lifted, it forms a loop and brings it along the trajectory of the shuttle nose. When raising the needle from its lowest position to a height S = 1.9...2.5 mm, necessary for the formation of a needle loop (loop stroke), the nose of the shuttle that comes out to capture the loop should be higher than the upper edge of the needle eye by c = 1... 2 mm. Typically, in machines with a rotating hook, the eye of the needle should extend (at its lowest position) halfway from behind the front of the bobbin holder.

The height of the needle in the mechanism is adjusted after loosening the screw that secures the leash. 3 on the needle bar 4 displacement of the needle bar 4 together with the needle 5 up or down, focusing on meeting the requirements for capturing the needle loop.

Thread take-up or thread feed mechanism

The thread take-up mechanism in a lockstitch sewing machine imparts the necessary movement to the thread take-up and serves to feed and tighten (pull) the needle thread during the formation of the lockstitch.

The following types of thread take-up mechanisms are used in sewing machines: cam (Fig. 9, a), crank-rocker (Fig. 9, b), crank-rocker (Fig. 9, c), rotating shaped or cam (Fig. 9, d )

The thread take-up mechanism is usually structurally linked to the needle mechanism. Both mechanisms have a single driving link - the crank. In household sewing machines operating at a shaft rotation speed of up to 1200 min" 1, cam (drum) needle thread take-ups are used (see Fig. 9, a), consisting of a cam 7, a thread take-up lever 2 and an axis 3.

In industrial sewing machines, crank-rocker arms are used (see Fig. 9, b) thread take-up. Their design includes a crank 8, thread take-up lever 7 (yoke), connecting link 6, 5 axis and double crank pin 4.

In sewing machines with a vertical axis of rotation of the shuttle, crank-link thread take-ups are used (Fig. 9, V), which consist of a crank 12, thread take-up lever 11, axes 10, backstage 9, connecting rod 13 and finger. Unlike crank-yoke thread take-ups, crank-yoke thread take-ups release the thread more quickly, i.e. they pass from the uppermost to the lowest position in a short time of rotation of the main shaft, which contributes to the timely entry of the thread into the needle and the shuttle and the reduction of the needle loop and its tightening in the stitch.

For high-speed sewing machines (rotation speeds over 5000 min" 1), rotating shaped thread take-ups made in the shape of a disk are used 14 special shape, mounted on a disk, which is fastened with two 15 screws to the finger 16.

Only with a rotating type of thread take-up can the timing of stitch feeding and tightening be adjusted. To make adjustments, you need to release screw 15 and turn the disk 14. If you turn the disk in the direction of rotation of the main shaft, the thread take-up will work earlier. When making adjustments, it is necessary to check that there is no sudden tension or re-seizure of the needle thread after the loop comes off the spout of the overlay plate in the shuttle device.

Rice. 9. Thread take-up mechanisms in lockstitch sewing machines

The 97-A machine uses a shaped rotating type of thread take-up mechanism (Fig. 10). The thread take-up 7 through hole 2 is put on the axis 3 of the finger 5 of the crank 4 and through sector 6 with screws 7 is attached to the boss of the finger 5. A knife is attached to the front board of the machine sleeve with a screw and nut for cutting the thread in case of a break and eliminating its wrapping on the profile 8 of the thread take-up 7.

The mechanism regulates the timeliness of tightening the thread in the stitch by turning the thread take-up 8 after loosening the screws 7. When turning the thread take-up 8 counterclockwise, the stitch is tightened earlier. A delay in tightening the stitch can lead to the re-capture of the overhead half-ring-brace of the needle loop shuttle device, which has been thrown off the finger.

Rice. 10. thread take-up mechanism

Lecture No. 4. Design and operation of the shuttle mechanism. Shuttle kit device

Rice. 11. Shuttle mechanism of the 97-A class machine.

The 97-A machine is equipped with a central bobbin, uniformly rotating type of shuttle mechanism. On the main shaft (Fig. 11). 6, the toothed drum 7 is secured with two screws. The lower toothed drum 8 is secured to the lower camshaft 9. A toothed belt 5 is put on both drums. To eliminate the axial displacement of the belt, spring rings are also put on the drums. Camshaft 9 rotates in ball bearings and two bushings. At its left end, gear 10 with internal teeth is secured with two screws. Gear 10 meshes with small gear 4 and forms a gear with a gear ratio of 1:2. Gear 4 has a single design with shuttle shaft 3. Shuttle shaft 3 rotates in two bushings pressed into bushing 11, secured with a screw in the machine platform. A shuttle device 1 is installed on the left end of shaft 3 and secured with two screws 2.

Shuttle 7, through toothed belt and gear transmissions, receives rotation in the same direction as the machine pulley, but for one revolution of the main shaft it makes two revolutions.

The timeliness of the approach of the nose of the shuttle 7 to the needle is regulated by turning it after loosening the screws 2. When lifting the needle from its lowest position to a distance S = 1.9...2.1 mm, the nose of the shuttle should enter the trajectory of the needle.

The gap between the nose of the shuttle 7 and the needle is adjusted after loosening the screw securing the sleeve 11 and the axial displacement of the sleeve 11 together with the shuttle device 7. The gap D = 0.05... 0.1 mm.

The amount of oil supplied to the shuttle device is regulated by screw 12. When screw 12 is unscrewed, the oil supply to the shuttle increases. Checking the supply of lubricant to the shuttle should be carried out at the maximum number of revolutions of the main shaft, for which it is necessary to place a sheet of paper under the shuttle and hold it motionless for 15 s. If two scattered oil strips approximately 1 mm wide remain on the paper, then the oil supply to the shuttle is normal.

Shuttle design

Let's consider the design of a shuttle set uniformly rotating with a horizontal axis of rotation (Fig. 12). Using screws 10 (two or three), the body 13 of the shuttle device is attached to the shuttle shaft of the machine (not shown in Fig. 3.8). The body 13 has a spout 9 for gripping the needle loop. Spout 9 when operating the device in a machine must be pointed and free of burrs. The top plate 11 is attached to the body 13 of the device with screws 12. The front and side surfaces of the plate 11, as well as the side surfaces of the spout 9, must be carefully ground and polished. In the body 13 there is a groove 14 into which the belt 16 of the bobbin holder 18 fits. From the bobbin holder 18 falling out of the body 13 a half-ring-bracket 15 is used, secured with three screws 7 on the body 13. The spout 8 of the half-ring-clip 15 must be polished, since the needle loop passes from it when it leaves the shuttle device.

Belt 16 bobbin holder 18 open at the top. Its ends at the ends at the point of break along the side edges, as well as other surfaces of the parts with which the thread comes into contact during the formation of the stitch, must be polished. Front part of the bobbin holder 18 has a groove 17 into which the protrusion fits 3 latches 7. If present in the bobbin holder 18 two grooves 17, the second is used to interact with the tapper. At the top of the front part of the bobbin holder 18 there is a groove 6, in which includes the projection 5 of the installation pin 21. Positioning pin 21 secured to the machine body with a screw 20. In the center of the bobbin holder 18 there is a center pin 19 for basing and securing the bobbin case 23.

The bobbin case body has a milled groove on the front part 29, into which latch 1 enters. Latch 1 is hinged (using a finger 30) connected to movable plate 2 . A screw is installed on latch 7 (to prevent it from falling out of the bobbin case) 4. Latch 1 is fixed in the groove of the center pin 19 using a spring 31, which is installed in the hole 24 bobbin case housing. Spring 28 to regulate the tension of the shuttle thread, it is secured with an adjusting 20 and regulatory 27 screws on the side of the case 23 cap.

Bobbin 22 is put on the cylindrical hollow axis 25 of the bobbin case 23.

Rice. 12. Rotating shuttle device of the sewing machine

Lecture No. 5. Design and operation of the tissue motor mechanism. Units for vertical and horizontal movement of the slats and adjuster for stitch length and fastening

Rice. 13. Mechanism for moving materials: unit for horizontal and vertical movement of the rack, machine reverse mechanism.

The machine uses a rack-and-pinion mechanism for moving the fabric, consisting of units for lifting the presser foot, advancing (vertical and horizontal), adjusting and reversing the gear rack.

Mechanisms for promoting material. When forming a lockstitch, moving the material can be done in one of three ways:

– rack conveyor and its varieties, when the movement of material is ensured by a rack;

– disk (roller), when the material is transported by disks with grooved surfaces;

– a frame that fixes the material between two plates and performs movement within the dimensions of the frame.

The disk (roller) conveyor is used in sewing machines for processing leather and fur products, as well as for performing auxiliary actions in specialized sewing machines (transporting trim, lace, etc.).

The frame is used in machines that perform stitching according to a given program (buttonholes, bartacks, etc.), as well as in universal programmable machines when performing embroidery, monograms, etc.

Unit for vertical movement of the rack. On the lower camshaft 26 (Fig. 13), the lifting eccentric 34 is secured with two screws, and the connecting rod head 33 is put on it. A needle bearing is inserted between the connecting rod 33 and the eccentric. The second head of the connecting rod 33 is connected through a hinge screw 30 using a nut 32 to a rocker arm 31, secured to the lift shaft 43 with a tightening screw 29. The shaft 43 is centered by pins 27 and 45, secured by screws 28 and 44 in the machine body. At the front end of the shaft 43 there is a lifting lever 42. The pin fixed in the lever 42 enters the axial hole of the slider 41, which is located in the guides of the fork lever 47. A rack 46 is fixed to the fork lever.

The rotation of the eccentric 34 causes oscillatory movements of the connecting rod 33 and, with the help of the rocker arm 31, the shaft 43 and the lever 42, the slider 41 moves the rack 46 in the vertical plane.

Unit for horizontal movement of the rack. On the camshaft 26, the advance eccentric 36 is made as a single part with the lift eccentric 34. The head of the connecting rod-fork 37 is put on the advance eccentric 36. A needle bearing is inserted between the connecting rod 37 and the eccentric. An axis 16 is inserted into the rear head, made in the form of a fork, which also forms a hinged connection with the forked head of the connecting link 13 and is rigidly connected to the rocker arm 38 using a screw 15. The lower head of the rocker arm 38 is threaded through the axis 39, the front part of which is put on on the lower head of the rocker arm 40, and its remote end is rigidly connected with a screw to the lever 35. The upper head of the rocker arm 40 is hingedly connected through a pin 48 to the machine body. The pin 48 is secured with a screw in the machine platform. The upper head of the lever 35 is secured with a screw 17 to the intermediate shaft 18 of the stitch length adjustment unit.

The connecting link 13 with the far head is hinged, through a screw 11, connected to the rocker arm 10, which is secured with a tightening screw 9 to the advance shaft 8. The advance shaft 8 is held by two pins 12 and 2 in the machine body. Studs 12 and 2 are secured with screws 14 and 1, respectively, in the machine platform. At the front end of the shaft 8 there is a vertical frame 7, in which the fork lever 47 is centered using pins 6 and 3. Pins 6 and 3 in frame 7 are secured with screws 5 and 4.

The rotation of the eccentric 36 causes oscillatory movements of the connecting rod-fork 37, which are converted by means of the rocker arm 38 into reciprocating movements of the axis 16. When performing stitches with a stable stitch length, the swing axis 39 of the rocker arm 38 is motionless. From the axis 16, oscillatory movements are communicated to the rocker arm 10 through the connecting link-fork 13. The rocker arm 10, mounted on the advance shaft 8, and the frame 7 perform reciprocating movements that move the rack 46 in the horizontal direction.

Unit for adjusting stitch length and performing fastening (reverse stroke of the rack). To regulate the length of the stitch and perform the reverse stroke of the rack (this allows you to perform fastening on the stitching) in the 97-A machine, the intermediate shaft 18 is connected to a double-armed lever 22 through a lever 25 and a rod 21. A handle 24 is attached to the end emerging from the body. To return the handle 24 to the uppermost position after fastening in the stitching on the intermediate shaft IS, the installation ring 20 is secured with screws. One end of the spring 19 is inserted into the hole of the installation ring 20, and the other end rests against the machine platform.

Changes in the distance of material transportation (adjustment of the stitch length) are performed by changing the position of the axis 39. The more the axis moves away from the plane drawn through the axis 16 and the hinge screw 11 in the middle position of the rack 46, the longer the stitch length. When axis 39 reaches this plane, the stitch length is zero, and with further movement counterclockwise, the movement of the rack is converted to the opposite. The position of lever 22 is fixed with nut 23.

The stitch length in the 97-A machine is adjusted by turning the knurled nut 23 (see Fig. 13), located in the handle 24 of the regulator. When tightening the nut 23 the handle moves down and the stitch length decreases.

Rack lift height 46 above the needle plate is adjusted by turning the lever 42 after loosening the screw 29 rocker mounts 31 to the lift shaft 43.

Rack position 46 in the slot of the needle plate in the transverse direction it is installed by loosening screws 5 and 4 securing the studs 6 And 3 on the frame 7 advance shaft 8 and with further displacement of the fork lever 47 with rack 46.

Matching the stitch length to the indicator on the sleeve is achieved by setting the “0” position with the handle 24 and after loosening screw 17 by turning the lever 40 with axle 39 and bringing it to the plane of the axis location 16 and screw 11. Rail 46 should not move horizontally over the needle plate.

Lecture No. 6. Design and operation of the presser foot mechanism

Figure 14. Presser foot assembly

Hinged tab 1 is attached with screw 2 to rod 22, which moves in sleeve 21, which is pressed into the sleeve of the machine. At the upper end of the sleeve 21 there is a bracket 20, its flat protrusion fits into the vertical slot 4 of the sleeve. A coupling 17 is secured to the rod 22 with a screw 18, to which a pusher is attached to release the thread when the presser foot is raised. The flat protrusion on the coupling 17 is also inserted into the vertical slot 4 of the sleeve. The protrusion on the coupling 17 does not allow the presser foot 1 to rotate around the axis of the rod 22. From above into the rod 22 ball inserted 16, which the leaf spring presses on 15, put on the right end on the screw 14. An adjusting screw acts on the spring 15 from above 9. Bottom on bracket ledge 20 can impact the cam 3, rigidly pressed on a horizontal axis 19. At the right end of the axle 19 lever 23 is attached to manually lift presser foot 1. When cam 3 is turned, it pushes the tension regulator plate through the pusher (not shown in Fig. 14) and the rod and releases the needle thread.

For knee lifting of the foot to the bracket 20 the lower head of link 5 is attached with a hinge screw. The upper head of link 5 is put on the rod 6, which is welded to levers 7(11) and 11. Lever 7(11) is held on hinge screws 8 And 10. The upper end of the rod is inserted into the right protrusion of lever 11 13 and secured with an adjustable pin 12. Lower end of rod 13 passes through a hole in the machine platform, a spring is put on the rod from below 24 and washer 25. Washer 25 is also fixed with an adjustable pin.

When you press the lever for the knee lift of the foot, the traction 13, rising, turns lever 11 counterclockwise and through link 5, bracket 20 and the coupling 17 is lifted by the rod 22, and with it the presser foot 1.

The pressing force of the presser foot 7 (see Fig. 3.36) of the material is adjusted with an adjusting screw 9. When screwing screw 9, the force of pressing the material with foot 1 increases.

Timeliness of raising and advancing the rack 46 (Fig. 13) is adjusted by turning the lifting eccentrics 34 and promotion 36 after loosening the screws securing them to the lower camshaft 26.

Rack position 46 along the slot in the needle plate is adjusted after loosening the screws 29 And 9 rocker arm mountings 3 1 and 10 respectively on the lifting shafts 43 and promotion 8.

Lecture No. 7. Mechanisms of winder and tension regulator of the upper thread. Comparative characteristics of class 97 and class 1022 cars

Rice. 15. Mechanism for winding thread onto a bobbin for a class 97-A sewing machine

Construction and operation of a winder. To wind the thread onto the bobbin and machine, use a winder installed on the table surface to the right of the machine head. The winder has a plate 6 (Fig. 15), at the end of which a bracket 8 is attached with a screw 7. A thread tension regulator 9 is pressed into the vertical part of the plate, and in the upper part of the bracket there is a thread guide hole 10. In the front part of the plate 6, two of its posts 13 are held lever 14, a spring is inserted into its hole from below, which, pressing on the stop, tends to turn lever 14 counterclockwise. In the upper part of the lever 14 there is a hole in which a shaft 4 is located, which has a right end with a cut for more tightly installing a bobbin 5 on it. A pulley 3 is attached to the left end of the shaft 4. A link 2 is connected to the lever 14, and is attached to its boss with a screw 16 a leaf spring 12, which serves to turn off the winder when winding the required amount of thread onto the bobbin 5. The second part of the link 2 is connected to the lever 17 for turning on the automatic device for winding threads, while the lower end of the lever 17 is connected to the stand of the plate 6 with a hinged rivet. To silently turn off the winder and brake it, a holder 1 with a rubber gasket 18 is attached to the plate 6.

The winder is fixed on the table through longitudinal holes in plate 6 with two screws 11.

To wind thread onto a bobbin, the thread from the bobbin on the stand is passed through hole 10 between the tension regulator washers 9 and 3...4 turns are made on bobbin 5, pre-installed on shaft 4. The winder is turned on by turning lever 17 clockwise, which corresponds to the output lever 17 and link 2 on one straight line. In this case, pulley 3 is shifted to the drive belt of another machine. When the position of link 2 changes, its leaf spring 12 enters between the walls of bobbin 5. When a given amount of thread is wound onto bobbin 5, the filled bobbin presses on leaf spring 12, and under the action of the spring in lever 14, link 2 and lever 17 are removed from the straightened state. Lever 14 turns counterclockwise, pulley 3 moves away from the belt and comes into contact with the brake rubber 18, which stops its inertial rotation. Bobbin 5 is removed from shaft 4, the thread is cut. It is unacceptable for the remaining free end of the thread to get on the machine’s drive belt, as it may wrap around the machine’s pulley.

The degree of filling of the bobbin with threads is regulated by screw 15, which changes the position of the leaf spring 12 relative to the axis of the bobbin 5. When screw 15 is tightened, the protruding part of the spring 12 is lowered and more threads are wound onto the bobbin 5.

To uniformly wind the thread onto the bobbin 5, it is necessary to adjust the position of the thread guide 10 relative to the bobbin 5. To do this, release the screw 7 and move the bracket 8 across the plate 6 so that the thread is wound evenly across the entire width of the bobbin 5.

The uniform rotation of pulley 3 can be adjusted by moving plate 6 with the winder after loosening the pulley with screws 11 to the machine drive belt. There must be tight contact between pulley 3 and the belt, preventing free slipping of the belt relative to pulley 3 when winding thread onto bobbin 5.

The disconnection of the winder and its stop can be adjusted by displacing the winder from the belt after loosening its fastening with screws 11, as well as by adjusting the position of the rubber gasket 18 after loosening the fastening of the holder 7. The rubber gasket 18 should be in contact with the pulley 3 when it is turned off, which prevents the bobbin 5 from overflowing with threads as a result of inertial rotation of pulley 3.

Rice. 16. Scheme of sequential re-threading of the shuttle thread on a class 97-A sewing machine

Lecture No. 8. Household sewing machines. 2M class machine. Needle, thread take-up and shuttle mechanisms.

Sewing machine 2M class. PMZ is a typical and most common lockstitch machine. It is intended for sewing cotton, wool and silk fabrics with a two-thread lockstitch, as well as for embroidery and darning.

Maximum rotation speed ch. shaft, rpm – up to 12000 Up to 4.

Stitch length, mm. – up to 4

Maximum thickness of stitched materials, mm. – up to 4

Lifting height of the presser foot, mm. – up to 7

Head weight (without drive), kg. – up to 11.5

The needle mechanism is a crank.

The thread take-up mechanism is cam type.

The shuttle is central-spool, swinging, left-handed.

The fabric motor is rack and pinion type.

The machine has a device for lowering the rack (for embroidery and darning).

Electrically driven machines are equipped with a table/stand, lined with various valuable types of wood. Sewing machines have distinctive indices based on the type of table covering.

Machine needle mechanism 2M class. PMZ.

The needle mechanism imparts reciprocating movement to the needle and has the following device (Fig. 17).

Rice. 17. The mechanism of the needle, shuttle and movement of materials.

At the front end of the main shaft 17, a screw 15 is rigidly fixed to a crank 14. The screw 15, with its conical end, enters a blind hole on the main shaft of the machine. The threaded end of the pin 9 is screwed into the end of the crank 14 and secured into the groove 11 of the crank with a nut 10. This fastening prevents the arbitrary unscrewing of the pin 9 during operation.

The crank pin 9 is covered by the upper head of the connecting rod 8, and its lower head covers the cylindrical part of the driver 6, secured by a screw 7 to the needle bar 5. The needle bar moves in the lower guide hole of the machine sleeve and the long sleeve 13, secured by a locking screw 12 in the machine sleeve.

At the lower end of the needle bar 5, a lock 2 secures a needle holder 3, in which a needle 1 is secured with a screw 4.

The needle is installed until the flask stops in the slot. Its long groove, from which the upper thread is threaded, should be facing to the right, and the flat on the bulb and the short groove of the needle should be located on the left (towards the nose of the shuttle). The needle stroke is 31 mm, the connecting rod length is 39 mm.

To adjust the height of the needle, you need to turn the handwheel 21 so much that the needle is in the lower position. In this case, screw 7 is positioned against the hole in the machine sleeve. Having loosened the screw, you should move the needle bar 5 along with the needle in height; after adjusting, screw 7 must be secured.

Shuttle mechanism of the machine 2M class. PMZ.(Fig. 17).

In the car 2M class. PMZ uses a central bobbin shuttle device with oscillatory movements of a left-hand shuttle. During the formation of stitches, the shuttle performs an oscillatory movement according to a certain law. The movement of the shuttle is communicated from the main shaft 17, located in two bushings 16 and 20, by four-link and rocker mechanisms. The main shaft 17 is driven into rotation through a flywheel 21, a bushing 22, a washer with protrusions 23 and a friction screw with a lock 24. The rocker mechanism has the following device.

The neck of the knee 19 of the main shaft is covered by the upper head of the connecting rod 18. Its lower head is connected to the rocker arm 27 of the swinging shaft 30 by a hinged cone screw 29 with a lock nut 28. The shaft swings on two conical axes 25, which are secured in the holes of the platform bosses with locking screws 26.

The second end of the swing shaft is made in the form of a slide, the opening of which covers a stone 31, pivotally mounted on the rear end of the shuttle shaft 34 and secured to it with a conical pin 33. The shaft 34 is located in two guide holes of the machine platform.

The shuttle pusher is secured to the front end of the shaft using pin 35. 36, the horns of which impart an oscillatory movement to the shuttle. To soften impacts on the shuttle, a spring 38 is attached to the shuttle pusher 36 with screws 37. Thus, the rotational movement of the main shaft through the elbow, connecting rod 18 and rocker arm 27 is converted into a rocking movement of the shaft 30 and the rocker with a swing angle of 98° 30"

The rocker mechanism, through the rocker, the stone 31 and the rocker 32, imparts a rocking motion to the shuttle shaft 34 with a swing angle of 206 - 210°.

The shuttle stroke cone 39 is attached to the vertical posts of the platform with two screws 41. At the rear end of the housing 39 there are protrusions that fit into the grooves of the platform struts and thereby center the position of the housing 39 relative to the axis of the shuttle shaft with sufficient accuracy.

Two cylindrical pins 40 are pressed into the front end of the housing. The open groove 42 of the housing 39 of the shuttle stroke includes the horns of the shuttle pusher 36; A shuttle 43 is installed between the horns in the groove with a guide belt.

From the outside, the groove 42 of the shuttle stroke body is closed by an overlay ring 44, which is installed on pins 40 through two holes 51 and pressed by a flat spring 45. The spring is secured to the shuttle stroke body 39 with a screw 46.

This fastening of the overlay ring with the help of a spring eliminates the possibility of breakage of the mechanism parts, if the shuttle accidentally drags the thread into the groove of the shuttle stroke housing, the overlay ring in this case will move away from the body 39 and the thread will not cause breakage of the parts.

The bobbin case 48, inside of which a bobbin 50 with a wound lower thread is placed, is put on the shuttle rod 53 with a hub and locked on it with a latch 47. The bobbin case mounting pin 49 fits into the groove 52 of the ring 44 and holds the bobbin case from rotating.

A plate 54 is attached to the top of the shuttle stroke housing 39 with two screws, which helps the loop of the upper thread to loop around the shuttle.

The activity of a manufacturing enterprise is characterized by a production technological process, which, like any developed production system, includes as its main elements means, objects and the labor process.

Means of labor At a sewing enterprise there are sewing machines, presses, equipment for preparation and cutting production, devices for adhesive joining of parts and other equipment.

Objects of labor in clothing production - textile products (woven, non-woven, knitted). The labor process manifests itself in the transformation of the subject of labor into labor products and constitutes the essence of this technological process.

Garment production process, as in most industrial enterprises, consists of cutting (cutting products), connecting parts and assembly units (sewing), molding - giving the product a given shape (wet heat treatment).

Let's consider the production technological process carried out at a sewing enterprise.

The production process begins with technical and technological preparation of production. It includes the creation of a basic design for one size, the production of patterns for all sizes, the layout of parts, the preparation of a technical description of the model (description of appearance, specifications of materials, scale of sizes and heights, requirements for cutting, technological processing, table of measures), establishment of processing methods for based on standards, technical conditions, equipment used, clarification of the design and production of working patterns, etc.

These types of work are carried out in the experimental workshop of the enterprise, as well as in its departments: production and technical and the labor and wages department.

Direct production of products begins in the preparatory cutting shops, where quantitative measurements of fabrics, production of sheets of sewing materials, cutting of sheets into sections, cutting out parts of garments from sections, assembling parts, etc. are carried out.

Garment production processes constitute the main content of the production process for manufacturing garments, since they account for up to 80% of all labor costs associated with the production of garments. These processes are carried out in sewing workshops. This includes types of work: processing of individual parts and assembly units, installation of the product.

The production technological process of manufacturing garments ends in finishing shops, where wet-heat treatment (WHT) processes, both in-process and final, are carried out.

The most popular equipment for sewing production is sewing machine- connects clothing parts with a thread seam, performs decorative stitching, embroidery, overcasts the edges of the material, etc. The first sewing machine was created in Great Britain in 1755. There are shuttle and chain stitch sewing machines; the stitch can be visible or hidden.

Sewing machines are very diverse in their appearance, design and kinematics. A large number of different machines are used in the clothing industry, therefore, for the purpose of systematization, they are divided into groups according to their purpose:

Straight stitch lockstitch

Straight stitch single thread chain stitch

Straight stitch multi-thread chain stitch

Zigzag stitch

· Semi-automatic machines for sewing on buttons and other accessories, operating certificates

· Semi-automatic machines for marking buttonholes, making bartacks and short seams

· Semi-automatic machines for processing individual parts of clothing

Within each of these groups, machines are divided into two subgroups depending on the nature of the stitch they perform (chain stitch, shuttle stitch).

By constructive Based on their features, the machines are divided into single-needle and multi-needle, shuttle and shuttleless, machines with rotating and swinging shuttles.

All machines are divided into universal and special.

Unfortunately,
Embroidery machine HAPPY Profi HCS 1201-30 with color display,
Steamer Type Special art. I-S5/588 (1700W, 3L, 9 modes, LCD display, hangers, trousers),
Ironing table VTK 2-14 (rectangular 1400*700mm, 0.75 kW),
Overlock "Typical" GN-2000-4H 4-thread (head),
Duplicating press I-P5/16 electric steam 800x310mm Type Special,
Table "Typical" for PShM GC 20U33,
Saber knife 9E-HSS,
Sharpening stone S150-SU for circular knives KAIGU YC20, YC25,
Roller S 0244A/65/85(42) "Typical",
Needle plate 0302/6-6/6-7(1.41) "Typical",
Needle bar 78T2-004//6150H/B/6180(2.22) "Typical",
Front looper 88Т4 - 002А/33-5(6.3) "Typical",
Shuttle device 78Т4-002/6150В (4.17) "Typical",
Textrop belt for PShM MN-38A,
Bobbin holder 2 threads. with "Typical" stand,
Device A-11 15mm,
Spool for ShM art.203470,
Foot for PShM art.S-539 (P3819),
Foot sole FLUOR art. T36СWВ - 14 mm,
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" UYx128 GAS No. 090/14 (pack of 20 pieces),
Overlock "Typical" GN-2000-4XH 4-thread (head),
Tank for steam generator SPR/MN 2002,
BShM "Brother XL-5060",
Electric drive for BBM (with pedal) 180 Watt "Typical",
Hoop for embroidery machine RTA-12-360 (diameter 12cm),
Steamer Type Special art. I-S5/528 (1700W, 2.2L, 2 modes),
Switch Silter TY BA 03 XX (iron) for steam generator 2002, 2035, 2005F,
Ironing board Super mini 2101A with steam generator,
Iron stand Silter T-1005,
Overlock "Typical" GN-794 4-thread (head),
Thermal printing pressType Special I-P8/38,
PShM "Typical" GC 6160 V (head),
Replaceable saber knife 8" for HF-170 with wavy blade,
Sharpening stone for HF-60 disc,
Stamping plate S5184//65/85/105"Typical",
Needle plate 029100003//6170 "Typical" 1/8",
Overlock knife "Siruba" 737, 747, 757 KR35 lower,
Needle holder 159320001/2000-4(5.32) "Typical",
Looper 204 702 732 38 upper,
Belt for CMM 290mm textrop "Radom",
Capacitor S6066//65/85/105 "Typical",
Foot sole 5011-10-N/N CY-7306-2,
Spool MN 0350-0003 (B04),
Foot sole FLUOR art. T36СWВ - 12.5 mm,
ORGAN needles DВх1 No. 70 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" 134LR No. 100/16 (pack of 20 pieces),
Ironing table art.603 - Big Stirovap It.,
,
BShM "Janome EL 532",
Electric drive for BShM (with pedal) 120 Watt,
Hoop for embroidery machine RTA-15-360 (diameter 15cm),
Steamer art. I-S5/10-DJ, 1500W, (hangers, brush),
Ironing board Gazzella TSGZM900S,
Iron pad STB/200 aluminum-fluoroplastic (0.6mm),
Overlock "Typical" GN-795 (3*5) 5-thread (head),
Iron with steam generator Super mini 2075-7.5 liters with drain hole,
Duplicating press I-P5/15 electric 500x400mm Type Special,
PShM "Typical" GL 13101-2 (head),
Replacement saber knife 7E-HSS 7",
Stone for sharpening banded knife BK-1200 (550) DCQ 1200-II-6-2 for VK and S-B2 series,
Left lower knife insert S0037A//65/85/105(43) "Typical",
Needle plate 116Т4-007С1/31030(9.34) "Typical",
Lower knife 130Т7-021/31030-12(33) "Typical",
Needle holder KG142-E//GN79-4(5.27) "Typical",
Gear rack 22Т6-001А3/6150М (5.1) "Typical",
Shuttle device 1WF2-064//20606/20606-1 (6.05;7.05) "Typical",
Textrop belt for PShM MN-44A,
Upper needle bar bushing 8A2-015//GK31030 (4.19) "Typical",
Foot sole 5011-16-N/N,
Spool "Typical" 2-1(3.26),
Foot for PShM "Typical" 22Т7-017F//6150-6170-6180 (7.26),
Foot sole FLUOR art. P351TB,
Needles for PShM "Lammertz" DBx1 (1738) No. 080 (pack of 10 pieces),
PShM "Typical" GK 321-4 (head + table),
Heating element 7.51.080. 900W, 230V,
BShM "Janome 521",
Electric drive BShM MN 0352-8000 120W,
Hoop for embroidery machine RTA-18-360 (diameter 18cm),
Ironing board 1A06 size: 120x50 Stirovap Italy,
Overlock "Typical" GN-793 3-thread (head),
Duplicating press I-P5/16A electric steam 800x310mm Type Special,
PShM "Typical" GC 6220 M (head),
Replacement saber knife 6E 6" "Golden Eagle",
Sharpening stone for HF-100,
Needle bar 22Т2 014/6150/6160/6180 (2.22) "Typical",
Looper right Textima 8515,
Rubber cord belt for BShM L-350 (Russia),
Foot sole 5011-7-N/N 1/8" CY-7307,
Bobbin case for "Typical" 2-1(3.27),
Foot for PShM art. S-540 (P3825),
Teflon tape for feet 1mm x 25mm (roll 1.2 meters),
Needles ORGAN 134-35LR No. 80/12 (pack of 10 pieces),
Iron Silter STB-295 1.40 kg electric steam for ironing seams,
BShM "Janome 18W-MyExsel",
Electrical cord power supplies BShM TYR 1.2 (Poland),
Hoop for embroidery machine RTA-32320-360 (32*32cm),
Ironing board Super mini 2135A with steam generator,
Table "Typical" for industrial overlock GN 79,
Steam generator with iron T-Super mini 2005E-5 liters 2 kg,
Servomotor Type Special S-S550 (220V, 550W),
Disc knife DF8-1 (13)"Typical",
Sharpening stone S150-SU for circular knives KAIGU YC20 and C-R/20,
Knife for the car "Fortuna" TV 801,
Needle bar 33Т1-017/6-6/6-7/0302/2301/2603 (3.26) "Typical",
Lower looper for overlocker "Siruba" 737, 747, 757" KL25,
Shuttle device 33Т1-018J//0302/6-6/6-7//(3.2) "Typical",
Leather belt 5 mm,
Damper gasket MF70A1419 small,
Foot sole 5013-2-N/N,
Bobbin case for PShM 1597 cl,
ORGAN needles DВх1 No. 120 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" 134S No. 090/14 (pack of 20 pieces),
Tabletop duplicating press VTK-2000 (380V),
Sleeve cushion 419 Stirovar,
BShM "Janome EL 530",
Electric drive BShM MN 0352-8000 100W,
Embroidery machine HAPPY HCS 1021-30 (head) with monochrome. display,
KD-5-3 Thermal knife,
Ironing board Super mini 2000 A,
Table "Typical" for industrial overlock GN 2000,
PShM "Typical" GC 6220 V (head),
Replaceable disc knife 80mm,
Belt abrasive kit for MH 8" (pack of 5 pcs),
Knife V-4121-522-OOO,
Needle holder 88Т2-001//33-5 (4.28) "Typical",
Upper looper 160400001//2000-3 "Typical",
Shuttle device YZH2-100-22 (HSH-12-15MM(V)) for "Typical" GC20606,
Textrop belt for PShM MN-42A,
Foot sole 5013-8-N/N,
Bobbin case for PShM Typical 78Т4-004,
Presser foot SP 18 3/32 (2.4mm) for stitching,
Teflon tape for feet 0.5mm x 25mm (roll 1.2 meters),
ORGAN DPх 5 needles No. 75 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" DPx17 LR No. 110/18 (pack of 20 pieces),
PShM "Typical" GC 6201Н (GC201) (head),
Connector for 024, 018,
BShM "Brother XL-6452",
Pedal to electric drive BShM TYR 1.2 (Poland),
Software "URFINUS LIGHT",
Blade 6.3 for thermal knife KD-5-0,
Overlock "Typical" GN-1-1D 3-thread (set),
PShM "Typical" GC 6850 (head),
Blade HSS 8" (BS-Germany),
Needle plate for PShM GN737/757,
Needle holder KG131-E//GN79-3(5.27) "Typical",
Leather belt 0.5mm KAZ (pack from 1 meter),
Bobbin holder L3-1 3-thread with stand,
Foot sole T36N MT13,
Bobbin case for "Typical" 6-7D(3.18),
Foot for PShM art.S-518N-NF,
Fluorine foot art. Т35W,
Overlock "Typical" GN-2000-3 3-thread (head),
Fabric covering C.201 QPFB-10 and I-P5/16,
BShM "Janome Jem Gold",
Electric drive for BShM (with pedal) 150 Watt,
HAPPY software,
Steam pipe SYSH69025 (6x9mm) 1pc-2.5m,
Steam generator with steam brush (double-sided) Silter 2004/FD 2 liters.,
Tape cutting machine "Typical" CB1-II (head + table),
Replacement disk knife S135-SU 100mm (8-sided) for YC25, C-R/25,
Sharpening stone for HF-100/125 disc,
Spring S 0232A//65/85/105 "Typical",
Needle bar 5-1 (4.5) "Typical",
Toothed rack 22Т6-001А3/6150/6180 (5.1) "Typical",
Textrop belt for PShM MN-33A,
Set of spare parts for "Typical" TW2-В845-5 9.5mm (4 items),
Foot sole T36LN MT17,
Bobbin case for "Typical" 2301/2603 (7.11),
Foot for PShM art. S-531L for corduroy,
Foot sole FLUOR art. Т35WВ,
JUKI needles DВх1 No. 110/18 (pack of 10 pcs),
PShM "Typical" GT 690DA-05 (set),
Electromagnetic coil S/6000 CD 372/1,
Household overlock "Janome 205D" 3/4-x thread,
Electric drive for BBM (with pedal) 90 Watt "Typical",
Device for embroidery on hats HCS 1201-30 (wide field of embroidery),
Iron stand Silter SYSA1005,
Motor for "Typical" CB1-II,
Reciprocating knife MN 0352-7000 8,
024/2 accessories (set of brushes for steam cleaning) for 018 and 024,
Needle plate for Juki,
Upper pair knife 130Т7-009/31030-12(32) "Typical",
Needle holder 1162-026H1//31030H 6.4mm "Typical",
Toothed rack S-03885 E-16,
Lower looper 0352-4046 for GN33,
Shuttle device HSH 7.94 V,
Belt for BShM,
Thread take-up for VERITAS (KAZ),
Foot sole TS-711,
Device A-9 1",
Spool for PShM 1022 cl., Texstima, Juki with holes,
Fluorine foot art. T363,
ORGAN DVx63 needles No. 90 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" 134-35LR No. 125/20 (pack of 20 pieces),
Iron Silter STB-210 3.60 kg electric steam without steam generator,
Relay with microcircuit S. 113 Q-10,
BShM New Home NH 5518,
PShM "Typical" GC 20606L18 (head + table),
Blade HSS10" (BS-Germany),
Sharpening stone for R-12,
Needle plate 159310001/2000-4 (P34.1) "Typical",
Knife for buttonhole machine 23447 1/2,
Needle holder 160320001/2000-3(5.32) "Typical",
Differential gear rack 8А4-040/31030 6/5.6/4.8mm (9.25) "Typical",
Regulating screw 22T7-014E1/6150(7.23) "Typical",
Foot sole TS-716,
Spool for PShM art.2073,
Presser foot SP 18L 1/16 (1.6mm) for stitching,
Foot sole FLUOR art. T36СWВ - 20 mm,
ORGAN DPx17 needles No. 100 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" DCx27 No. 085/13 (pack of 20 pieces),
Ironing board art.365 - Standard Stirovap It.,
Tank for steam generator SPR/MN 2005,
BShM "Janome 525S",
Adjustable thermostat 32390000 fixed at 145gr/C,
Table "Typical" for PShM GC 62/20606,
Replaceable saber knife 8E 8" "Golden Eagle",
Sharpening stone B-7 for circular knives KLT-70,
Needle bar 48Т2 003/6150Н,В (2.22) "Typical",
Upper looper 18WF3-009//5-1-2-3 (3.15) "Typical",
Shuttle device HSH-7.94ATR,
Textrop belt for PShM MN-40A,
Set: worm + worm wheel B113 + B147 "Typical",
Foot for BShM art.40986Х6 1/8" 3mm,
Spool plastic 15mm,
Foot for PShM 1022 cl. with stitching limiter 02mm right-hand.,
Fluorine foot art. Т69L 1/4,
Needles ORGAN 134-35R No. 70/10 (pack of 10 pieces),
PShM "Typical" GC 6170 (head),
Contactor for SPR/MN 2075, SPR/MN 2005E TY KNT 3TG,
Household overlock "Janome T-34/210D" 3/4-x thread,
Electric drive "Typical" 380V/400W-4P low-speed,
Needle plate E982//GN79-5(6.27) "Typical",
Shuttle device HSH 7.94 BTR,
O-ring 124Т3-003С2/6150 (3.10) "Typical",
Foot for BShM art. CY-723L with limiter Tai,
KAZ device for edging,
Spool MH 55623 S,
Foot for PShM art. 120806 1/4",
Duplicating press LASTAR DY-450 continuous,
Sleeve cushion 621 Stirovar,
BShM "Janome 1108",
PShM "Typical" GC 6240 M (head),
Needle plate E809(E919)//GN79-4 "Typical",
Looper holder 18WF3-006//5-1-2-3-4 (3.10) "Typical",
Needle holder 58Т3-001А9В1/6220М/6220В/20201 (6.4 mm) (5.19) "Typical",
Textrop belt for PShM MN-33V,
Sintering needle for ZK-110-3 and C-D/110 diameter 1.6mm,
Foot for BShM art. CY-705L for Tai zippers,
Spool for BShM MN V-01,
Presser foot SP 18L 3/32 (2.4mm) for stitching,
PShM "Typical" GК 31030-12 (head),
Electrical cable 20.30.07,
Household overlocker "Janome 204D/205D/ML754" 3/4-x thread,
PShM "Typical" GP 5-1 (head),
Saber knife 6E-HSS,
Needle holder 88Т5-005/33-5 (8.39) "Typical",
Looper 204 072 732 38 left,
Shuttle device HSH 21-40 (862, 852 cells) KAZ,
Textrop belt for BShM L-315 (Poland),
Industrial oil for sewing machines I-20 OIL RIGHT (pack of 5 liters),
Foot for BSM art.CY-720L zigzag 5mm Tai,
Device S-123-3 1-9/16" 3-fold,
Spool for BShM on Veritas,
Foot sole FLUOR art. T36СWВ - 16 mm,
PShM "Typical" GT 670-01 loop (set),
Fork 20.40.56,
PShM "Typical" GC 6150 N (head),
Reciprocating knife MN 0352-5205 9",
Needle plate 027100004/6160(1.37) "Typical",
Knife 029800024//6170 (8.39) "Typical",
Shuttle device HSH 7.94 A,
Textrop belt for PShM MN-44V,
Foot for BShM art. CY-709 for left-hand zippers Tai,
Foot for PShM "Typical" transporting 6-7D (6.52),
Presser feet MH 0350-5001 0350-5001,
Needles for PShM "Lammertz" DPx5 (134R) No. 080 (pack of 10 pieces),
PShM "Typical" TW1-0602L25 (head + table),
Tank for steam generator SPR/MN 2035,
Electric drive "Typical" 220V/400W-2P high-speed,
Reciprocating knife MN 0352-5205 8",
Upper knife KR23//GN79(13.11)"Typical",
Looper for button PShM 373kl,
Belt for BShM 350mm textrop,
Thread tension regulator,
Foot for BShM art.40986Х6 1/4" 5mm,
Presser foot for PShM art. 120828, welding,
Teflon foot P351T,
Cushion sleeve 992 Stirovap,
Steam brush microswitch R3832,
Heating element (heating element) for steam generator 2005E SYKR2250EXX,
Electric drive "Typical" 220V/400W-2P low-speed,
Blade HSS 9" (BS-Germany),
Needle plate E809//GN79-4 "Typical",
Upper spreader 43Т3-001 А1/31030 (5.22) "Typical",
Shuttle device YZH-LB(814) (DP2-LB) for Brother LH4-B814 (gold base),
Bobbin holder 3 threads. with "Typical" stand,
Foot for BShM art. CY-717L hemming Tai,
Spool 55623S,
Foot for PShM art. 211L-NF,
PShM "Typical" GT 680-011 (set),
Iron mat RSTBASE-2000 (on SuperMini-2000) "Silter" SYUDZ25XX,
Steamer brush art.018/3 without connector,
Table "Typical" for PShM GK 31030,
Replaceable disc knife art. KM (RS-100) 8-sided,
Gear rack 149165,
Shuttle device HSM-A,
Textrop belt for PShM MN-35A,
Pulley for motor 80 mm,
Embroidery foot for BSM art.CY-701 Tai,
Bobbin case MN for BShM,
Foot for PShM art. N6010 3.2 mm (LSP-712120-04/1.8) with switch,
ORGAN DАх1 needles No. 80/12 (pack of 10 pieces),
PShM "Typical" GC 24660 (head + table),
Solenoid valve S/6000 without regulation: CD 372/6000,
PShM "Typical" GC 6240 V (head),
Needle plate for Juki with fabric motor non-stop,
Shuttle device YZH-7.94BTR (HSH 7.94BTR),
Belt for BShM 315mm textrop,
Brush for CMM,
Foot for BShM CY-722L,
Device S-124С 5/16" 8mm (16mm x 8mm) 2-fold,
Spool for PShM MN V-04 class 25, 97, 1022,
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" 134LR No. 090/14 (pack of 20 pieces),
Table "Typical" for industrial overlocking, recessed GN79,
Sleeve cushion 418 Stirovar,
Switch 31432101 for Silter TYKA01XX for steam generator 2000,
PShM "Typical" GC 6-7 D (head),
Cutting tape VK-1200 45x10x4560mm for the VK and S-B2 series,
Needle plate B-1109-415-НО JUKI SPK,
Needle guard 197480010//GK321-4 "Typical",
Shuttle device //6-7D(3.20) "Typical",
Flat belt B96939990 (141711-001)//670 (Z1.22) "Typical",
Lever screw,
Foot for BShM art. CY-702 merging Tai,
Bobbin case MN 0350-1001 BC-DBI,
Presser foot for PShM art. 120828N, welding,
ORGAN DPх17 needles No. 90 (pack of 10 pieces),
Needles for PShM "TRIUMPH" DCx1 No. 070/10 (pack of 20 pieces),
Steam generator 370 2l Stirovar with iron 180A,
Fabric cover for ironing table 2101 Silter,
Thermostat 4.16.030,
PShM "Typical" GC 6-7 (head),
Disc knife RS-232-HSS "Golden Eagle" for DF-8-1,
Needle plate 155340001/2000-4 (P34.1) "Typical",
Gear rack for D-1609-415-HOO Juki,
Shuttle device YZH-275-20 (HSH-12-MC)
Just out of stock and not available to order. We apologize for the inconvenience.