Track fitter on the railway. Profession track fitter

1. What is the name of your profession (position)?

My profession is called a track fitter or, in common parlance, a traveler.

2. What is your job and what are your responsibilities?

My job is to maintain the railway track in working order. My responsibilities include: changing rails, changing sleepers, altering, repairing crosspieces, turning rails, straightening rail threads, straightening sleepers.

3. What education is required to obtain your position?

To obtain an education as a lineman, you must complete railway College, or institute.

4. Describe your work day.

My working day runs from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., with a lunch break from 1 p.m. to 2 p.m.

5. How comfortable are your working conditions (all day on the street, or in the office with a cup of coffee)?

The work is difficult - all day outside in the sun.

6. What do you like most about your business?

In my business, I like the result, I am proud of the work done and do not back down from difficulties.

7. What do you dislike most about your business?

I don’t like being outside for a long time in any weather: snow, rain, heat.

8. If it’s not a secret, what is your salary level (is it enough to write whether you’re satisfied or not)?

My wage I'm quite happy with it.

9. Describe your team, what people work with you?

My team is excellent; I work with both senior employees and young student interns.

10. What human qualities in your opinion, are the most important in your business?

In this work, such qualities as perseverance, hard work and focus on results are important, and physical strength is also important.

11. Work gives me additional opportunities (here is everything that work gives you except money, self-expression and communication with interesting people to the opportunity to visit different countries).

At work, every year they give me tickets for my family to travel anywhere in Russia.

12. You have the opportunity to rate your work on a five-point scale, what rating would you give?

I give this work a five rating, because everything in it suits me, and the little things that are there are not so important.

13. Why did you choose this job?

I chose this job on the advice of my parents, and the railway is big, you can always get a job and it has existed for a long time, so I won’t be left without work.

14. What opportunities exist for your career advancement?

Eat career: at first this is an increase in ranks from 2 to 5, then they are promoted to foreman, then to foreman, then senior foreman, then comes the management team: deputy inverter, track engineers, inverter.

I would like that in the question about vacancies you would include a question about what tools and machines you have to work with. For example, in my work: this is a sledgehammer, a crowbar, a paw for pulling out crutches, a modernon - a device for moving on rails, sleeper tampers, an autonomous power plant.

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I APPROVED
Deputy Head
Department of Ways and
structures of the Ministry of Railways of Russia
V.N.Ermakov
October 2, 2000

Introduction

One of the reasons for the increase in occupational injuries is fatigue, which occurs as a result of performing work with insufficient time for rest.

A prerequisite for the development of fatigue can be a deterioration in a person’s thermal state, which depends on the severity of the work performed and the ambient temperature. The harder the work and the higher the air temperature, the faster fatigue develops.

The development of rational work and rest regimes for track fitters is an urgent task. This category of workers is characterized by performing work in the open air, while trains are moving; among them it is noted high level industrial injuries in railway transport.

Currently, there are documents on determining the necessary time for rest depending on the severity of work and temperature conditions, in particular Methodological recommendations for determining the necessary time for rest during physical work in conditions of comfortable, elevated and high temperatures air (1980). However, they present generalized data, without taking into account the specifics of the work of track fitters, especially during train movement.

This document evaluates most track works by severity, the work and rest regimes for track fitters are set out depending on the severity of work, climatic conditions and the intensity of train traffic.

1. Purpose and scope

1.1. This Regulation on the work and rest regime for track fitters during track work, depending on the intensity of train traffic, provides for determining the time for rest depending on the severity of the work performed, the outside temperature and the intensity of train traffic.

1.2. The regulations on the work and rest regime are intended for the administration of the HR and PMS, sanitary and epidemiological surveillance centers, and standard setters.

1.3. The provision should be used by the administration of the HR and PMS to calculate the required time for rest during specific types track works and in the development of track technically justified time standards to take into account work on the current maintenance of the track.

2. General provisions

2.1. The enterprise administration must create appropriate conditions for the safe performance of work, the introduction of mechanization, advanced safe technologies in order to reduce the number of heavy and very heavy work.

2.2. When planning and distributing tasks, scope of work and drawing up technological process schedules, it is necessary to take into account the regulations for the implementation of all safety measures in accordance with current rules and instructions.

2.3. The administration of enterprises is obliged to provide workers required time to rest.

2.4. Rest time must be included in working hours.

2.5. In accordance with the intersectoral methodological recommendations “Determination of time standards for rest and personal needs” (1982), track fitters, regardless of the type of work, must allocate 10 minutes for personal needs (wash, get drunk, go to the toilet, etc.). Where public areas are located at a distance, time for personal needs increases to 15 minutes per shift.

3. Determination of the required rest time during physical work in the warm season, depending on the intensity of train traffic

3.1. According to experimental data, the required time for rest at air temperatures not exceeding +25°C should be when performing easy work 2 minutes, moderate work - 5 minutes, heavy work - 12 minutes, very hard work - 24 minutes for every hour of working time. (The distribution of work by severity category is presented in the appendix to these Regulations).

3.2. The required rest time at air temperatures above +25°C should be 3 minutes for light work, 9 minutes for moderate work, 20 minutes for heavy work, 35 minutes for very hard work for every hour of working time.

3.3. When the train approaches the work site, the fitters must remove the tool and step off the track to the nearest side of the roadbed at a distance of at least 2 m from the outer rail in accordance with Standard instructions on labor protection for track fitters.

3.4. The time the track linemen spend on the side of the road when a train passes is forced rest time.

3.5. The forced rest time for track linemen when passing one train is assumed to be on average 1 minute, when passing two trains - 2 minutes, etc.

3.6. The time of forced rest is taken into account when calculating the physiologically necessary time for rest when performing physical work.

3.7. When performing light work and the number of trains is from one or more per hour, when performing moderate work at an air temperature not exceeding +25 ° C and the number of trains from three or more per hour when the air temperature is above + 25 ° C and the number of trains from five or more more than per hour, as well as when performing hard work at an air temperature not higher than +25°C and the number of trains is nine or more per hour, the necessary rest time is compensated by forced rest when trains pass.

3.8. When the traffic intensity is more than 12 trains per hour, calculation of time for rest is not required, since performing heavy and very heavy work is ineffective and dangerous to life, and when performing light and moderate work, forced rest by missing trains is sufficient. Therefore, the calculation of the required rest time should begin with an intensity of 12 trains per hour or less.

3.9. The required rest time when performing physical work, depending on the intensity of train traffic, is presented in Table 3.1.

3.10. The necessary rest time should be provided when performing light work at the end of each hour of work; when performing moderate, heavy and very heavy work, rest time should be distributed evenly, i.e. at the end of each half hour, provide half of the rest time allotted for each hour of work. For example, when performing heavy work at an air temperature above +25°C in the absence of trains, a 20-minute rest is required. In this case, you should alternate 20-minute periods of work with 10-minute rest breaks for every hour of working time.

Table 3.1

Notes 1. It is advisable to transfer heavy and especially heavy work that requires rest during the warm period of the year about 50% of the working time to a cooler time of day.

2. Carrying out work at an air temperature of +35°C and above and a relative humidity of 100%, as well as at an air temperature of +45°C and above and any humidity is dangerous to health and life and may be permitted with the special permission of health authorities (inter-industry guidelines "Determination of time standards for rest and personal needs" Research Institute of Labor of the USSR State Committee for Labor and social issues, Moscow, 1982).

4. Determination of the required rest time during physical work during the cold season, depending on the intensity of train traffic

4.1. During the cold period of the year, the required rest time for light work should be 2 minutes, moderate work - 5 minutes, heavy work - 12 minutes, very hard work - 24 minutes for every hour of working time.

4.2. During the cold period of the year, when performing work outdoors, time must be provided for heating to restore the thermal balance of the body of workers in accordance with the Instructions for taking into account the regulatory requirements of the scientific organization of labor when designing new and reconstruction operating enterprises railway transport, development technological processes and equipment of the USSR Ministry of Railways (approved 12/28/79).

4.3. When the wind speed is up to 5 m/s and the outside air temperature is above - 15°C, there is no time for heating; only the necessary rest time is taken into account.

4.4. At a wind speed of up to 5 m/s and an air temperature of -15...-35°С or at a wind speed of more than 5 m/s and an air temperature of -5...-35°С when performing light work, moderate work and during heavy periods, the required rest time is less than the required time for heating and therefore it is turned on during the heating time; When performing very hard work, the time required for heating is less than the necessary time for rest and it is included in the time for rest.

4.5. At wind speeds of up to 5 m/s, the time for rest and heating should correspond to the values ​​given in Table 4.1.

4.6. When the wind speed is more than 5 m/s, the time for rest and heating should correspond to the values ​​​​given in Table 4.2.

Table 4.1

Table 4.2

Notes 1. At an air temperature of -25°C and below and a wind of 8...10 m/s or a temperature of -30...-40°C and a wind of more than 5 m/s, as well as at an air temperature below -40°C and calm weather, it is recommended to stop working outdoors due to the severity of the weather. Selected species work may only be permitted in agreement with health authorities (intersectoral methodological recommendations “Determination of time standards for rest and personal needs”, Labor Research Institute of the USSR State Committee for Labor and Social Issues, Moscow, 1982).

2. For heating, premises should be provided no further than 150 m from the work front in accordance with the Instructions for the design of auxiliary buildings and premises of railway transport enterprises VSN.

AGREED
Deputy Chief
state sanitary
doctor on railway transport
Yu.N.Nedomerkov
August 2, 2000

Application. Approximate list of travel works by severity categories

Application

Light work

1. Measuring work.

2. The work of signallers.

Medium heavy work

1. Adjusting the track width at the turnout using a tensioning device.

2. Adjust the fit of the tip to the frame rail using adjusting plates.

3. Finishing the crutches.

4. Cleaning the turnout shoes from snow (broom).

5. Loading and unloading rails of all types with a length of 12.5 m using the DGK trolley crane.

6. Change of butt bolts (single).

7. Fastening horizontal and vertical bolts on turnouts.

8. Change of butt plates (single).

9. Change of insulating gaskets in the insulating joint.

10. Changing the rubber (insulating) gaskets under the pads when fastening the CB (single).

11. Single change of wit earring.

12. Adjusting the width of the rail track with separate fastening using a template.

13. Transportation of metal parts on a single-rail trolley.

14. Drilling bolt holes in the rails with an electric rail drilling machine.

15. Cleaning turnouts from snow using pneumatic blowers.

16. Cleaning centralized turnouts from dirt and debris.

17. Cleaning paths from dirt and debris.

18. Numbering of rail links along the way.

19. Painting of track and signal signs.

20. Painting the posts at the crossing.

21. Lubricating turnouts.

22. Cleaning rails and fastenings from dirt and fuel oil.

23. Weeding station tracks to remove grass.

24. Single change of terminal bolts, screws, crutches.

Hard work

1. Alignment of the switch to the level by tamping the beams with electric sleepers.

2. Changing metal pads with separate fastening (single).

3. Adjustment of joint gaps using a hydraulic spreading device.

4. Straightening the track by continuously tamping the sleepers with electric sleeper tampers.

5. Digging out sleeper boxes to the bottom of the sleepers.

6. Tightening the nuts of the butt bolts using hand-held travel wrenches.

7. Tightening the nuts of the terminal and mounting bolts with socket wrenches.

8. Tightening the track screws with socket wrenches.

9. Changing the frame rail with the point and shoes (half-arrows) of the turnout.

10. Carrying crushed stone ballast on a stretcher.

11. Cutting, screening and throwing crushed stone ballast into the path.

12. Replacement of contaminated ballast up to the bottom of the sleepers.

13. Replacement of individual metal parts of the turnout (crosspiece, point, counter rail, etc.).

14. Remaking the rail track on the track and at the turnout.

15. Removing side roll (burrs) from rails and metal parts of switches using rail grinding machines.

16. Cutting rails with an electric rail cutting machine.

17. Transportation of P65 type rails with a length of 12.5 m using removable portal cranes.

18. Single change of reinforced concrete sleepers to wooden ones.

19. Change of transfer bars (single) of the switch.

20. Transportation of wooden sleepers on a traveling trolley.

21. Transportation of beams on a traveling trolley.

22. Single rail change.

23. Cutting out a severely defective rail.

24. Single change of wooden sleepers.

25. Lubricating terminal and mounting bolts with their loosening and tightening.

26. Laying, replacing or removing heave linings.

27. Cleaning wooden sleepers from snow.

28. Cleaning the ends of wooden sleepers, beams or intermediate places of beams from snow.

29. Layout of crushed stone ballast after cutting.

Very hard work

1. Unloading beams from the gondola car.

2. Laying old wooden sleepers in piles.

3. Dismantling the moving deck.

4. Complete change of rails.

5. Continuous change of wooden sleepers.

6. Continuous replacement of wooden beams on turnouts.

7. Complete replacement of metal parts of the turnout.