Presentation on the topic of Christmas tree decorations. Presentation for older preschoolers "The history of New Year's Christmas tree toys" presentation for a lesson on the world around us (preparatory group) on the topic
Slide 1
Completed by an 11th grade student of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2 in Pechora, Maria Kaneva
History of Soviet New Year's toys.
Slide 2
A little from the history of the New Year in the USSR...
At the dawn of formation Soviet Union(in 1927) as part of an anti-religious campaign, the Bolsheviks banned the Christmas tree and Christmas tree decorations. “Only he who is a friend of the priests is ready to celebrate the Christmas tree.” (Propaganda slogan of the 1920s) “The guys are being deceived that Santa Claus brought them gifts. The religiosity of the children begins with the Christmas tree. The ruling exploiting classes also use the “cute” Christmas tree and the “kind” Santa Claus in order to make obedient and patient servants of capital out of the working people.” (“Materials for anti-religious propaganda during Christmas”, 1927)
Slide 3
New Year traditions returned only in 1935. From a letter from a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Pavel Postyshev, published by the newspaper Pravda on December 28, 1935: “In pre-revolutionary times, the bourgeoisie and officials of the bourgeoisie always arranged for New Year a Christmas tree for your children. The children of the workers looked through the window with envy at the Christmas tree sparkling with multi-colored lights and the children of the rich having fun around it. Why do our schools, orphanages, nurseries, children's clubs, palaces of pioneers deprive the working children of the Soviet country of this wonderful pleasure? Some, none other than “left” benders, glorified this children's entertainment like a bourgeois idea. This wrongful condemnation of the Christmas tree, which is a wonderful entertainment for children, must come to an end. Let’s organize a fun New Year’s Eve for children, let’s arrange a good Soviet Christmas tree in all cities and collective farms.”
Slide 4
That same year in November, Stalin, at the first congress of Stakhanovites, said his famous phrase: “Life has become better, life has become more fun, comrades!” In general, the Christmas tree, which was so unexpectedly allowed, became confirmation happy life proletariat, joyful childhood, as well as school uniforms (girls began to wear white aprons and brown dresses to school, and boys - blue suits) and many other seemingly insignificant details.
Slide 5
Soviet New Year's toys.
In the 1930s and 1940s, New Year trees were decorated with homemade or handicraft toys purchased at the market. In schools and kindergartens, children learned to make New Year's decorations from cotton wool, cardboard, papier-mâché, cut out paper garlands, and assemble structures from tubes and bugles on wire.
Slide 6
Factory-made jewelry at that time was a luxury item and a great rarity, but their mass production was gradually being established. The Moskabel plant was one of the first to establish serial production of New Year's toys made of wire.
Slide 7
Using New Year's toys from the times of the USSR, you can literally study the history of our country. Children figurines, fairy tale characters, clowns, ballerinas, strange birds and animals, fruits and vegetables, of course, remained from pre-revolutionary times.
But the angels were replaced by bright symbols of the Soviet era: balls with a hammer and sickle, “ruby” stars, athletes and pioneers with red flags, Budenovites, Red Army soldiers, women in padded jackets and scarlet headscarves.
Slide 8
In addition to patriotic propaganda symbols, “classic stories” from school curriculum: Ivan Tsarevich, Mistress Copper Mountain, Ruslan and Lyudmila, Brother Rabbit and Brother Fox, Little Red Riding Hood, Puss in Boots, Crocodile with Totosha and Kokosha, Doctor Aibolit.
Slide 9
With the release of the film “The Circus” (in 1936), circus-themed figures became popular: clowns, tigers, trained dogs, other animals, illusionists, fakirs and entertainers.
Slide 10
The development of the North was marked by the appearance of figures of polar explorers.
A separate theme in the history of the Soviet New Year's toy is the theme of the war in Spain. In 1938, a glass ball was released containing two planes, one of which was diving the other.
Slide 11
The era of aeronautics also found its worthy reflection in Christmas tree decorations in the form of airships, airplanes, parachutes and parachutists with the inscription “USSR”.
Slide 12
During Soviet times, the “image” of the Soviet Father Frost was also developed. Our Father Frost began to resemble the bourgeois Santa Claus only with a gray beard, fur clothes and a red bag of gifts. Otherwise, the Soviet Father Frost does not look like a plump gnome, he is a tall, mature hero. Father Frost's fur coat, unlike Santa Claus's, goes down to his toes and is girded not with a belt, but with a sash. On his head, Santa Claus has a hat with an even edge without any tassels or pompoms. The hands are in huge mittens, and the feet are wearing either red boots or “patriotic” felt boots.
And Father Frost arrives not on reindeer, but on a Russian troika... And not alone, but with a charming young lady - Snegurochka, who has no analogues in any country.
Slide 13
During the Great Patriotic War(in 1941-1945) decorating the New Year tree was mandatory - it reminded the soldiers of peaceful life, gave strength and hope for a quick victory. At the same time, at the fronts, the Christmas trees were decorated with figurines made from shoulder straps, bandages, and socks. Factories also continued to produce New Year's toys, albeit in limited editions. “Military” Christmas trees were decorated with “soldiers”, “tanks”, “Stalin’s armored cars”, “pistols”, “orderly dogs”, and on New Year’s greeting cards During the Second World War, Santa Claus beat the Nazis...
In the 1960s, “cobs of corn” and “sheaves of wheat” were hung on Christmas trees.
Slide 17
Since nothing “monumental” has happened in the history of the Soviet Union since Brezhnev times, there are significantly fewer themed toys. New Year decoration gradually became more abstract. In addition, with the advent of fashion for minimalism and avant-garde, Christmas tree decorations have become simpler. The figures became more and more rounded, and the paintings became simpler.
Tatiana Petrenko
Presentation “Christmas tree toys”
Project "Christmas toys»
for 2nd junior group.
Relevance of the project:
The project is aimed at expanding children's knowledge about objective world. Also relevant is the problem of interaction between preschool teachers and parents of pupils, their involvement in the life of the kindergarten and group.
Only by joining forces will we provide excellent conditions for the education of morality, feelings of love and affection for our culture, our people through reasonable, rational use national holidays based on folklore, creativity, traditions and customs.
Objective of the project: Introduction to culture New Year's holiday, its traditions; development of an artistic and aesthetic attitude to the surrounding reality, enrichment of children's impressions.
Tasks:
1. Introduce the variety of New Year's toys and the tradition of decorating the New Year tree.
2. Development of artistic and aesthetic abilities, skills and abilities of productive activities.
3. Promote interaction between children and parents in making and collecting New Year’s items toys.
From the history of the Christmas tree toys.
(information for children of a cognitive nature)
How and where they first appeared Christmas decorations- history is silent. We only know that at first they were very, very simple, but gradually became more complex and interesting.
Previously, the Christmas tree was decorated "edible decorations"- apples, waffles, nuts in gold pieces, other fruits and sweets, honey gingerbread. And only then the first ones appear "inedible" Christmas decorations.
The first Christmas trees in Rus' toys were not made of glass, as, presumably, in other countries, and from scrap materials - rags, straw, colored ribbons, and later from paper and foil. There were even special workshops that did this.
Also in our country, cotton wool was produced toys. The basis for the figurine of the cotton man was a wire frame wrapped in cotton wool. Eyes, eyebrows and nose were painted with a brush, and cheeks were painted with a cotton swab. The suit was cut out of white or pre-dyed cotton wool. The finished figurine was covered with glue. Large figures, usually depicting Father Frost and the Snow Maiden, were placed under the Christmas tree.
Publications on the topic:
Presentation “Do-it-yourself toys for kids” (early age) Dear colleagues! Childhood is a time of a variety of games that develop a child and help him understand the world. Any.
Abstract of OD on educational field“Artistic and aesthetic development.” Age group: 2nd junior group. Topic: “Christmas tree toys.”
Presentation on mastering multimedia “My first presentation” 1 slide - title My first presentation “It is not the strongest and not the smartest who survive, but the one who best responds to what is happening.
Open lesson on testoplasty in the second junior group “Christmas tree toys” Open lesson on testoplasty in the second younger group. Topic: “Christmas tree decorations” Program content: 1) Consolidate and expand knowledge.
Presentation “Do-it-yourself toys for developing fine motor skills”! Municipal budget preschool educational institution « Kindergarten combined type No. 40 “Sun” Presentation “Toys.
Presentation of the project “Games and toys of the indigenous peoples of the North” In order for a child to become truly inquisitive and strive to acquire new knowledge on his own, and not under coercion, it is extremely important.
Presentation of the “My Toys” project in the first junior group It is very important to teach your child to properly store his toys in a specially designated place from early childhood. Needs to be addressed.
"From the history
New Year's toys"
Everything has its own history. Even New Year's toys. The New Year began to be celebrated only in 1700 by decree of Peter 1. In Rus', the New Year's tree was decorated with edible toys. The custom of decorating a Christmas tree with factory-made New Year's products appeared in Russia only in 1817. The most popular at that time were cardboard toys and products. But in 1918, the winter holiday was erased from the life of the country. Everything returned to normal only in 1935, the New Year was rehabilitated. After the New Year was rehabilitated in Russia, New Year's tree decorations also changed. Figures of children, clowns, ballerinas, birds, animals, fruits and vegetables remain. But figures of pioneers and Red Army soldiers appeared. Star-shaped pendant toys with a hammer and sickle and balls with stars appeared. That's how the New Year came to us, with Christmas tree decorations, lights and fireworks, winter children's fun - sleds, skis, ice skates, Santa Claus and gifts...
1. http://www.obstanovka.com/post/7945
2. http://www.liveinternet.ru/users/4408052/post250745106/
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Slide captions:
history of Christmas toys
How did Christmas tree decorations come about? In the distant past, all Christmas tree decorations were edible - waffle and sugar figures, nuts, fruits and vegetables, sweets.
How Christmas tree decorations appeared. Toys were also made from rags, straw and colored ribbons.
How Christmas tree decorations appeared In the 18th century, colorful paper flowers and angels appeared. They gilded nuts and cones, painted eggshells, and wove chains.
How Christmas tree decorations appeared At the beginning of the 20th century, Christmas trees were decorated with cotton toys and paper garlands. Cotton toys were made from twisted pressed cotton, which was wound onto skeletal frames in the shape of animals and people. The painted blanks were covered with starch paste with mica, which made them hard and slightly shiny.
How Christmas tree decorations arose By the middle of the 20th century, the range of Christmas tree decorations became very rich, although they were made from less effective materials than today. But a lot of imagination was invested in them. Various birds and animals were stamped from silver-plated cardboard.
How Christmas tree decorations arose In the second half of the 20th century, the first Christmas balls made of transparent or colored glass. Silver and gold dust were used to paint Christmas tree decorations. Each toy was made by hand.
How Christmas tree decorations came about The imagination of glassblowers knew no bounds: they made birds, Santa Clauses, bunches of grapes, as well as all sorts of little things - anyone could think of anything: jugs, pipes, in which you could even blow the whistle. Christmas tree decorations changed depending on fashion.
How Christmas tree decorations came about. Toys depicting technology were produced.
How did Christmas tree decorations appear in the form of vegetables and fruits?
How Christmas decorations appeared in the form of space satellites and astronauts
How did Christmas tree decorations in the form of Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden come about?
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
The history of the New Year's toy
This presentation is intended for students in grades 3-4. It shows in detail the process of making Christmas tree decorations, using many photographs....
New Year's toy "Ball" (step by step drawing)
Step-by-step drawing of the New Year's toy "Ball". Resource for art lessons and extracurricular activities. This resource can be used for individual, group and collective work....
The history of the appearance of New Year's toys Completed by: Lidiya Litovchenko, student of class 6 “A” of the Irkutsk Municipal Budget Educational Institution Secondary School No. 77 Supervisor: E. O. Konstantinova.
Project goal: Find out the history of the appearance of New Year's toys in different historical periods
Objectives: Find out what the first toys were in Russia. Learn how New Year's toys were made. Determine when the tradition of decorating the New Year tree began.
The history of the emergence of the New Year tradition In ancient times, the Celtic peoples had a custom of worshiping natural forces. It was believed that living nature was inhabited by various supernatural creatures, and in order to receive their help, it was necessary to make sacrifices, thus proving one’s respect. They believed that spirits lived in the branches of trees, the location of which determined the harvest and fertility.
The first toys So, the first Christmas tree decorations were exclusively edible. These included apples, potatoes, eggs, nuts, waffles, gingerbread, figured sugar and candy. This is no coincidence. All edible decorations meant something.
The history of the appearance of the New Year's ball According to legend, there was once a lean year, and there were few apples. Then glassblowers from the town of Lauscha in Thuringia in 1848 proposed a temporary replacement for this fruit. There the first glass balls were made from transparent and colored glass. They immediately won hearts, so that very soon their production became a massive and profitable business. A decree was issued on the use of silver balls from Lausha as Christmas decorations.
New Year in Russia In Russia, the custom of celebrating the New Year on the night from December 31 to January 1 was introduced by Peter I, and he also ordered that the spruce become the symbol of the New Year.
Variety of New Year's toys
Museum of Christmas Tree Decorations On September 18, 2008, the unique, only in Russia Museum of Christmas Tree Decorations - “Klinskoe Compound” - opened! "Klin Compound" is a museum of Christmas tree decorations in the town of Klin near Moscow. This museum is young and so far the only one in Russia. The museum is located in a nice modern mansion.
Have you ever seen such Christmas trees?
Conclusion Having studied the literature on this issue, I came to the conclusion that initially New Year's toys were not the same as they are now. During the research, I studied the history of the emergence of the tradition of decorating a Christmas tree and the process of making Christmas tree decorations. All the tasks I set were completed.
References Andreeva E.L. Christmas decorations. [ Electronic resource] Museum of Christmas decorations “Klinskoye Compound”. Date of visit: 01/10/2013. Time: 14.41. Access mode: http://www.klinvk.ru/history.html. Zhdanova L.I. Christmas tree decorations. Do it yourself. – M.: Khatber-press, 2007 – 265 p. Elizarova E.M. [Electronic resource] Educational magazine School of Life. RU. Date of visit: 02/12/2013. Time: 10.35. Access mode: http://shkolazhizni.ru/archive/0/n-32853/. Salnikova A.A. The history of Christmas tree toys. – M.: New Literary Review, 2011 – 384 p. The history of the New Year's toy. [Electronic resource] KostromaMa. RU. Date of visit: 01/14/2013. Time: 11/12. Access mode: http://www.kostromama.ru/articles/holidays/article/Istoriia_novogodneii_igruschki.html
