Modular lesson "Russian mechanical engineering complex. Presentation "mechanical engineering"

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UE-0. Goal: to gain knowledge about the MSK of Russia LESSON PLAN: The meaning of the MSK of Russia. The main task of MSC and ways to solve it. Industry composition of MSC of Russia. Placement factors machine-building enterprises.

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UE-1. Goal: to determine the meaning of MSC of Russia 1. Find the definition of “MSK”, read it carefully and write it down in a notebook. Sources: textbook, p. 70. The machine-building complex is a collection of industries that produce a variety of machines. motor ship tower crane ammeter paver aerosatellite gas key drilling machine seeder distiller car hydraulic turbine refrigerator

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3. Prove that MSC enterprises are connected with other inter-industry complexes. Indicate what products they exchange. UE-1. Goal: determine the meaning of the Russian MSK

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1. What is the main task of MSK in the Russian economy? UE-2. Goal: determine the main task of MSC and find ways to solve it 3. What is conversion? Providing societies with new, more advanced machines Conversion (Latin conversio - “change”) is a translation defense complex for the production of peaceful products

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Placement factors: science intensity; labor intensity; metal intensity (raw material factor); specialization and cooperation; transport factor; consumer orientation factor UE-4. Goal: to understand the factors of location of machine-building enterprises. What is production specialization? What is production cooperation? Specialization is the production at enterprises (in a workshop) of any one product, individual parts and components, services. Cooperation is an association of specialized enterprises to produce finished products

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Location factors and geography of mechanical engineering UE-4. Goal: to know the factors of location of mechanical engineering enterprises Branches of mechanical engineering Factors of location Examples of districts and centers (at least 3) Power engineering Automotive industry Machine tool industry and tool industry Agricultural engineering

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Location factors and geography of mechanical engineering UE-4. Goal: to understand the factors of location of machine-building enterprises Branches of mechanical engineering Location factors Examples of districts and centers (at least 3) Power engineering Metal intensity, consumer orientation Biysk Barnaul Ekaterinburg Automotive industry Specialization and cooperation Ulyanovsk Togliatti St. Petersburg Machine tool industry and tool industry Labor intensity Ulyanovsk Saratov Kirov Agricultural machinery construction Orientation per consumer Rostov-on-Don Kurgan Tula

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Group work UE-5. Goal: to show skills in working with maps and deepen knowledge about MSK of Russia Task No. 1 1. On the contour map, indicate the centers of heavy engineering:  Yekaterinburg (“Uralmash”),  Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk (heavy excavator factories),  Novosibirsk (production of heavy machine tools , forging and pressing equipment, turbogenerators), Barnaul (production of steam boilers). 2. Based on a comparison of maps (think of which ones!), determine which factor has the leading influence on the location of heavy engineering factories in the indicated centers. 3. In mechanical engineering, the consumption of raw materials per 1 ton of finished product is on average 1.3 - 1.5 tons, and the costs of transporting any machine are much higher than the costs of transporting the metal used for its production. If you had to design the location of heavy engineering plants, what adjustments would you make to the existing location? Task No. 2 1. On the contour map, indicate the following centers of the automotive industry: production of trucks - Bryansk, Ulyanovsk, Moscow, Naberezhnye Chelny, Miass; production passenger cars– Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Izhevsk, Togliatti. 2. Compare the location of production of trucks and cars. What conclusion can you draw from this comparison? 3. Almost everything large factories car production is concentrated in the European part of Russia. How can you explain this?

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1. MSK is a set of industries: a) using a variety of machines; b) producing a variety of machines; c) carrying out repairs and design of machines. 2. For all branches of mechanical engineering important factor placements are (are): a) highly qualified personnel; b) transport routes; c) consumer. 3. Establish compliance: Mechanical engineering industry: 1. Heavy engineering; 2. Automotive industry; 3. Agricultural engineering; The main principle of location: a) proximity to the metallurgical base; b) consumer proximity; c) the presence of transport routes. 4. Establish correspondence: Mechanical engineering industry: 1. Automotive industry; 2. Heavy engineering; 3. Machine tool industry; 4. Tractor manufacturing; Centers: a) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk; b) Ekaterinburg, Novokuznetsk, Abakan; c) Togliatti, Ulyanovsk, Nizhny Novgorod; d) Volgograd, Chelyabinsk, Vladimir. 5. Machine-building factories Russia are located: A) in all economic regions; B) only in the west of the country; C) mainly in Central Russia. UE-6. Goal: self-control

Lesson objectives: Determine the significance and role of the Russian mechanical engineering complex. Determine the significance and role of the Russian mechanical engineering complex. Determine the main task of the MSC of the Russian Federation. Determine the main task of the MSC of the Russian Federation. Get acquainted with the industry composition of the Russian machine-building complex. Get acquainted with the industry composition of the Russian machine-building complex. To get acquainted with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises. To get acquainted with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises. To identify the features and problems of the machine-building complex of Russia. Identify the features and problems of the Russian machine-building complex.

The machine-building complex is a collection of industries that produce a variety of machines. A machine is a mechanism that does some kind of work (it is not only a car, but also a machine tool, tractor, TV, ship, computer, equipment, etc.).

The role and significance of mechanical engineering. It accounts for 36% of enterprises, 29% of workers, 15% of Russian industrial output. It accounts for 36% of enterprises, 29% of workers, 15% of Russian industrial output. Mechanical engineering products are used everywhere: in industry, agriculture, everyday life, transport, and the armed forces. Mechanical engineering products are used everywhere: in industry, agriculture, everyday life, transport, and the armed forces. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. An important function of MSC is the conversion of defense industry enterprises. An important function of MSC is the conversion of defense industry enterprises.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AGRICULTURE ELECTRIC POWER TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION COMPLEX OTHER INDUSTRIES Prove orally that MSK enterprises are connected with other intersectoral complexes. Indicate what products they exchange. TRACTORS, COMBINES, ETC. TURBINES REACTORS ETC. CARS, PLANES, DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES, LOCOMOTIVES... CRANES, ROLLERS FOR LAYING,... TVS, REFRIGERATORS,... MACHINES, DEVICES, EQUIPMENT,...

The pace of development of the country's economy; the pace of development of the country's economy; the pace of development of mechanical engineering; the pace of development of mechanical engineering; the pace of development of new and emerging branches of mechanical engineering (electronics, instrument making). the pace of development of new and emerging branches of mechanical engineering (electronics, instrument making). By the beginning of the 90s, the pace of development was not maintained: 1: 0.98: 1 124::

The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering. The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering: The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering. The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering. The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering: The following problems exist in Russian mechanical engineering. Low rates of development of mechanical engineering, the 1:2 ratio is not observed: 4. Low quality of raw materials (metals, plastics, etc.). Outdated equipment at machine-building plants, outdated technology for producing machines. Low rates of product renewal in conditions of constantly changing demand (including due to the predominance of large factories, where the transition to the production of a new model is associated with enormous difficulties). Monopolism large enterprises. Result: 1. Low quality of manufactured cars. 2. Car imports to Russia are growing faster than exports.

Lesson summary What is the mechanical engineering complex? What is the mechanical engineering complex? The meaning of the MSK The meaning of the MSK Composition of the MSK Composition of the MSK Factors in the placement of industries of the MSK Factors in the placement of industries in the MSK Problems and prospects for the development of the complex Problems and prospects for the development of the complex

HOMEWORK: § , short summary in the workbook, work according to table 24 p. 99

"Metallurgical industry" - For Fe ore reserves. Types of orientation of the Metallurgical industry. Repetition: 2. Foreign countries: 30%. For cargo flows of coal and ore. Metallurgical industry, mechanical engineering, chemical industry peace. 3. Eastern and South-East. Tied to raw material extraction areas. Ferrous metallurgy. Why? To the coal basins.

"Oil and Gas" - Hydrogen. Benzene. The main deposits of natural hydrocarbon sources in the Russian Federation. Calcination without air access at a temperature of about 1000°C. “Oil” - from the Arabic “nafta” - to flow out... Coal. Homologues of benzene and phenol. An oily, flammable liquid, brown to black in color with a peculiar odor.

“Machine-building complex” - Problems and prospects for the development of the complex. What is the mechanical engineering complex? 1:2:4. The location of mechanical engineering enterprises is influenced by a large number of factors. Factors of location of branches of the machine-building complex. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. Placement factors.

“Forestry and woodworking industry” - A) measuring fork B) measuring clamp C) measuring stick. Forestry and woodworking industry. Determining the volume of wood To determine the volume of harvested wood, use: -- Measuring clip; - measuring stick; - measuring rod; Goal: get acquainted with the structure of the forestry and woodworking industry and methods of wood harvesting; learn to determine the volume of harvested wood.

“Mechanical Engineering Technology” - The Krasnoye Sormovo plant celebrated the 100th anniversary of its birth. During the difficult years of the Great Patriotic War The technical school did not curtail its work. Motor ship. Tourist rally. Gym. In 1949 General education To the level of training in disciplines For industrial (professional) practice. The number of students increased, and the teaching staff also increased.

"Oil Companies" - Independent oil companies in Russia. Independent oil companies. Loan term: 3-5 years. Additional terms: inclusion of bank representatives on the board of directors. The main source of income is revenue from oil sales. ABZ Petroleum Investments Moscow November 2005. Financing of independent oil companies.

There are 7 presentations in total

Target for the teacher:

1. Introduce students to new terms and concepts.
2. Continue to develop students’ ideas and knowledge about the main inter-industry complexes and sectors of the Russian economy.
3. To form the student’s idea of ​​the mechanical engineering complex, its significance and role in the Russian economy, its place among other inter-industry complexes and sectors of the economy.
4. Analyze the relationship between mechanical engineering and other industries and inter-industry complexes.
5. To give an idea of ​​the complex industrial composition of mechanical engineering and the peculiarities of its distribution throughout Russia.
6. To develop the ability to analyze economic maps and justify the principles of location of machine-building enterprises of various types.
7. Identify the features and problems of the Russian machine-building complex.

Lesson equipment:

• Textbook “Geography of Russia” 9th grade (authors V.P. Dronov, I.I. Barinova, V.Ya. Rom, A.A. Lobzhanidze).
• Atlas "Population and Economy of Russia" 9th grade.
• Schemes “Industrial composition of the mechanical engineering complex of Russia”
• Table “Mechanical engineering. Specialization of economic regions."

Module plan.

1. Organizational aspects.
2. Goal Setting – UE-0.
3. Introductory conversation (identifying the student’s knowledge about MSK) – UE-1 .
4. Independent work studying with a textbook (paragraph 10) – UE-2 - definition main task MSC.
5. Getting to know the industry composition of the MSC - UE-3 .
6. Independent work studying with a textbook (paragraph 11) – UE-4 – acquaintance with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises.
7. UE-5 – identification of features of the placement of MSCs in Russia.
8. Group work – UE – 6 – deepening knowledge on the topic.
9. Discussion of work performance in groups.
10. Collective work studying under the guidance of a teacher - UE-7 - acquaintance with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.
11. Self-control – UE – 8 – checking the learned material.
12. Lesson summary. Evaluation of students' work in class.

Module on the topic “Russian mechanical engineering complex”.

1. Determine the importance of the Russian mechanical engineering complex.
2. Determine the main task of the MSC and find ways to solve it.
3. Get acquainted with the industry composition of the Russian machine-building complex.
4. Get acquainted with the factors of placement of mechanical engineering activities.
5. Identify the features of the location of the Russian machine-building complex.
6. Acquaintance with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.

Target: determine the importance of the Russian mechanical engineering complex.

Target: determine the main task of MSC and find ways to solve it.

1. Read textbook paragraph No. 10.
2. Answer the questions:
   - What is the main task of MSK in the Russian economy?
   - What conditions are necessary to complete the main task?
3. Think! What difficulties in the development of MSCs are characteristic, in your opinion, at the present stage? What is this connected with?
4. Write down the answers to the questions in your notebook.

Target: get acquainted with the industry composition of the Russian MSK.

Consider the proposed two schemes “Industrial composition of MSCs of Russia”.

2. Think! By what criteria are the branches of MSC subdivided?
3. How should the pace of development of the MSK and the entire national economy compare?
4. Which sectors within MSCs should develop most dynamically?

Target: get acquainted with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises.

1. Read paragraph 11 of the textbook.
2. Answer the questions:
   - What factors influence the placement of MSCs across Russia?
   - What is the role of various factors in the location of individual sectors of the MSK?
3. Make a list of terms related to paragraphs 10, 11. Can you define all the terms? Test yourself.
4. Fill out the table using the map of the atlas “Machine-building complex of Russia” page No. 16:

5. What are the features of the location of MSCs throughout Russia?
6. Why are there machine-building plants in all regions of Russia?
7. In what part of Russia did mechanical engineering reach highest level development? Why?

Target: to identify the features of the placement of MSCs in Russia.

Practical work.

Using the text in paragraph No. 11 of the textbook, the map of the atlas “Machine-Building Complex”, Figure 14 on page 47 of the textbook, independently complete the following tasks:

1. Which industries are classified as labor-intensive engineering?
2. Using the map, identify the centers of development of labor-intensive mechanical engineering.
3. Match placement largest centers labor-intensive mechanical engineering and the population of Russia.
4. What industries belong to metal-intensive engineering?
5. Using the map, identify the centers of development of metal-intensive mechanical engineering.
6. What is the difference between mechanical engineering in the European and Asian parts of Russia?
7. What industries belong to science-intensive mechanical engineering?
8. Name the areas in which you think will be developed knowledge-intensive industries, prove the correctness of your answer.
9. Compare maps showing the location of the mechanical engineering and ferrous metallurgy industries. Draw conclusions about the dependence in the location of these industries. Do they always match?
10. Think! Why are the machine tool, electrical and tool industries usually located in areas with skilled labor.
11. Write down in your notebook a general conclusion about the principles of location of metal-intensive, labor-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries.

Target: deepen knowledge about MSC of Russia.

Group work.

Task for group No. 1.

1. What are the features technological process typical for heavy engineering?
2. On the contour map, indicate the centers of heavy engineering:
   Ekaterinburg(Uralmash),
   Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk(heavy excavator factories),
   Novosibirsk(production of heavy machine tools, forging and pressing equipment, turbogenerators),
   Barnaul(production of steam boilers).
3. Based on map comparison ( think about what) determine which factor has the leading influence on the location of heavy engineering factories in the indicated centers.
   Keep in mind that in mechanical engineering, the consumption of raw materials per 1 ton of finished product is on average 1.3-1.5 tons, and the cost of transporting any machine is much higher than the cost of transporting the metal used for its production.
4. If you had to design the location of heavy engineering plants, what adjustments would you make to the existing location? In this regard, what prospects for the development of heavy engineering could you name?

Task for group No. 2.

1. On the contour map, indicate the following automotive manufacturing centers:
   - production of trucks – Bryansk, Ulyanovsk, Moscow, Naberezhnye Chelny, Miass.
   - production of passenger cars – Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Izhevsk, Tolyatti.
   - bus production – Likino, Pavlovo, Kurgan, Krasnodar.
2. What territorial shifts in the location of automotive manufacturing centers are currently occurring? How can you explain them?
3. Compare the location of production of trucks and cars. What conclusion can you draw from this comparison?
4. Almost all large car production plants are concentrated in the European part of Russia. How can you explain this point?

Target: get acquainted with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.

1. Study Figure 15 on page 49 “Specialization and cooperation in mechanical engineering.”
2. Try it! Formulate a definition "area specialization".
3. Consider the table “Mechanical Engineering.

Specialization of economic regions of Russia."

Table 1.

"Mechanical engineering. Specialization of economic regions of Russia."	Economic region	The most important centers	Industries of specialization
Development factors	Northern	Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Syktyvkar, Severodvinsk	Equipment for the pulp and paper industry, skidders, shipbuilding
Customer focus, metallurgy	Northwestern St. Petersburg, Novgorod,	Pskov, Tikhvin	Heavy, general, power engineering, electrical engineering, shipbuilding, radio electronics, optics, instrument making.
High scientific potential, highly qualified personnel, customer focus, metallurgy	Central Moscow,	Automotive, electrical and radio electronics, instrument making, aerospace, machine tool manufacturing, transport and agricultural engineering, defense industry	Favorable EGP, high scientific potential, highly qualified personnel, concentration of the main part of consumers, metallurgy
Central Black Earth	Voronezh, Lipetsk, Kursk, Belgorod, Tambov, Yelets, Dankov, Michurinsk, Zheleznogorsk	Radio electronics, aircraft manufacturing, instrument making, mining engineering, machine tool manufacturing, tractor manufacturing	Customer orientation (developed Agriculture), powerful metallurgy
Volgo - Vyatsky	Nizhny Novgorod, Kirov, Saransk, Cheboksary, Arzamas	Automotive industry, aircraft industry, shipbuilding, electrical engineering and radio electronics, machine tool industry, tractor industry, defense industry
North Caucasian	Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar, Taganrog, Vogodonsk, Novocherkassk, Stavropol	Agricultural engineering, energy, transport engineering	Focus on the consumer (developed agriculture), labor resources.
Povolzhsky	Samara, Saratov, Volgograd, Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Astrakhan, Togliatti, Naberezhnye Chelny, Engels	Automotive, aerospace, transport, agricultural engineering, shipbuilding, electrical engineering.	Beneficial EGP, qualified personnel, customer focus
Ural	Ekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Orsk, Perm, Ufa, Kurgan, Nizhny Tagil, Orenburg	Energy, heavy, transport and chemical engineering, automotive, defense industry	Favorable EGP, qualified personnel, developed metallurgy
West Siberian	Novosibirsk, Omsk, Barnaul, Kiselevsk, Prokopyevsk, Tomsk, Novokuznetsk, Rubtsovsk, Berdsk	Energy, mining, agricultural engineering, machine tool manufacturing, radio electronics, defense industry	Focus on the consumer, high energy supply, developed metallurgy.
East Siberian	Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Abakan, Minusinsk	Agricultural and heavy engineering, shipbuilding, carriage building.	High energy supply
Far Eastern	Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Komsomolsk-on-Amurk	Shipbuilding, machine tool building, agricultural engineering	Customer Focus

4. Compare the data from the table “Mechanical Engineering.
Specialization of economic regions of Russia" with atlas maps.
6. 5. In which areas are the most and least complete composition of MSCs. Identify geographic patterns in changes in the set of specialized industries across Russia.

Target: self-control.

Determine the level of knowledge acquired on the topic “Russian mechanical engineering complex”.

1. The mechanical engineering complex is a collection of industries
   A) using a variety of machines;
   B) producing a variety of machines;
   C) carrying out repairs and design of machines.
2. For all branches of mechanical engineering, an important placement factor is:
   A) highly qualified personnel;
   B) transport routes;
   B) consumer.

3. Match:

4. Match:

5. Machine-building plants in Russia are located:

A) in all economic regions;
B) only in the west of the country;
B) mainly in Central Russia.

Evaluation criterion:

• The maximum number of points is 10.
• “5” - 10 points.
• “4” - 8-9 points.
• “3” - 6-7 points.

Homework - solve the problem:

Over the past year, a business intermediary involved in the purchase and sale of passenger cars made business trips to the following CIS cities: Brest, Ekaterinburg, Zaporozhye, Izhevsk, Moscow, Nakhodka, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Tolyatti. What operations (purchase or sale) did the merchant carry out in each city? Name the brands of cars that interested him in each city?