By the same criteria. Who to give the family business to?

Custom fields are designed to store information about tasks or resources that cannot be placed in a notes field. Custom text fields are useful for storing small pieces of information that don't require formatting, such as the result of a task.

It would seem, in what cases may notes not be suitable? The main advantage of notes is the ability to attach external files to tasks or use text formatting commands. Since these advanced features are not needed to simply indicate the result of work in text form without formatting, they should be left for their intended use.

The benefit of custom fields is that they make it easy to structure information about tasks or resources. For example, a project owner wants to understand what specific work is being done during tasks and what results are achieved after each task is completed. Using notes to store two types of information is inconvenient because you cannot view the work description separately from the results. But if you create two custom fields, in one of which a description of the work will be placed, and in the other - their result, you can structure the data and use them separately in the future. Notes will be reserved for storing files and other additional accompanying information.

Create custom fields

The “internal” tables of MS Project include a set of fields that the user can configure at their discretion and place their data in them. These fields can be either resources or tasks and vary in the types of data they can store. You work with custom fields in the Customize Fields dialog box, which can be accessed either from the table header context menu or by using the Tools > Customize > Fields menu command.

The field settings dialog box consists of two tabs. The first tab, Custom Fields, is where you work with custom fields (Figure 13.16, file 15.mpp).

Before you configure a field, you need to decide whether its contents belong to tasks or resources, and, accordingly, select the Task or Resource radio button. Then, in the Type drop-down list, you need to determine the data type (Table 13.1) of this field.

Table 13.1. Types of custom fields in MS Project

Rice. 13.16. Field Settings Dialog Box

By selecting desired type data (in our example 15.mpp is text), you need to select a field, and then configure it and give it a name, so that later you do not forget that such and such data is stored in a field, for example, Textl. The Rename button is intended for this purpose; after clicking on it, a dialog box for entering the field name opens. Let's say we want to specify the result of a task in a custom field. Let's name the field Result, and its name will appear in the list of fields next to the name of the Textl field.

To create a simple custom field, this operation is sufficient. We will look at the remaining parameters of this dialog box later when we configure other fields in our plan. You can now click OK to exit the dialog box and try out the usability of custom fields.

Filling with data

There are two ways to fill out custom fields. The first one, traditional for previous versions MS Project - add a field to the table and edit data in it in the same way as in other fields. The second way you can edit custom field values, new only in MS Project 2002, is to use the Custom Fields tab in the task or resource details dialog box.

This tab displays all task-related custom fields that exist in the project (and a similar tab in the Resource Details dialog box will contain resource-related fields). The table in the center of the dialog box consists of two columns. The left column, Custom Field Name, shows the name of the field, and the right column, Value, shows its value for the current task. For example, in Fig. 13.17 (file IS.mpp) we edit the value of the Result field for the task Collecting proposals from authors. The result of the task will be a Proposal File in an editorial format.

Rice. 13.17. Populate a custom field value for a task

NOTE

In order for MS Project to “understand” that you want to use a custom field and display it in the dialog box, you must first rename the field.

As you may have noticed in Fig. 13.17, the WBS (WBS) field is also in the list of customizable ones. This happened because we changed its settings. If you do not configure the structure of task codes, then this field will not be listed in the list of customizable ones.

View content in a plan

You can display the contents of fields in a table by adding the corresponding field to it, or directly on a Gantt chart, next to tasks. To do this, in the bar style settings dialog box, you need to edit the corresponding bar types, adding the desired field to the number of displayed data (for information on how to select fields to display next to bar segments, see the section “Setting up text information displayed next to a bar”). In addition, you can use text style formatting tools to highlight the values ​​of these fields in a special font (see the “Formatting Text Styles” section).

For example, in the diagram in Fig. 13.18 (file 18.mpp), we edited the Task segment type and in the settings for the text displayed next to the segment, we added the Result field so that it would be displayed below the segment. Next, in the Format Text Styles dialog box, we changed the font of the text that appears on the chart below the bars by adding an underline.

Rice. 13.18. The results of the tasks are displayed on the diagram next to the tasks

Creating Custom Combo Fields

Often Additional Information in custom fields is not unique for each task (as is the case with the Result field), but is repeated. For example, if a custom field contains information about the importance of achieving a result to the completion of a project, the field value could be High, Medium, and Low.

If a custom field can have a limited set of values, then there is no point in manually populating the field for each task. It is much more convenient to create a list of possible values ​​and then, when editing a custom field for a task, select a value from the list.

In order to define a list of values ​​for a field, in the field settings dialog box (see Figure 13.16), after selecting a custom field from the list, you need to select the radio button located next to the Value List button in the Custom attributes section. In this case, MS Project will warn you that when setting up a list of values ​​for the pse rapese field, the entered data may be lost, and if you are sure that you want to continue, then in the warning window you need to click OK.

The list of field values ​​is specified in the Value List dialog box, which opens after clicking the button of the same name in the field settings dialog box. In Fig. 13.19 in this dialog box we configure the Result Importance text field (file 14.mpp).

Rice. 13.19. Enter a list of values ​​for a custom field

In the center of the dialog box there is a table consisting of two columns: Value and Description. The first contains possible values ​​for the custom field, and the second contains descriptions. Descriptions will be displayed when you select a value from the list while filling out the field.

Sometimes it is convenient that when creating a new task (or resource, if the custom field relates to resources), one value from the list is automatically inserted into the field. For example, if most of the project's tasks are of medium importance, then you can substitute the value Medium by default, and select other values ​​from the list if necessary.

In order to make one of the values ​​the default value, you need to check the Use a value from the list as a default entry checkbox for the field (Use the value from the list as the default field value). After this, the Set Default button will become available, clicking on which turns the highlighted value in the table into the default value. After we have appointed Average value By default, the row containing this value in the table is highlighted in color.

NOTE

The default value will be set in the custom field only for new tasks or resources. If resources were added before the field was configured, then the field value for them will be undefined (will remain empty).

The Data entry options section determines how you fill out the custom field. If you select the Restrict fields to items in the value list radio button, then when filling out the field, the selection will be limited to the existing list and you will not be able to enter arbitrary values. If you select the Allow additional items to be entered into the field switch, then when filling out this field you can both select items from the list and enter arbitrary values.

If you want arbitrary values ​​entered in a field to be automatically added to the field's value list, you need to check the Append new entries to the value list checkbox. And in order for the program to ask for confirmation before adding a value to the list, you need to check the Prompt before adding new values ​​checkbox.

The data entry mode, in which the last two checkboxes are selected (as in Fig. 13.19), is quite convenient, since it allows you to add new element to the list of values ​​without going to the field settings dialog box. On the other hand, warnings will help you avoid accidentally adding a value.

The order in which list items are displayed when selected is determined by the radio buttons in the bottom section of the dialog box, Display order for dropdown list. Values ​​can be sorted by row number in the table if you select the By row number radio button, or alphabetically if you select the Sort ascending or Sort descending radio button. The first option is the most convenient, since it allows you to customize the order of records in the table and arrange the values ​​according to the expected frequency of their use.

Using Formulas

Sometimes custom field values ​​can be filled in automatically using formulas. For example, if you know how long it takes on average to edit 1 page of text, then by specifying the number of pages in an article, you can use a formula to calculate the total duration of the article editing task.

To enter a formula into a custom field, in the Field Settings dialog box (see Figure 13.16), you need to select a custom field from the list, and then in the Custom attributes section, select the radio button next to the Formula button. MS Project will warn you that when you set up a formula for a field, all previously entered data may be lost, and if you are sure that you want to continue, then click OK in the warning window.

To edit the formula, you need to click the Formula button, after which the MS Project formula editor will be loaded (Fig. 13.20, file IS.mpp). The editor consists of a formula editing area and a set of buttons, by clicking on which you can enter formula fragments. The formula can be completely typed manually, or it can be entered by pressing buttons.

Rice. 13.20. MS Project Formula Editor

The formula can use operations on other MS Project fields. For example, in order to determine the total time to edit an article, you need to multiply the number of pages in the article by the time it took to edit one page. In our project (IS.mpp), we renamed the Duration1 custom field to Page Edit Time, and the Numberl field to Number of Pages in Article. This means that to determine the value of the field Duration2 (Duration2), or Total time for editing an article, you need to multiply the value of the field Durationl (Duration1) by Number1 (Number1). In the formula, as we see in the figure, the names of the fields (as in filters) must be enclosed in square brackets.

To insert a field name into a formula, you can use the Field button, or to insert one of several dozen available functions, use the Function button. You can also use the Import Formula button to insert a formula into a field from another field in any open project.

In Fig. 13.21 (file IS.mpp) you can see how the settings we made work. After filling out the Number of pages in an article and Page editing time fields, the Total article editing time field is recalculated.

Rice. 13.21. Calculation using formulas works

However, the current counting mode has one drawback: the duration calculated for each task is not summed up for the phase. This means that we cannot automatically determine its duration. To ensure that values ​​in a custom field are automatically recalculated for summary tasks, you must configure it in a special way.

Custom fields and summary tasks

You can determine how custom field data will be displayed for summary tasks in the field settings dialog box, in the Calculation for task and group summary rows section, by selecting the required field in the list (Fig. 13.22, file 16 .mpp).

Rice. 13.22. Set up calculations for summary tasks. The contents of the drop-down list depend on the type of field selected

The section contains three radio buttons: None, Rollup and Use formula. If you select the first one, the custom field data will be calculated only for regular tasks, and not for summary ones. The second radio button allows you to calculate the custom field value for summary tasks using one of the operations provided in the drop-down list. The composition of this list varies depending on the field types (Table 13.2), in addition, you cannot consolidate data for text fields.

Operation name	Custom Field Types	Description
And	Flag	Logical AND. If all nested rows in this field have the value Yes, then the result of the operation is also Yes. If at least one of the lines in this field contains the value No, then the result of the logical operation will be No
OR (OR)	Flag	Logical OR. If at least one of the series contains the value Yes in this field, then the reduction operation will also give Yes
Average		The reduction will be the average over all values ​​of nested non-total series
Average First Sublevel	Cost, Duration, Number	The reduction will be the average over all values ​​of nested non-total series and over all values ​​of nested total series of the first level
Count All	Number	When adding up, all total and non-total series will be added together.
Count First Sublevel	Number	When reducing, the total series of the first level and all nested non-total series will be added
Count Nonsummaries	Number	When summarizing, all non-summary tasks will be added together
Maximum		The result of the reduction will be the maximum value among all values ​​below
Minimum	Cost, Duration, Number, Start, Finish	The result of the reduction will be the minimum value among all the values ​​below
Sum	Cost, Duration, Number	The result of the reduction will be the sum of all values ​​below

Table 13.2. Operations for summarizing data in summary tasks

If you use a formula to calculate a custom field, a third radio button is available - Use formula. If you select it, the same formula will be used to calculate custom field values ​​for summary tasks as for regular tasks. In our case (file 16.mpp), it is more convenient to use the operation of adding the values ​​of a custom field for tasks than a formula. After all, our formula uses the values ​​of other fields when calculating, which means that for them we also need to configure the parameters for determining the value for summary tasks. If this is not done, then the values ​​of these fields for summary tasks will always be zero and the result of our formula will also be zero.

In Fig. Figure 13.23 shows a table from file 16.mpp with calculations of the total duration of editing articles after we have configured the summation of values ​​for phases in the Total article editing time field. Now the values ​​in it are summed, but in other custom fields they still are not.

Rice. 13.23. Now the total time for editing articles is summed up

The duration we calculated is actually the labor required to complete the editing work. However, this data cannot be automatically entered into the project plan, that is, into the Work field of the corresponding tasks, since this field is not customizable and cannot enter formulas. Therefore, we can only place the data we receive in this field manually.

A model in which data is automatically calculated in one field as other fields are changed, and then must be manually transferred to the project plan, is fraught with one danger: you may accidentally forget to enter labor data into the project plan. In this case, the planned effort for the task will be incorrect, and therefore the project plan as a whole will be inaccurate. To ensure that the labor costs of a task always correspond to the data in the Total article editing time custom field, we will use indicators.

Using indicators

MS Project includes the ability to display color indicators rather than data in a custom field. The color of the indicator depends on the fulfillment or failure of the logical condition. For example, in our case (file 17.mpp), you can create an Updated field and configure it so that if the data in the Total article editing time field is equal to the data in the Work field, then a green indicator is displayed in it, and if they are not equal - then red.

In principle, such an indicator can be displayed in the Total article editing time field itself, but we will create an Updated field of type Flag to demonstrate how to work with fields of this type.

In the Field Definition dialog box, rename the Flagl field to Updated, and then open the Formula Settings dialog box for it. Let's enter the formula = ([Duration2] = [Effort]). Flag fields can only contain the value Yes (Yes) or No (No), and if the condition of the formula is met (that is, the Total time to edit the article is equal to labor costs), then the field will contain Yes (Yes), and if the condition is not met - No ( No).

Now you need to configure the display of indicators. To do this, in the Values ​​to display section of the field settings dialog box (see Figure 13.16), you need to select the radio button located next to the Graphical Indicators button. Then to configure the indicators you need to press this button. In the window that opens (Fig. 13.24, file 17.mpp), you need to configure the criteria for displaying indicators for different tasks.

Rice. 13.24. Dialog box for setting up the display of indicators

At the top of the dialog box, select the radio button that corresponds to the type of tasks for which indicator display criteria are configured: Nonsummary rows, Summary rows, or Project summary. Moreover, for each type you can configure your own criteria for displaying the indicator.

To display indicators for summary tasks using the same criteria as for regular ones, you need to check the Summary rows inherit criteria from nonsummary rows checkbox. And in order for the project summary task to use the same criteria as summary tasks, you need to check the Project summary inherits criteria from summary rows checkbox. If both check boxes are selected, then by setting the parameters for common tasks, you thereby determine the display settings for all other tasks in the project. Indicator display parameters are configured in the table in the center of the dialog box.

The table contains three columns: Test for, Values, and Image. In the first column from the list, a condition is selected that the value in the second column must meet. The list of conditions is the same as the one we used when creating filters in lesson 4 “Sorting, grouping and filtering data in tables” (see Table 4.1).

You can use specific values, for example Yes or No, as in our case, or you can select the value of any of the fields. In the last field, a picture is selected from the list to be used as an indicator if the condition described in the first two fields is met. So, in our case, if the field value is Yes, a green indicator should be displayed, and if it is No, a red indicator should be displayed.

The field value checks are performed in order from top to bottom, and the first match to the condition selects the indicator that will be displayed. To move conditions up and down in the list, use the arrow buttons located on the side of the list.

Sometimes you want to view the field values ​​hidden “under” the indicator. If you check the Show data values ​​in ToolTips checkbox, the data will be displayed when you hover the mouse over the indicator.

The result of setting indicators for the Updated field is shown in Fig. 13.25 (file 17.mpp). As we can see, if the data in the Total article editing time field is not equal to the labor costs of the task, the field contains a red indicator, and if they are equal, it contains a green indicator.

Rice. 13.25. Result of indicator settings

However, the figure also shows a discrepancy - the labor costs in the total task are equal to 40 hours (5 days), and the total time for editing articles calculated using the formula is three. However, the field displays a green indicator. What's the matter?

If we place the cursor on the cell with the indicator in the line of a regular task, we will see that the field cannot be edited (since its value is calculated by a formula), and if we place the cursor on the line of the summary task, we will see that the cell can be edited. That is, when setting up the formula for the Updated field, we forgot to define the formula for calculating the value for summary tasks.

Let's go to the field settings dialog box and select the operation of summing data for the Updated field (similar to Fig. 13.22). Since this is a field of type Flag, the set of operations (in accordance with Table 13.2) will not be the same as for a field of type Duration. Among them, the And operation is suitable for us: if all ordinary tasks inside the summary one have the value Yes, then the value of the summary will be the same. And if among the regular tasks there is at least one field with the value No, then the value in the summary task field will also be No. This is exactly what we need: if the work of at least one of the regular tasks is not updated and does not correspond to the calculations according to the formula, then the work of the summary task is also incorrect. Now the summary task indicator will be green only when the indicators of all its subtasks are also green. In Fig. Figure 13.26 shows the results of these settings (IS.mpp). We've copied the summary task and its nested tasks to demonstrate how concatenation works for a field of type Flag. In the first case, when among the nested phase tasks there is one with a red indicator, the phase indicator is also red. In the second case, when all nested task indicators are green, the indicator for the phase is also green.

Rice. 13.26. Setting up indicators that aggregate values ​​for summary tasks

In total, there are five Ryazan state universities and branches on the long list of ineffective ones. The Federal Ministry of Education and Science announced this on its website on November 1. In general, about five hundred higher educational institutions and twice as many branches were assessed in Russia. There were several evaluation criteria:

Average USE score of applicants;

Calculation of scientific and design work per employee; - share of foreign students in the total number of graduates;

University income from all sources and the area of ​​teaching and laboratory classrooms per student. If the “examinee” was below the threshold determined by the Ministry of Education and Science in one of the five indicators, then he was considered ineffective.

“WE EVALUATE OURSELVES BY THE SAME CRITERIA”

Such “generators” of scientific thought as Radio Engineering and medical University s of Ryazan are among the favorites. RGRTU Rector Viktor Gurov basically agrees with the selection criteria:

Inside our university, we ourselves evaluate it according to almost the same parameters as in the ministry,” says Viktor Sergeevich. - 10 years ago the concept for the development of higher educational institutions was spelled out, and I was not surprised by today’s evaluation criteria. The only thing I don’t agree with is that agricultural universities are assessed in the same way as others. They should be supported by the state, because they carry significant social function. After all, their graduates must return to the village - this is precisely the criterion that must be taken into account.

It is no coincidence that the rector of Radika focused his attention on agricultural universities. After all, the Ryazan Agrotechnological University in the same “table of ranks” was recognized as ineffective.

“NO SUPPORT, BUT THE REQUIREMENTS ARE INCREASED”

The management of the Russian State Aviation Technical University, for obvious reasons, refrained from commenting, but the teachers did not remain silent, however, on condition of anonymity.

I don’t quite agree with this definition of “inefficiency,” says Ruslana, Ph.D., graduate of the Ryazan Agricultural Institute. - I don’t want to praise my university, I’ll say one thing: it’s a shame that the state doesn’t support us. We do not see normal funding from the Ministry of Agriculture (and in this matter we relate specifically to this ministry, and not to the Ministry of Education and Science, like others). Teachers' salaries are lower than in other universities in Ryazan, by three to five thousand, and student scholarships are correspondingly lower. Therefore, in order to survive, you have to work several jobs. And this, you know, is not normal for researcher. Rumors about the reorganization have been circulating for two years now, I think that now they will become a reality...

The fate of another Ryazan university will be decided in the last autumn month. In the list of “ineffective” is the relatively recently reorganized state pedagogical university - Yesenin State University. The reform of 2005, when RSU was made from “peda,” had and still has both supporters and those who are skeptical about innovations.

One of them, Alexey Gryaznov, a 2004 graduate, graduated from physics and mathematics with honors, worked in a rural school for two years, and now holds a high position in the capital:

I was just graduating from the pedagogical university when the reorganization was underway,” says Alexey. - We were wondering what kind of diploma we would get. RGPU did not just graduate teachers, it graduated scientists. If you continue to study in graduate school, you are already a scientist with a teaching diploma. There were a lot of young people at the university. Our course was taught by Associate Professor Retyunskikh: “science-science” on the one hand, and on the other hand, she understood us, because she herself had recently been a student. I am very glad that she taught for all five years: she knew everything well and could explain everything. There were no random people back then...

THREE STREAM IN ONE?

From November 6 to 14, a group of specialists from Moscow will work in Ryazan, who will first decide whether to approve the list of “ineffective” universities or exclude certain ones from it educational establishments“based on their special significance for the development of a region or industry.” This is exactly what it says in the preamble to the research results. And only then the interdepartmental commission will make a final verdict. This is the official point of view.

From sources that should be trusted, we learned that the merger of three universities: RGRTU, RGATU and RSU will still happen. And the scientific “conglomerate” will be headed by the Radio Engineering University, and... three financial streams will be combined into one. It should be noted that the Minister of Education Dmitry Livanov announced that in the next three years it is planned to reduce universities by 20%, and the number of their branches by 30%. At the same time, he stated that during the reorganization the interests of all students would be taken into account. True, it is not clear whether the opinion of teachers will be taken into account?

DETAILS

Full list of effective and ineffective universities and branches:

Effective:

Ryazan State Medical University named after Pavlov;

Ryazan State Radio Engineering University;

Ryazan Correspondence Institute (branch) of Moscow state university culture and art;

Ryazan Institute (branch) Moscow State Open University named after. V. Chernomyrdin;

Ryazan branch of MESI.

Ineffective:

Ryazan State University named after Yesenin;

Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after Kostychev;

Ryazan branch of Moscow State Transport University;

Branch of the Ivanovo State Textile Academy;

Branch of the Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after Razumovsky.

Parents often support their adult children financially, helping them buy their first car or make a down payment on an apartment. Miles Dunkley's father, Graham, went even further - he gave his son a share in the company for the production of expensive cosmetics and hygiene products, which he founded 15 years earlier. Miles took 25% of his father's company SLG just as it completed its first deal to buy another business.

It was 2000: Dunkley was 33 years old and his 63-year-old father was preparing to retire from running the business. Five years later, the father handed over control of the entire company to his son. Dunkley currently holds the position general director SLG, which has revenues of £40m and has 160 employees in the UK and Shanghai.

The transfer of control is easier if the heir is no longer a young man and has enough experience, as is the case with SLG. If there are multiple children in a family, there is a risk that someone will feel left out, says Bernard Rennell, head of family governance and succession at HSBC.

David Glassman, a freelance lecturer at the Cranfield School of Management and a consultant who advises on family business issues, says the most important thing when transferring control of a business is to avoid favoritism or any hint of it. “For all positions in the company, use clear performance criteria. A well-thought-out system will give all current and future employees a clear understanding that the most talented people succeed here,” he advises.

Difficult decision

98% 2/3 of companies around the world are family businesses. However, for many of them, the transition from a startup to a smoothly functioning family business is not easy, Cohen points out. “When a business is created from scratch, it is difficult for entrepreneurs to cede control of it to both experienced managers and their own children,” he says

Dunkley Jr. had the opportunity to show his father what he was capable of: before taking co-ownership of the company, he worked there for several years as a manager. “I was eager to move the company forward, but my father, for obvious reasons, slowed down,” he recalls. Dunkley received the second, controlling stake from his father, when SLG, thanks to acquisitions and the strategy chosen by his son, began to grow rapidly.

The root of the problem is money, says Allan Cohen, a professor at Babson College, a business school specializing in entrepreneurship research. “If the company is the source of the entire family's future financial well-being, relatives may fear that the family member chosen to run the company will not be able to ensure the business thrives as it should,” he explains.

Dunkley Jr. has three children and could pass the business on to the next generation. However, the eldest is only 16 years old, and it is too early to make a decision. To always remember his own luck, Dunkley keeps a framed greeting card from his father, written at a time when he was handing over the management of the company to his son. “I consider myself lucky because my father had incredible faith in me from day one,” Dunkley says, adding that so far he has been able to live up to that trust “without breaking any bones.”

Translated by Nadezhda Belichenko

.
The research organization Levada Center noted almost twofold increase in the number of Russians dissatisfied with the rich.

In the case of real estate fraud in the MiG corporation, the former general director of the corporation’s subsidiary, MiG-Rost OJSC, Alexey Ozerov and deputy general director of Tupolev PJSC Yegor Noskov, were arrested, Kommersant learned.
According to the publication, we're talking about about the events of 2001, when MiG decided to get rid of its supposedly non-core asset with an area of ​​22 thousand square meters. m in Moscow on Polikarpova Street. The property was transferred to the MiG-Rost economic management, headed by Ozerov. Subsequently, when a plan emerged for the centralized sale of space vacated by the withdrawal of RSK production facilities from Moscow, the assets were encumbered by a lease agreement, which was then extended for 49 years.

In 2004, the complex of buildings on Polikarpova Street was sold to Business-Active LLC, which was created the same year. And a year later, this company with an asset of hundreds of millions of rubles for only 10 thousand rubles. bought by businessman Egor Noskov, who is now deputy general director of Tupolev PJSC for the property complex. “Business-Active” ceased to exist in 2010, and “MiG-Rost” – two years later, the newspaper writes.
The investigation also established that in 2005, all the real estate that once belonged to MiG was resold for almost 50 million rubles. Liberta-Investment LLC, which has been leasing it for ten years, including to structures part of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC). The investigation has no claims against Liberta-Investment LLC as a bona fide buyer, the publication writes.

What will the accumulation of explosive discontent in society lead to? The madness of hedonists devouring the country can cause a social explosion.
After all, everyone sees how the social sphere is being cut down against the backdrop of the furiously hysterical consumption of small groups of citizens covered at the highest government level. Here Ulyukaev speaks, and talks about the taxation system. They say, no progressive scale!
The rich will pay the same personal income tax rates as the poor. What is this, Europe? No. This is the robbery of the population and the fattening of the elite, who stole people's property during the bandit privatization and cling tightly to it.

Do you really need a new October? Continue to pressure the people with juvenile technologies, the destruction of education, falling incomes, and opaque political games. At the same time, defiantly eat at three throats and take bribes in the millions of euros.
Well, of course, you’ll wait.

"Okay, okay, kids, just give me time."
There will be a squirrel and a whistle!”

Knowledge a person in the guna of ignorance gives rise to attachment to one type of activity as the only important one, which is very meager and does not reflect the truth. His activity is committed in illusion, in disregard of the instructions of the sastras, without caring about the slavery, violence or suffering it causes to others. Executor: He is constantly engaged in activities contrary to the instructions of the sastras, is materialistic, stubborn, deceitful and sophisticated in insulting others, lazy, gloomy and slow. Understanding: He mistakes unbelief for faith, and faith for unbelief, is under the cover of illusion and darkness, always directed in the wrong direction. His determination does not help overcome sleep, fear, sadness, gloom and delusion. His happiness blind to self-realization, illusory from beginning to end, and stems from drowsiness, laziness and illusion.

Verses 45 - 54.

1. How should a person treat his natural inclinations?

If one has not yet risen above the modes of material nature, he should perform duties according to his natural inclinations for the satisfaction of the Lord. Thus, by worshiping the all-pervading Lord, every person can achieve perfection.

2. Why is it better to do your own thing? own business than doing someone else's work?

Fulfilling duties prescribed according to one's nature never causes sinful reactions, so it is better to follow one's duty, even imperfectly, than to perform someone else's duty perfectly.

Fulfilling other people's duties leads to the fact that: 1) activity on one's own whim is encouraged (that is, the satisfaction of feelings becomes the motive), which ultimately leads to chaos; 2) the foundations of society are undermined (if a person decides to change the type of his activity, then those who depend on his activity may suffer); 3) a person is engaged in something for which he does not have a natural inclination, this causes him dissatisfaction and threatens moral decay. (Fulfilling other people's responsibilities is not as easy as it may seem, because the inclinations that condition us are rooted in us much deeper than we realize.)

Summarize the main points of verse 48 and its commentary.

Just as fire is always accompanied by smoke, so any activity is contaminated by the modes of material nature. Despite this, if any professional activity is carried on for the satisfaction of Krsna, all the defects inherent in that activity are eliminated. Therefore one should perform one's prescribed duties even if such activities are full of defects.

4. Why does a person in Krishna consciousness automatically become a sannyasi?

True renunciation means that one constantly understands himself to be part and parcel of the Supreme Lord, and therefore believes that the fruits of his labor should be enjoyed by the Supreme. This is Krishna consciousness. Thus, one who acts in Krishna consciousness is a bona fide sannyasi because... he is not attached to anything material.

5. If devotional service begins after one becomes Brahman conscious (18.55), then should we first become self-realized and then take to Krsna consciousness?

It is not necessary. Devotional service is both the goal and the means. In the pre-liberation stage, bhakti is the means of purification by which one gets rid of false ego and reaches the brahma-bhuta stage. After liberation, bhakti is the natural quality of the soul in its eternal relationship with Krishna.

Therefore Krsna consciousness should be practiced even if we are not yet liberated.

Verses 55 - 63.

1. What do the words “bhaktya mam abhijanati” mean for scientists and empirical philosophers?

The Supreme Personality of Godhead is incomprehensible to speculators and unbelievers. The truth about the Supreme Personality can be revealed only to a person engaged in pure devotional service.

2. Answer the following statement: "Because a devotee deals with material energy, he must receive karmic reactions."

For a devotee who is in full Krsna consciousness, everything is spiritual, because he engages everything in the devotional service of the Lord. The Lord's energy begins to act as material only when we try to enjoy it, and when a person uses the Lord's energy in accordance with its original purpose - in the service of the Lord, then this energy remains spiritual. Therefore a pure devotee is always free from the karmic consequences of his activities.

3. How would you answer the question (referring to texts 18.59-60) “Why work hard for Krishna?”

A living being is forced to actively act. If one refuses to act according to the orders of Krsna, he will still be forced to act according to the material modes. But anyone who voluntarily devotes himself completely to the service of Krsna will overcome all the obstacles of conditional life and achieve perfection.

Verses 64 - 78.

1. Summarize in your own words the most important instructions of Bhagavad-gita given in texts 65 and 66.

The most confidential part of knowledge is that one should become a pure devotee of Krishna, always think about Him and act for His sake. The Lord promises that anyone who is in Krsna consciousness will return to Krsna's abode. At the same time, it is recommended to focus your mind on the original form of Lord Krishna. The concentration of the mind on this form is the essence of the most secret part of knowledge.

Krishna advises Arjuna to simply surrender to Him, giving up all other types of dharma. One might think that unless one is free from all sinful reactions one cannot take up the path of devotional service. To dispel such doubts, Krishna says that He Himself will deliver the devotee from all the consequences of his past sinful activities. Thus, simply by surrendering to Krishna, one can immediately achieve all the positive results without wasting time.

2. Who should be taught the science of Bhagavad-gita, and who-No?

This confidential knowledge cannot be imparted to one who has not gone through the tapasya of the religious process, who has never tried to render devotional service to the Lord, who has not cooperated with pure devotees, and especially to one who considers Krsna to be merely a historical figure or is envious of His greatness. Bhagavad-gita should be explained only to those people who are ready to recognize Krishna as the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

3. What is the result of teaching and studying Bhagavad-gita?

One who explains this supreme secret to the devotees of Krsna will certainly rise to pure devotional service and will certainly return to the Lord in the end. And one who listens to the Bhagavad-gita with faith and without envy is freed from the consequences of sinful actions and reaches the planets where the righteous live.

4. Explain the connection between the first and last verses of the Bhagavad-gita (1.1 and 18.78).

Bhagavad-gita begins with questions from Dhritarashtra. The king hoped for the victory of his sons. However, having explained the essence of what was happening on the battlefield, Sanjaya said to the king: “You are thinking about victory, but my opinion is that where Krishna and Arjuna are, there will certainly be abundance, victory, extraordinary strength and morality.” Victory is assured for Arjuna's side because Krishna was there.