How much did a doctor in the USSR receive. About salaries in the USSR
When they talk about the thirties in the USSR, then depending on the views of a person, different associations may arise.
For some, this is the time of the camps, hopeless terror and total dictatorship. And someone will remember that then there were
great construction projects, the construction of industrial giants, which are still synonymous with large industrial
achievements. There was a time of spiritual uplift, faith that future generations will live better than parents. Yes, lived
It's not easy for the common people. But, the results of the work were already clearly visible.
In one article it is impossible to describe all the processes of that time. Therefore, we will pay attention only to the issue of prices and wages.
Enthusiasm, great construction projects are wonderful. But how did the people live? What could you buy with your money?
Let us first consider the salaries and incomes of various categories of Soviet citizens. In order not to be unfounded, they will be given
documents of that era. Let's start with working specialties.
The salary of a locksmith third, i.e. low category, according to a note in the newspaper of those years, 600 rubles a month.
above the norm - as you like. And, mind you, the salary reached 1000 rubles.
Surely, here are the brigade leaders, and for the lack of marriage, and for overfulfilling the plan by his brigade.
BUT! 1000 rub. there is an excess of the average salary in the country by 4 times (it was 250 rubles). And this is for the plan in 166%
Stakhanovites, as they used to say. The average salary for working specialties in production was 350 rubles.
Now about the earnings of handicraftsmen and artel workers, cooperators. The fact that, in the Stalinist USSR, artel-
the cooperative movement will not be touched upon in this topic. Only about income. So here's a visual about the earnings of handicraftsmen:
and here's more:
Agree, not at all small incomes. After that, there are fewer questions about how beekeepers, artels
could buy tanks for the front.
The salaries of engineers were higher than those of working specialties. So the factory engineer's salary was in the late thirties
years-1.5 thousand rubles. And this is understandable - it was necessary to stimulate people to study.
And in order to become an engineer, you need to study. Life has always been difficult for students. So how did you live
students in their thirties?
The Saratov Kolkhoz Agricultural College is offering scholarships of 250 rubles to those who have passed the entrance exams for three "A"s and one "Four".
For reference: In 1940, the average wage workers and employees of the RSFSR was 339 rubles.
And here you can judge the income of engineers of human souls of that time:
How much did a writer earn in the USSR? This is, of course, difficult to determine.
For example, the unknown writer Lev Savin. Lev Savin is not very famous and even Literary
the encyclopedia cannot give the date of the writer's death.
SAVIN Lev (pseudonym Savely Moiseevich Lev, 1891—) - writer. R. in the family of an artisan. Graduated from a real school.
Served as an accountant. Was at the front, later a Soviet employee. He began writing in 1929.
The first novel by S. "Yushka" draws the old barracks, the drill, the enmity of the soldiers to the officers, but the contradictions of the royal
S.'s armies are not opened. In the collection "Mountain-man" along with the image of the lack of rights of the royal soldier
(“Private Immortal”) S. refers to modern reality (“Awake Dream”). Oil
industry in Russia, the history of the struggle for Soviet Azerbaijan is devoted to the novel "Nafta".
The last thing S. - "Sally Candide" - is an attempt at a satirical image of Nazi Germany.
A superficial understanding of fascist reality reduces the ideological and artistic quality of the novel.
From 1930 to 1935, Savin wrote 7 works, by the way, being, to put it mildly, not very replicated
writer.
The minimum circulation for an aspiring writer NOT a member of the Writers' Union was 100,000 copies. average price
not a thick book was 1 ruble 20 kopecks.
Total, 120,000 rubles. REGARDLESS of whether the circulation was sold out or not, a fee of 5,000 rubles was paid and
secondhand, a measly one and a half percent ... minus income tax.
Village house with yard
A modest cooperative apartment
When they talk about the thirties in the USSR, depending on the views of a person, different associations may arise. For some, this is the time of camps, hopeless terror and total dictatorship. And someone will remember that then there were great construction projects, the construction of industrial giants, which are still synonymous with major industrial achievements. There was a time of spiritual upsurge, the belief that future generations will live better than their parents. Yes, life was not easy for the common people. But, the results of the work were already clearly visible. It is impossible to describe all the processes of that time in one article. Therefore, we will pay attention only to the issue of prices and salaries. Enthusiasm, great construction projects are wonderful. But how did the people live? What could be bought with the money earned? First, consider the salaries and incomes of various categories of Soviet citizens. In order not to be unfounded, documents of that era will be cited. Let's start with working specialties.
The salary of a locksmith third, i.e. low category, according to a note in the newspaper of those years, 600 rubles a month.
And here they write about the earnings of a drilling foreman, already 1,000 rubles.
Surely, here are the brigade leaders, and for the lack of marriage, and for overfulfilling the plan by his brigade.
BUT! 1000 rub. there is an excess of the average salary in the country by 4 times (it was 250 rubles). And this is for the plan in 166%
These are, of course, the leaders of production, the Stakhanovites, as they said then. The average salary for working specialties in production was 350 rubles.
Now about the earnings of handicraftsmen and artel workers, cooperators. The fact that in the Stalinist USSR the artel-cooperative movement was highly developed will not be touched upon in this topic. Only about income. So here's a visual about the earnings of handicraftsmen:
And here's more:
Agree, not at all small incomes. After that, there are fewer questions about how beekeepers and artel workers could buy tanks for the front.
The salaries of engineers were higher than those of working specialties. So the factory engineer's salary was 1.5 thousand rubles at the end of the thirties. And this is understandable - it was necessary to stimulate people to study.
And in order to become an engineer, you need to study. Life has always been difficult for students. So how did students live in the thirties?
The Saratov Kolkhoz Agricultural College is offering scholarships of 250 rubles to those who have passed the entrance exams for three "A"s and one "Four".
For reference: In 1940, the average wage of workers and employees of the RSFSR was 339 rubles.
Let's read the newspapers of that time:
And here you can judge the income of engineers of human souls of that time:
How much did a writer earn in the USSR? This is, of course, difficult to determine.
For example, the unknown writer Lev Savin. Lev Savin is not very famous and even the Literary Encyclopedia cannot give the date of the writer's death.
SAVIN Lev (pseudonym Savely Moiseevich Lev, 1891-) - writer. R. in the family of an artisan. Graduated from a real school.
Served as an accountant. Was at the front, later a Soviet employee. He began writing in 1929.
The first novel by S. "Yushka" draws an old barracks, drill, enmity of soldiers to officers, but contradictions tsarist army S. are not opened. In the collection "Mountain-Man", along with the image of the lack of rights of the tsarist soldier ("Private Immortal"), S. refers to modern reality ("Wake Dream"). development oil industry in Russia, the novel "Nafta" is devoted to the history of the struggle for Soviet Azerbaijan.
The last thing S. - "Candide's sortie" - is an attempt at a satirical depiction of Nazi Germany.
A superficial understanding of fascist reality reduces the ideological and artistic quality of the novel.
From 1930 to 1935, Savin wrote 7 works, by the way, being, to put it mildly, not a very replicated writer.
The minimum circulation for an aspiring writer NOT a member of the Writers' Union was 100,000 copies. The average price of a non-thick book was 1 ruble 20 kopecks.
Total, 120,000 rubles. Irrespective of whether the circulation was sold out or not, a fee of 5,000 rubles was paid and circulation, a miserable one and a half percent ... minus income tax.
In total, a young author could buy:
Village house with yard
- modest cooperative apartment
- a modest used car (because there was a queue for a new one)
And he still had money left to write a new book.
And if he was admitted to the Writers' Union, then he did not need to buy an apartment (they gave it for free), and they paid a scholarship (about 150 rubles for a beginner) plus fees for small literary work (200-300 rubles), plus free vouchers to the House of Creativity in Maleevka ...
And how was the military service in the Red Army paid? Here are some scans of documents from those years:
This is from the financial documents of that time:
And the priests. Yes, priests...
What about our prices? What could you buy with your money? Here, the respected "historian30h" provided a wonderful document: "Price List of Uniform State Retail Prices for Foodstuffs" for 1935
Dmitry Azarov, CEO and co-founder of "Lash Russia":
- I studied at Moscow State University from 1976 to 1981, and at that time the standard scholarship was 40 rubles, and the increased one was 50. The salary for young beginners in the middle lane was about 120-130 rubles.
From 1981 to 1986 he worked as a counseling psychologist in an experimental scientific center career guidance for young people, and my salary was 130 rubles. There were surcharges and allowances for extra work, as well as "the thirteenth salary". The working day lasted eight hours with a break for lunch.
My mother worked as a teacher at a school and received, with all the bonuses (classroom guidance, work experience, extra hours), 200 rubles. Dad was a professor, doctor of pedagogical sciences and head of the department at the Institute of Culture. The salary was 500 rubles, and with allowances for graduate students, students, extra hours and writing books, he got more than 700 rubles. In general, in the USSR, scientists and teachers earned good money. There were co-payments for a scientific degree, and the hours of associate professors and professors were paid higher than those of ordinary teachers.
Pensions averaged about 80 rubles, but my grandfather had about 120 rubles.
Vladimir Panushkin, director of Socioma.RU:
- I studied at the Pedagogical School N1 named after. K. D. Ushinsky from 1974 to 1978. The scholarship was 30 rubles. Increased - 35. Then, at the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute. V. I. Lenin (1978-1983), the scholarship was 40 rubles, increased - 50. After serving in the army, he worked for a year at the Research Institute of Content and Teaching Methods of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences (NII SIMO APN USSR) as a junior researcher with a salary of 130 rub. My wife graduated from the same institute with honors and therefore received 5 rubles. more - 135.
For reference: a color TV "Ruby 714" then cost 750 rubles. For us it was too expensive. The first installment for a two-room cooperative apartment was 4,400 rubles. A loaf of bread cost from 13 to 28 kopecks. My wife bought Portuguese boots for 120 rubles. Subway fare - 5 kopecks, tram - 3, trolleybus - 4. Cigarettes "Prima" - 14 kopecks, "Java", "Capital" - 40 kopecks each. As a student, I managed to earn some money in the summer in a pioneer camp - I earned 150-200 rubles as a counselor.
Yuri Timoshenkov, creative director of "Media Mass. Headquarters":
— In 1982 he entered the Sevastopol Instrument-Making Institute. Scholarship - 40 rubles. For comparison: "on the collective farm" in the first year, the guys who worked as loaders at a cannery earned 250-270 rubles in a month and a half, and those who, like me, picked tomatoes and grapes, earned 150 each. In 1984 dropped out of college. He got a job as a carpenter at a furniture factory, the first salary was 190 rubles. The foreman earned up to 350 rubles, which is comparable to the salary of his father, who, with the rank of captain of the second rank, served as the commander of a diesel submarine; in the Crimea, he received 350-400 rubles, and in the North with all the allowances and "autonomy" - up to 750. Mom worked at school as a teacher primary school. With all the bonuses, her salary did not exceed 150-160 rubles.
Igor Tulin, digital marketing specialist, "Zakharov Consulting":
- Before entering the institute, I worked as a packer in the printing house of the Central Committee of the Komsomol "Young Guard", my salary was 140 rubles. I always overfulfilled the plan by 10-30% and received a good bonus. After graduation in 1984, he was sent to the plant in Elektrostal as a shop economist. I was given a salary of 120 rubles. However, we always received bonuses, and the total income was 220-240 rubles, while my vacation was 30 calendar days. The city had an excellent supply, selling jeans, corduroy pants, branded sweaters and boots. Salamander autumn boots - 60 rubles, Super Rifle "bananas" - 120, fashionable sweater, Holland - 70. At the same time, in order to buy jeans for my wife, I had to save three or four months. Later, I moved to another workshop as a rationing worker, their salaries were higher - 140-150 rubles. Of course, I knew the salary of each worker, because I calculated it myself. So the head of the shop received about 500 rubles. Senior steelmaker of an open electric furnace - up to 600 rubles. There were three people from the workshop. Some Hero of Socialist Labor could receive up to 700 rubles - there were five of them for the entire plant. The foreman of the ditchers received about 300 rubles - according to the severity physical labor this is the most hell of a job. Imagine: dismantling and assembling molds and molds at sub-zero temperatures, despite the fact that the steel casting temperature is about 1400 ° C and it all cools down in the ditch. They sewed the soles of special boots with car tires, otherwise the legs would simply burn. Cleaners were the lowest paid - about 80 rubles.
Pensioners at the plant received both a pension and a salary with bonuses. They provided not only themselves, but also shoes and clothes for their grandchildren. It was this layer that bought the cars. When I came to the plant in 1984, according to the order, they gave us one Volga GAZ-24 to the workshop, so the announcement of the record hung for about two months - no one could afford it.
My duties also included the approval of the award to the director of the plant and his deputies. So, the director received from 800 rubles. up to 1000 rubles, if there was no death, which happened quite often. For a fatal accident, many people were deprived of their bonuses - the director, the deputy for safety, the chief engineer, the head of the shop, etc.
My father worked as a middle-level manager in the Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy. Since he had many copyright certificates (more than 140 and wrote about 20 books, he was the editor-in-chief of the trade magazine "Stal"), in some months he received up to 1,500 rubles.
We completed the first construction team at the 1980 Olympics. Earned from 500 to 700 rubles. A bottle of Finnish liquor in a restaurant cost 7 rubles. Chick in a restaurant - 25 rubles. for four. If you order one cognac and salad "Capital", then you could pass the evening for 3 rubles. In the construction team on the construction of the Oskol Electrometallurgical Plant, they earned 700 per month. There were detachments where they "mastered" both 1,500 and 3,000 rubles.
Women's boots cost 120 rubles, a good jacket from 40 to 80 rubles. It was believed that he booed.
