Rocket engine 85 specifications. Anti-submarine missile systems Metel and Rastrub-B

In accordance with the decision of the Council of Ministers, issued in October 1960, the Soviet defense industry developed three new anti-submarine missile systems, two of which were put into service. Already in the mid-sixties, it was decided to continue work in this direction and create new anti-submarine systems. By the beginning of the seventies, several projects of new missile systems were created.

Start 85RU with BOD project 1155 (photo from the Chinese site iask.sina.com.cn)

URPK-3 and URPK-4 "Metel"

First new system of this class was the complex URPK-3 "Metel". The development of the complex was entrusted to the ICB "Rainbow" (Dubna) and the All-Russian Research Institute "Altair" (Moscow). A.Ya. became the chief designer of the project. Bereznyak (MKB "Rainbow"), work at the All-Russian Research Institute "Altair" was supervised by G.N. Volgin. In addition to the Raduga ICD, several other organizations involved in the creation of various components new rocket and the entire complex. In accordance with the terms of reference, the anti-submarine complex URPK-3 "Metel" was intended for surface ships of projects 1134A and 1134B. Some time after the start of development, the fleet expressed a desire to arm ships of other types with the Metel complex. A variant of the system for arming ships of projects 1135 and 1135M received the designation URPK-4 and retained the “name”. Due to other requirements due to the characteristics of the ships, the URPK-4 complex received a new launcher and control system.

A unique shot of the KT-100 launcher (most likely BOD pr. 1134B), in which two 85RU rocket-torpedoes of the Rastrub complex (left) and two 85R missiles of the Metel complex are simultaneously placed (photo by D.Nelson from rbase.new -factoria.ru)

The main element of both Metel complexes was the 84R guided missile. For the first time in domestic practice, an anti-submarine complex received a cruise missile. The rocket, 7.2 m long, had a cylindrical body with a diameter of 0.58 m, with a deltoid wing and front horizontal tail mounted on it. The launch weight of the rocket is about 3.8 tons. A keel was provided in the tail section of the hull. An AT-2UM torpedo, developed at the Gidropribor Research Institute, was to be suspended under the rocket body. To increase combat effectiveness, the rocket body was provided with its own warhead, thanks to which the ammunition, if necessary, could hit surface targets.

URPK-3 "Metel" in its purest form - 85R rocket-torpedoes in the launcher KT-100 BOD pr. 1134A "Admiral Yumashev" (photo from moremhod.info)

The 84P rocket received a solid-propellant engine, which allowed it to reach speeds of up to 0.95M. The torpedo was delivered to a distance of 6 to 50 km from the carrier ship. After the launch, the rocket had to rise to a height of 400 m and keep it until it reached the target area. Unlike previous domestic anti-submarine missiles, the ammunition of the Metel complex received a radio command control system. The onboard equipment of the ship, using a hydroacoustic station or other similar systems, was supposed to determine the location of the target and form commands to control the missile. Thus, the missile could be launched into the target area, taking into account the maneuvers of the latter.

Arriving in a given area, the 84R missile was supposed to drop a torpedo. To avoid damage during splashdown, the AT-2UM torpedo was equipped with a parachute system. After splashdown, the torpedo sank to the depth of the intended target location and began a circulation search. Moving at a speed of 23 knots, the AT-2UM torpedo used a two-plane acoustic guidance system with a response radius of up to 1000 m. After detecting a target, the torpedo had to accelerate to 40 knots. The range of the ammunition was 8 km, the maximum depth of target destruction was 400 m. The warhead carried 100 kg of explosive.

The main difference between the URPK-3 and URPK-4 complexes lies in the used launchers. So, on the ships of projects 1134A and 1134B, it was proposed to use two KT-106 launchers with containers for four missiles on each. Two launchers of this type were proposed to be located at the sides of the ship, under the wing of the navigation bridge. Horizontal guidance was provided within a small sector limited by the superstructure of the ship. On the front wall of the launchers there were hinged covers. The missiles were placed inside the launcher and held by guides located on the upper side. inner surface container. The Grom-M system was used to control the launcher and the missile system as a whole on Project 1134 ships.

Launcher KT-100M URK "Rastrub" with four missile-torpedoes 85RU on BOD pr.1155 (photo from the page of the Myanmar Navy on facebook.com)

The architecture of the patrol ships of projects 1135 and 1135M forced the authors of the Metel project to change the design of the launcher. In the bow of these ships, a KT-100 launcher was installed with four missile containers located side by side. This launcher could rotate in a horizontal plane and thus simplified the use of anti-submarine missiles. Together with the launcher for four missiles on the ships of Project 1135, the Monsoon control system was used.

The URPK-3 Metel anti-submarine missile system with the 84R guided missile was put into service in 1973. Its first carriers were 10 ships of Project 1134A and 7 ships of Project 1134B. Soon the URPK-4 complex was adopted with a different launcher and control system. Anti-submarine systems of the Metel family were actively used until the mid-eighties, after which they began to be replaced by newer systems.

URK-5 "Rastrub-B"

Back in 1976, the Dubninsk Design Bureau "Rainbow" and the All-Russian Research Institute "Altair" were tasked to develop a new anti-submarine missile system with higher performance. New project received the name URK-5 "Rastrub-B". The URK-5 anti-submarine complex is a deep modernization of the systems of the Metel family. So, his 85RU guided missile became an updated and improved version of the old 84R. The general features of the complex remained the same, but numerous improvements led to a noticeable increase in its characteristics.

The main element of the Rastrub-B complex was still a cruise guided missile with a solid propellant engine carrying a small-sized torpedo. The dimensions and weight of the 85RU rocket remained at the level of the corresponding parameters of the 84R product. At the same time, the launch weight of the rocket increased to 4 tons, and the maximum launch range increased to 55 km. The terms of reference for the URK-5 project implied the creation of a universal missile system, which, in particular, was reflected in the letter "U". For this reason, the rocket received an infrared homing head and a 185-kg warhead. With the help of these components, the 85RU missile could attack enemy surface ships.

The missile launcher of the URK-5 complex was borrowed from the URPK-3 Metel system. As before, the ship could carry two launchers with four missiles each. KT-106 launchers retained the possibility of limited horizontal guidance. The fire control system of the Rastrub-B complex was a modified version of the Monsoon system. Due to the specific requirements for the complex, she received an additional mode for firing at surface targets. So, when attacking an underwater target, the rocket was supposed to fly at an altitude of 400 m, and when firing at surface ships, the ammunition did not rise above 15-20 m.

Rocket-torpedoes 85RU in the launcher KT-106M SKR "Pylky" pr. 11352 (photo from forums.airbase.ru by Pytlivy808)

As a warhead of an anti-submarine missile, a small-sized UMGT-1 torpedo developed by the Gidropribor Research Institute was proposed. Max Speed new torpedo was 41 knots, the immersion depth was up to 500 m. The cruising range remained at the level of the previous torpedo of the Metel complex and was 8 km. In addition, the response radius of the guidance system has increased to 1.5 km. The general algorithms of the URK-5 Rastrub-B complex, such as the launch process, the flight of a rocket and the attack of an enemy submarine with a torpedo, were similar to the operation of the systems of the Metel family.

The URK-5 complex was adopted by the Soviet Navy in 1984. These anti-submarine systems were installed on existing ships during repairs, incl. projects 1134 and 1135, and also mounted on new technology for the fleet. The Rastrub-B system was received by ships of the following projects: 1134A, 1134B, 1135, 1135M, 11352 and 1155. Some of these ships still serve in the Russian Navy.

Slightly edited diagram of the 85RU rocket-torpedo of the Rastrub complex from A. Pavlov's book "BOD of the Udaloy type" (1-19)

Rocket-torpedo 85RU of the "Trumpet" complex in the Museum of the Design Bureau "Rainbow" (photo by E. Erokhin, Vzlyot magazine No. 12/2006, p. 55)

The 85RU missile itself - a pylon is clearly visible, to which a container with a torpedo and FBCh is suspended (photo from moremhod.info)

According to materials:
http://flot.sevastopol.info/
http://zonwar.ru/
http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/
Shirokorad A.B. domestic fleet. 1945-2000. - Minsk: "Harvest", 2001

To accelerate the development of underwater weapons, on May 4, 1976, Decree CM No. 302-116 was issued on the development of work on the creation of underwater weapons, which provides for the development of a number of fundamentally new anti-submarine weapons systems and the expansion of the front research work.

In 1984, the URK-5 Rastrub-B universal missile system (NATO designation SS-N-14 Silex) with the 85RU missile torpedo, which was the result of the modernization of the URPK-3 and URPK-4 Metel complexes, was adopted by anti-submarine surface ships. . The difference between the new complex and the prototypes is its versatility in terms of targets - it can be used to destroy both submarines and surface ships.

The 85RU cruise missile of the URK-5 complex carries a warhead on a pylon - a small-sized (caliber 400 mm) UMGT-1 anti-submarine homing torpedo. Application in an anti-submarine guided missile system cruise missile provides a significant increase in the efficiency of the complex in comparison with the use of a ballistic missile of a similar purpose. To destroy surface ships, the 85RU rocket has a thermal homing head and an additional explosive charge (weight 185 kg) located in the rocket gondola.

The rocket starting engine is solid-propellant 85RSD, the main engine is also solid-propellant 85RMD. Marching flight to the target area was carried out at a constant altitude provided by the autopilot on signals from the altitude corrector. Control system - radio command. The glider is an all-metal, free-floating, mid-wing monoplane. The cylindrical part of the fuselage smoothly passes into a specially profiled tail section, ending with a rudder. In order to reduce the length of the rocket, the warhead - the torpedo - is placed under the rocket body, and the minimum transverse dimension is achieved by folding the wing and keel consoles. Main materials used: AL-19, AMG-6, AL-19T, steel 30HGSA.

KT-106 launchers have four containers and are guided in a horizontal plane, which allows you to attack without additional maneuvering. Shooting is carried out with two-rocket volleys or single rocket torpedoes according to the data of own GAS and external sources of target designation - ships, helicopters or sonar buoys at ranges from 6 to 55 km. The firing control system of the URK-5 complex is similar to the "Monsoon" system of the URPK-4 complex, however, an additional control mode has been introduced when firing at surface targets - in this case, the missile flies at an altitude of 15 m, and not 400, as is the case when firing at underwater goals. The control system allows you to adjust the missile's flight path depending on the change in the current acoustic bearing to the target. The maximum firing range can only be fully realized with external target designation.

At the command of the ship's control system, the torpedo at the estimated location of the submarine is separated from the missile and splashed down on a parachute, then goes deep, conducts a circulation search by the homing system and hits the target. The speed of the UMGT-1 torpedo (developer - Research Institute Gidropribor) is 41 knots, the cruising range is 8 km, the cruising depth is 500 m, the response radius of the homing system is 1.5 km. UMGT-1 separates from the missile at the calculated point of the march trajectory, splashes down on a parachute, performs a circular search for the target, aims at the target and hits it.

The Rastrub-B complex was equipped with patrol ships of projects 1155, 1134A, 1134B, 1135, 1135m and 11352.
In September 2013, it became known that the Main Command of the Navy decided to modernize anti-submarine missiles manufactured in the early 1960s from several missile systems. The decision was made due to the lack of modern models, as well as the extension of the service life of old warships against the background of the modernization of the Navy control system. It is supposed to replace the missile electronics responsible for target designation. First of all, it was about 39 85RU missiles of the Rastrub-B missile system. Work on updating missiles will be carried out until the end of August 2014, 41.3 million rubles are allocated for this.

Tactical specifications missile system URK-5 "Rastrub-B":
Maximum firing range, km: 55;
Target destruction depth, m: 500;
Flight speed, M: 0.95;
Flight altitude, m; 15 - 400;
Starting weight, kg: about 4000;
Rocket length, m: 7.2;
Rocket body diameter, mm: 574;
Overall diameter, m: 1.35;
Number of PU, pcs.: 4-8;
Launch readiness time after receiving target designation, sec.: 15

Cruise missile 85RU of the Rastrub-B missile weapon system

Launcher KT-100M URK "Rastrub" with four rocket-torpedoes 85RU on BOD pr.1155

Classification

Production history

Operation history

Geometric and mass characteristics

Power point

flight data

on high

near the ground/water

URK-5 "Rastrub-B"- Soviet universal missile system. It is used to arm large anti-submarine and patrol ships in order to destroy submarines and surface ships.

The history of the development of the complex

To accelerate the pace of development of the level of underwater weapons, on May 4, 1976, Resolution CM No. 302-116 was issued on the development of work on the creation of underwater weapons. Which provided for the creation of new complexes of anti-submarine weapons, as well as an increase in the volume of research work in this direction.

In 1984, the universal missile system URK-5 Rastrub-B was adopted by anti-submarine surface ships. Which was the result of work on the modernization of the URPK-3 and URPK-4 missile systems. As any modernization of the old suggests, new complex improved all indicators of its predecessors. URK-5 became more versatile and could be used to destroy enemy surface ships and submarines. The URK-5 complex was developed by the Dubninsk Design Bureau "Rainbow" MAP.

The composition of the complex

Rocket torpedo

The complex URK-5 includes:

• - 85RU cruise missiles with UMGT-1 homing anti-submarine torpedoes as warheads;
• - launchers;
• - shipboard equipment for starting automation;
• - Ground handling facilities.

The 85RU cruise missile of the URK-5 complex carries a warhead on a pylon - a small-sized (caliber 400 mm) UMGT-1 anti-submarine homing torpedo. The use of a guided cruise missile in the complex makes it possible to achieve high efficiency complex in comparison with the use of a ballistic missile of a similar purpose. To destroy surface ships, a thermal homing head with an additional explosive charge (weight 185 kg) was built into the rocket, which was located in the rocket gondola. The rocket starting engine is solid-propellant 85RSD, the main engine is also solid-propellant 85RMD. The marching flight of the rocket was used only at a constant altitude. The glider was made of all-metal and carried a mid-wing monoplane. At the end of the fuselage was the rudder. The warhead in the form of a torpedo was placed under the rocket body, which made it possible to reduce the overall length of the rocket. Mainly used for manufacturing the following materials: AL-19, AMG-6, AL-19T, steel 30HGSA.

Rocket torpedo device

The KT-106 launcher was taken from the URPK-3 "Metel" system. It consisted of 4 containers with the possibility of horizontal guidance. The presence of horizontal guidance made it possible to exclude additional maneuvers of the ship during an attack and capture of a target. The traverse angles were limited. Basically, the ships were equipped with only two such launchers with four missiles each. Shooting from the installation is carried out in volleys of 2 missiles or single rocket-torpedoes according to the data of its own GAS and external sources of target designation - ships, helicopters or sonar buoys at ranges from 6 to 55 km.

The principle of operation of the complex was as follows. At the command of the control system on the ship, the torpedo at a certain calculated point is disconnected from the rocket and descends by parachute. The next step is to gradually deepen it. During which she conducts a circular search with a homing system, finds a target in the affected radius and attacks it. The speed of the UMGT-1 torpedo (developer - Research Institute Gidropribor) is 41 knots, the cruising range is 8 km, the cruising depth is 500 m, the response radius of the homing system is 1.5 km.

Tactical and technical characteristics

Difference from previous analogues

The fire control system of the Rastrub-B complex was a modified version of the Monsoon system of the URPK-4 complex. The refinement of the complex consisted in obtaining an additional mode of firing at surface targets. So, when attacking an underwater target, the rocket was supposed to fly at an altitude of 400 m, and when firing at surface ships, the ammunition did not rise above 15-20 m.

Modernization

In September 2013, the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy decided on the need to modernize missiles designed to combat submarines, which have been produced since the 1960s. Several factors influenced this decision. Firstly, the Russian Navy has so far used Soviet developments that have not been in line with modern requirements weapons. Secondly, the desire to extend the life of old ships against the background of the modernization of the Navy control system. The main direction of modernization was the replacement of the electronic filling of missiles.

Ships equipped with URK-5 Rastrub-B