home Accounting Birds of the Republic of Tatarstan. Lesson on the topic “wintering birds of Tatarstan” What birds of prey live in Tatarstan

Birds of the Republic of Tatarstan. Lesson on the topic “wintering birds of Tatarstan” What birds of prey live in Tatarstan

Slide 2 Anton Solovyov: “How do birds winter?” In winter, our neighboring birds try to stay close to human habitation: it’s warmer and more satisfying here. For a well-fed person, the frost is not so scary. A good lunch warms you from the inside, and the warmth spreads throughout your body. If you don’t lose weight over the winter and preserve the fat under the skin, then even the severe cold that passes through the feather is not dangerous: it cannot freeze the fat under the skin. But the trouble is, it’s not easy to find food in winter. It is difficult for those birds that fed on insects in the summer; they switch to cones, nuts and grains. But we still need to look for this food. It’s easier to survive difficult times together. And so in winter they gather different birds in flocks. After all, how is it in a pack? I found one food and immediately notified everyone: everyone will be full. It is easier to notice the danger in time - there is always someone on guard while others are feeding or dozing. Will be needed from large predator fight back, then it’s easier for everyone here together. So there is no way a little bird can be alone in winter. Even those birds that usually live alone and then join some flock for the winter.

Slide 3 Semenov Daniil: “Nuthatch and Woodpecker” In the park, garden, at the feeders, you can see a nuthatch in a flock of different tits. This small, short-tailed bird immediately attracts attention with its ability to quickly run upside down along a tree trunk. Among the birds, nuthatches are the best lazuns. The special structure of their paws with very long fingers and claws helps them in this. Throughout the warm season, these birds run through the trees, looking for insect pests. In winter they have to go on a plant-based diet. A piece of unsalted lard in a feeder or a bug tucked in the bark is a treat for a nuthatch. The color of the bird is bluish-gray, the neck, chest and abdomen are white, and there is a black stripe from the beak. The woodpecker is a noticeable bird. His back, wings, and tail are black, as if he were wearing a black tailcoat. The throat, chest, and abdomen are white, and on the head there is a bright red cap. It sits on a tree trunk, clinging to the bark with its claws, and also leans on its tail. The woodpecker's tail is unusual: with pointed ends, very hard feathers. Resting its tail against the unevenness of the bark, the woodpecker firmly holds on to the vertical trunk. He needs this kind of strength to hit a tree hard. After all, the woodpecker feeds on worms, beetles and other insects that spoil the tree by gnawing passages deep into the trunk.

Slide 4Bikbova Ilsina: “Tits”Tits are one of the most useful birds for humans, because they destroy many pests. In the spring, when they have a baby, they can eat as many insects in a day as they weigh. These birds are nomadic, but do not fly long distances, only short ones - they can move from the northern regions to the southern ones. “There are several types of tit, and all of them are useful. The more of these birds there are, the better. They need to be attracted using feeders. In spring and summer, tits feed only on insects, and in winter and autumn they eat berries and grain. To prevent the wind from blowing away their food, you can make a ball from lard (unsalted) and “glue” raw sunflower seeds, oats, millet, and flax to it. This food can be hung on a tree or near a window. The titmouse also relishes unsalted lard.

Slide 5 Egorova Liana “Sparrows” In the central zone of the European part of Russia, two types of sparrows live: house (urban) and field (village). They are found together in mixed flocks, especially in late autumn and winter. In spring and summer, individuals of each species stick to their favorite habitats, where they nest and breed. It is not at all difficult to distinguish a house sparrow from a field sparrow: the house sparrow (male) has a dark gray cap on the crown, while the field sparrow has a brown one; The house sparrow has one light stripe on its wings, and the field sparrow has two. In addition, the tree sparrow has black brackets on its cheeks on a light background, and has a white collar around its neck. In terms of physique, the house sparrow is coarser and larger than the field sparrow. The house sparrow is also called the city sparrow, because it is especially numerous in urban settlements and is common even in the largest cities. The tree sparrow received the name country sparrow due to its affinity for rural areas.

Wonderful pictures with migratory and wintering birds. Which birds remain to spend the winter in their homeland, and which ones fly away?

Walking through a park or forest, we listen to birds singing and often simply don’t think about which bird trills so nicely. There are birds that live in our area all year round, but there are also those who fly to “warmer climes” in the fall.

The fact is that in winter it is very difficult for birds to find food for themselves, because insects, berries and grains become scarce, and when snow falls, it is almost impossible to find them at all. AND different types birds solve this problem in different ways: migratory birds fly hundreds and even thousands of kilometers to warmer countries, and sedentary ones adapt to our harsh winters.

A tit in the snow, which apparently wants to eat some seeds

Settled, wintering birds: list, photos with names

To help the birds that remain over the winter find food, feeders are hung. And it is quite possible that they will be of interest to the following visitors:

Sparrow. Noisy sparrows that fly in flocks may well become the first visitors to the feeder.

Tit. Tits are in many ways not inferior to sparrows; they quickly rush to feed in feeders. But compared to sparrows, tits are endowed with a more gentle disposition. Interestingly, in the summer the tit eats almost as much food as it weighs. You can often see mixed flocks of both sparrows and tits at feeders.

Gaichka. A close relative of the tit. However, the chickadee's breast is not yellow, but light brown. The chickadee also differs from other tits in that it makes a hollow in a tree to make a nest in it.

Gaichka - special kind tits

Crow. Ravens are often confused with rooks. It is known that in the western part of Russia crows are very rare. Therefore, if you live in the European part of Russia and see a black bird emitting a piercing croak, then most likely it is a rook.

Pigeon. The distribution and lifestyle of pigeons was largely influenced by people who simply brought them with them to different parts of the Earth. Now pigeons are found on all continents except Antarctica. Pigeons easily change rocks, which are natural environment their habitats, on buildings created by man.

The nodding gait of pigeons is due to the fact that this makes it easier for them to examine the object of interest to them.

Woodpecker. In the warm season, woodpeckers feed mainly on insects, which they get from under the bark of trees, and in the cold winter, they can also feed on plant foods: seeds and nuts.

Magpie. The magpie is considered a bird of high intelligence; it is capable of expressing a lot of emotions, including sadness, and can recognize its reflection in the mirror. It is interesting that not only its fellow birds react to the alarming cry of a magpie, but also other birds, as well as wild animals, in particular bears and wolves.

Magpie - wintering bird

Owl. Owls come in different varieties, large and small, and there are more than 200 species in total. These birds are endowed sharp vision and excellent hearing, which allows them to lead a nocturnal lifestyle. It’s interesting that the tufts on an owl’s head are not ears; owls’ real ears are hidden in the feathers, and one of them is directed upward, and the other downward, in order to better hear what is happening above the head and on the ground.

Owl is a night bird

This bird is also considered an owl and is a close relative of other owls.

A rare owl that lives mainly in mountainous areas in northern latitudes. The name of the bird, according to different versions, means “inedible” or “insatiable.”

Jackdaw. Externally, jackdaws are similar to rooks and crows; moreover, there are mixed flocks in which all three species of birds can be seen. However, the jackdaw is smaller in size than the crow. And if you are lucky enough to observe a jackdaw up close, you can easily recognize it by the gray color of some of its feathers.

Nuthatch. This little bird climbs tree trunks very deftly. In summer, nuthatches hide seeds and nuts in the bark, and in winter they feed on these supplies.

Crossbill. Like the nuthatch, this bird is excellent at climbing trees and can hang upside down on branches. Crossbill's favorite food is seeds from spruce and pine cones. This bird is remarkable in that it can hatch chicks even in winter, but only if there is enough food.

Bullfinch. Only males have bright red plumage on the chest; females look much more modest. Bullfinches are more often seen in winter, because due to lack of food, they are drawn to people. In summer, bullfinches prefer wooded areas and behave inconspicuously, so they are not easy to see.

Waxwing. A bird with beautiful plumage and a singing voice. In summer it feeds mainly on insects and likes to settle in coniferous forests. In winter, the waxwing moves to more southern regions of the country and is often found in cities. In the cold season, rowan and other fruits become the main food for birds.

Jay. A large bird, which, however, can fly to feast on a feeder hung by people. In the summer it is rarely seen in the city, but closer to winter the bird begins to reach out to human habitation.

Kinglet. One of the smallest birds, the weight of an adult male is only 5-7 grams. Kinglets are relatives of sparrows.

Kinglet - forest dweller

. A large bird that is a favorite trophy for many hunters. Pheasants can fly, but most often move on foot.

Grouse. It is also an object of hunting, despite the fact that this bird is quite small. The weight of an adult hazel grouse rarely reaches 500 g. Interestingly, the largest population of these birds lives in Russia.

The hazel grouse is a bird that is related to the black grouse

Another bird that is related to hunting. Black grouse are found at the edge of the forest and in the forest-steppe.

Falcon. It is considered one of the smartest birds on the planet and one of the best hunters. The falcon is capable of working in tandem with a person, but it is very difficult to tame it.

. Like the falcon, it is a bird of prey. A hawk's vision is 8 times sharper than a human's. And rushing after prey, the hawk can reach speeds of up to 240 km/h.

Migratory and nomadic birds: list, photos with names

Rooks differ from crows in having a gray-yellow beak. In Kuban and Ukraine, you can see how in the fall rooks gather in huge flocks, so large that the sky seems black from the birds soaring in it - these are rooks that fly south. However, rooks are classified as migratory birds only conditionally, some of them remain to winter in central Russia, some winter in Ukraine, and only some birds fly to the warm shores of Turkey for the winter.

They really like to fly to freshly dug ground, sometimes they fly right behind a plowing tractor in order to have time to get as many worms and larvae as possible from the dug up ground.

This inconspicuous bird with a singing voice loves warmth, and therefore flies south in the fall. And for wintering, our native nightingales chose hot Africa. These birds fly to the eastern part of the continent - Kenya and Ethiopia - for the winter. However, local residents cannot enjoy their singing, because nightingales sing only during the mating season, which takes place in their homeland.

Martin. Swallows love rocky terrain; they often settle on the steep walls of quarries that people have dug. However, our winters are too harsh for swallows and therefore in the fall they fly to the southern part of Africa, far from us, or to Tropical Asia.

Chizh. Like the rook, it is a migratory bird that arrives early and winters nearby: in the Caucasus, Kazakhstan and southern Europe. Externally, siskins are inconspicuous, their gray-green feathers are absolutely not noticeable against the background of the branches. The bird's temperament matches its appearance: quiet and meek.

Goldfinch. In Europe it is a wintering bird, however, in Russia goldfinches can only be seen in summer. By winter, goldfinches gather in flocks and move to lands with a warmer climate. Goldfinches are close relatives of siskins.

The goldfinch is one of the most colorful birds

A slender bird that runs quickly along the ground and shakes its tail with every step. Wagtails spend the winter in eastern Africa, southern Asia, and sometimes southern Europe.

Quail. The only bird from the Galliformes order that is migratory. The weight of an adult quail is not so large and amounts to 80-150 g. In summer, quails can be found in fields sown with wheat and rye. Quails winter far beyond the borders of our homeland: in southern Africa and southern Asia, on the Hindustan Peninsula.

Thrush. The song thrush, with its sweet trills, creates worthy competition for the nightingale. A appearance his, like that of the nightingale, is inconspicuous. In winter, blackbirds become Europeans: Italy, France and Spain are their second homeland.

Lark. Larks return from warm countries very early; sometimes already in March you can hear their sonorous song, which becomes a harbinger of spring warmth. And larks spend the winter in Southern Europe.

Gull. With the onset of cold weather, seagulls living on the coasts northern seas, migrate to the Black and Caspian Seas. But over the years, seagulls are increasingly drawn to people, and increasingly remain to spend the winter in cities.

. Swifts winter in Africa, and fly to its equatorial part or even go to southern part mainland.

Starlings really need birdhouses, since most often they breed their offspring in them. And our starlings go to Southern Europe and East Africa for the winter.

This bizarre black cloud is a flock of starlings returning home

Finch. Finches from the western part of the country winter mainly in Central Europe and the Mediterranean, and finches that live near the Urals in the summer go to winter in Southern Kazakhstan and southern regions Asia.

Chaffinch - a noisy inhabitant of the forest

Heron. It is quite difficult to determine where herons spend the winter; some of them travel huge distances to South Africa, some winter in the Crimea or the Kuban, and in the Stavropol Territory, herons sometimes even remain for the winter.

Crane. These birds are monogamous, and once having chosen a partner, they remain faithful to him throughout their lives. Cranes settle in swampy areas. And their wintering places are as diverse as those of herons: Southern Europe, Africa and even China - in all these parts of the world you can find cranes that have flown from Russia to spend the winter.

Stork. In Russia there are black and white storks. White storks build huge nests, up to one and a half meters wide, and make very long flights to the south. Sometimes they cross half the planet and reach South Africa, a country located in the very south of Africa.

Swan. The swan is a bird that represents devotion and romance. Swans are waterfowl, so for wintering they choose places near water, often the Caspian or Mediterranean Sea.

Duck. Wild ducks, as a rule, do not fly far in winter and remain in the vast expanses of post-Soviet states. It is noteworthy that their domestic relatives also begin to worry in the fall and sometimes try to fly away, sometimes they even fly over fences and fly short distances.

. Cuckoos live in forests, forest-steppe, and steppe. The vast majority of cuckoos fly to tropical and South Africa for the winter; less commonly, cuckoos winter in South Asia: India and China.

. A small bird with a singing voice and bright plumage that flies to the tropics for the winter.

. They wake up at dawn and are among the first to start the morning song. This little songbird used to be called a robin. Robins fly to Southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East to spend the winter and are among the first to return home.

What is the difference between migratory birds and wintering birds: presentation for preschoolers

Slide 2

Slide 3: presentation of migratory birds

Why do migratory birds fly to warmer regions where they spend the winter, and why do they come back?

Winter is a harsh test for birds. And only those who are in harsh conditions can get their own food.

What could be the ways for birds to survive in the cold season?

Some birds store food for the winter in the summer. They hide plant seeds, nuts, acorns, caterpillars and larvae in grass and cracks in tree bark. Such birds include the nuthatch.
Some birds are not afraid of people and live near residential buildings. In winter, they find food in feeders and garbage heaps.
Some birds are predators and feed on rodents. Eat predator birds, which can feed on hares, hunt fish, small birds and bats.

If a bird can find food for itself in winter, it means it does not need to go on a tedious and difficult flight to warmer climes in the fall.

It would seem that everything is simple, and the only reason for the seasonal migration of birds is the lack of food. But in reality there are more questions here than answers. For example, imagine that a wild duck, which is a migratory bird, is provided with an artificially heated pond and a sufficient amount of food. Will she stay for the winter? Of course not. She will be called on a long journey by a strong feeling that is difficult to explain, called natural instinct.

It turns out that birds fly to warmer regions, as if out of habit, because their ancestors did this for hundreds and thousands of years.

Another question that requires an answer: why do birds return from warm countries every spring? Ornithological scientists have concluded that the beginning of the return flight is associated with the activation of sex hormones and the beginning of the breeding season. But why do birds fly thousands of kilometers and hatch their chicks exactly where they were born? Poets and romantic people say that birds, like people, are simply drawn to their homeland.

How do migratory birds know where to fly? A question to which to this day there is no clear answer. It has been experimentally proven that birds can navigate in completely unfamiliar terrain and in conditions of limited visibility, when neither the sun nor the stars are visible. They have an organ that allows them to navigate magnetic field Earth.

But the mystery remains how young individuals, who have never flown to warm regions before, find their own wintering place, and how do they know the route to fly? It turns out that in birds, at the genetic level, information about the point on the map where you need to fly is recorded and, moreover, a route to it is drawn.

Do migratory birds build nests in the south?

Birds wintering in warm regions do not lay eggs or hatch chicks, which means they do not need a nest. Only chicks that migratory birds will hatch in their homeland need a nest.

Which birds are the first and last to arrive in spring?

They arrive first in the spring rooks. These birds are returning to their homeland in early spring when the first thawed patches appear in the snow. With their strong beaks, rooks dig out larvae in such thawed areas, which form the basis of their diet.

The last to arrive are the birds, which feed on flying insects. These are swallows, swifts, and orioles. The diet of these birds consists of:

Since the emergence of a large number of adult flying insects from larvae requires warm weather and about two weeks of time, the birds that feed on them fly to their homeland after the mass appearance of these insects.

Which birds are the first and last to fly away in the fall?

With the onset of autumn cold weather, insects complete their active life cycle and go into hibernation. Therefore, the birds that feed on insects are the first to fly to warmer climes. Then the birds fly away and feed on the plants. Waterfowl are the last to fly away. There is enough food in the water for them even in autumn. And they fly away before the water in reservoirs begins to freeze.

VIDEO: Birds fly south

What flock of migratory birds promises snow?

By folk signs, if a flock of wild ones flew south geese— you need to wait for the first snow to fall. This sign may not coincide with real weather phenomena. So in the north of Russia, geese fly to warmer climes in mid-September, and snow can fall much earlier. Let's say the first snow in Norilsk this year fell on August 25th. In the south, geese fly to warmer climes at the end of October, and sometimes even at the beginning of November. The first snow in these areas may occur around this time. But it all depends on the weather conditions in autumn. Indian summer here can last throughout October.

VIDEO: Geese gather in flocks to fly south

Which bird from the order Galliformes is migratory?

A migratory bird from the order Galliformes is quail. The quail's habitat extends beyond Russia in the west and south. In the east, these birds live up to the western coast of Lake Baikal. They are widespread in Europe, Western Asia and Africa.

For the winter they fly south. And they winter in Hindustan, Northern Africa and South-West Asia.

VIDEO: How do migratory birds fly?

Goals of the game:

systematize students’ knowledge about the life activity of birds, their relationships with environment;
deepen students' environmental knowledge;
to instill in them a humane attitude towards birds, a sense of responsibility towards all living things and teach them to realize the need for careful treatment of nature;
promote the development of a sense of collectivism and cohesion.

Equipment:

A tape recorder and recordings of birdsong and dance tunes.
A chest (a beautifully decorated box) with tokens - questions.
For the captains competition, cards with images of birds, sheets of paper, pens.
Two cards for the “Eight Birds” competition, sheets of paper, pens, markers.
Various bird food (sunflower seeds, pine cones, millet, a piece of lard, rowan berries, birch seeds...)
For the “Building Feeders” competition, unnecessary items such as: milk cartons, mayonnaise buckets, various boxes, wire.
Cards with encrypted letters.

DURING THE CLASSES

(The sound of birds singing).

Leading: Hello guys! Today we have gathered to talk about wintering birds.

Many birds fly south
Many spend the winter here.
Jackdaw, crow, bullfinch, sparrow.
Come on guys, remember them quickly!

Children name wintering birds, then divide into 2 teams. The presenter introduces the jury members.

It's hard for birds to live in winter,
Find food for yourself.
Who can do them except us?
Save from hunger?
Covered with snowdrifts
Hillocks, courtyards, paths,
The birds can't find it
Not a grain, not a crumb.
And now they fly weaker and weaker
Crow, jackdaw, sparrow.
Help quickly, children!
Here at the most difficult hour
The birds are waiting for us to save them!
Feed them! Keep them warm!
Take the house to bitch
Scatter the crumbs on the snow,
Or even semolina porridge...
And the poor things will come to life.
Sliding merrily across the sky,
Feathered friends will take flight
And they will sing, tweeting:
"Thank you great"

Competition "Chest of Questions"

Soroka brings a chest to each team in turn and one of the participants takes out a token with numbers from it. The presenter reads out the question under this number, and the team gives an answer to it. Each question is worth 1 point.

1. What birds spend the night buried in the snow? (Grouse, partridge, hazel grouse).
2. What benefits do tits bring in winter? (They destroy the testicles and larvae of insects).
3. Which bird loves jewelry and other shiny objects? (Magpie).
4. What bird breeds chicks in winter? (Crossbill).
5. What birds hunt at night? (Owls).
6. Which bird drums? (Woodpecker).
7. Which bird changes color in winter? (Ptarmigan).
8. What birds can climb a tree trunk with their heads down? (Nuthatch).
9. When is the sparrow’s body temperature higher: in winter or summer? (Same)
10. What bird hangs on trees in winter upside down, with its back down? Why? (Tits. The branches are covered with snow on top, so they get insects on bottom side branches).
11. How many different tits live in our area? (Great, Long-tailed, Crested, Muscovy, Blue Tit).
12. What corvid birds live in our area? (Crow, hoodie, rook, magpie, jackdaw, jay).
13. Which bird uses its beak to hollow out a hole in a tree for its nest? (Woodpecker).
14. We observed from the window the behavior of sparrows flying to the feeder, we can determine what the weather is like outside. How? (In cold weather, sparrows are disheveled - this makes it easier to retain body heat).

Competition "Eight Birds"

Leading: There are eight birds hidden in the text you are about to read. Find their names and write them down. For each bird found, 3 points are awarded.

“The girls set up canteens for birds. D crow came in, cleaned it up in the corner rubbish Oka It's convenient here, actually another goal oh place. Nursed here large birds flask soy ka neck. The other dining room is you juice, l better for small birds check, and n hell with tree branches. You just have to come running to the forest Nice, ina what a rosary I won’t be able to feed, I can’t get a feeder.”

(Crow, magpie, goldfinch, falcon, mint, jay, crossbill, tap dancer).

"Captains Competition"

Team captains are invited. Soroka hands them blank sheets of paper.

Leading: Here are cards with images of birds: jackdaw, jay, nuthatch, pigeon, mute swan, green woodpecker. Each card has its own number. I will ask the captains questions about these birds. When answering a question, you write only the number of the picture that depicts the bird you need. (For each correct answer, 2 points are awarded).

This forest bird feeds on acorns and nuts. The most beautiful of the ravens. By storing acorns for the winter, it promotes reforestation. (Jay – 2).
This bird is a symbol of peace. Air postman. (Dove – 4).
This bird is from the Red Book. Helps small birds by providing housing during the winter cold. (Green woodpecker – 6).
This bird easily climbs a tree trunk upside down. (Nuthatch).
Birds and young birds are brownish-gray, and become white after a few years. (Mute swan – 5).
A city bird living next to humans. (Jackdaw - 1).

Physical education lesson “The birds have arrived”

Leading: I will now list the birds, but if you hear something else, you need to clap your hands and stomp your feet.

Birds arrived: pigeons, tits, storks, crows, jackdaws, flies and swifts.
Birds arrived: pigeons, tits, storks, crows, jackdaws, pasta.
Birds arrived: pigeons, tits, storks, crows, jackdaws, swifts, mosquitoes, cuckoos.
Birds arrived: pigeons, martens, buntings, nuthatches, woodpeckers.
Birds arrived: pigeons, tits, jackdaws, swifts, storks, siskins, cuckoos, even scops owls, swans, starlings...
Well done to all of you!

Competition "Mysterious Letter" (Application )

– Decipher the letter

Teams are given envelopes with letters. Each correctly deciphered letter is worth 5 points.

1. Hello yun-nat-ami school-flax-ika-m from-winter-shelter-them. The birds helped, fed. Very cold, but hungry.

2. Greetings yun-nat-ami school-flax-ika-m from d-alyo-south-from p-ern-at-yh! We'll be here soon.

A. Yaschin

“Feed the birds in winter”(read by the presenter).

Feed the birds in winter!
Let it come from all over
They will fly to you like home
Flock on the porch.

How many are dying - they cannot be counted,
It's hard to see.
But in our heart there is
And it's warm for the birds

Train your birds in the cold
To your window
So that you don’t have to go without songs
Let's welcome spring.

Competition "Bird's Dining Room"

Leading: I will show you the food, and the teams will take turns naming the bird that loves this food. For each correct answer, teams receive 2 points.

Sunflower seeds ––> tits;
Spruce seeds, cones ––> crossbill, woodpecker;
Oak seeds ––> jay;
A piece of lard ––> tit;
Millet ––> sparrows, pigeons;
Rowan berries ––> bullfinch, waxwing;
Food waste ––> jackdaws, crows;
Burdock seeds ––> goldfinch.

Competition “Building Feeders”

The children are invited to make bird feeders from the proposed materials. The maximum number of points for a feeder is 10 points.

Competition "Circle of Knowledge"

Each team is asked 10 questions in the form of a quick survey to identify the range of knowledge about birds. For this competition, teams will receive as many points as they give correct answers.

Questions for the 1st team:

1. The forelimbs of birds are... (wings)
2. Part of the lower limb, characteristic only of birds. (Tsevka)
3. This sense organ is the least developed in birds. (Smell)
4. From them came birds. (Reptiles).
5. How do pigeons drink water? (They lower their beak into the water above their nostrils, which are covered with scales, and drink in large sips without raising their beak up.)
6. Like a dipper in winter time gets food at the bottom of the river, why doesn't it freeze in the icy water? (The dipper dives into the hole and, having sunk to the bottom, it quickly runs, clinging with sharp claws, looks for worms, and having found it quickly returns to the top. The dipper’s feathers are covered with a layer of fat.)
7.Chicks of these birds are most often born in the middle of winter. (Crossbill)
8. Which sedentary birds from the crow family can you call the village orderlies? (Raven, crow, rook.)
9. What forest gallinaceous bird besides the black grouse makes leks? (Caercaillie)
10. What do waxwings eat in winter? (Berries of rowan, viburnum.)

Questions for the 2nd team:

1. The skin of birds is covered... (feathers).
2. The bird’s sternum has a high ridge underneath, which is called... (keel).
3. This sense organ in birds is more developed than others. (Vision).
4. “Ancient bird” is... (Archaeopteryx).
5. Birds can turn their heads... (180 degrees).
6. Why is the wood grouse called “wood grouse”? (During the final part of the current song - “grinding” - his ear projections become filled with blood, closing the ears so tightly that the capercaillie does not even hear a weapon shot.)
7. Name 3 types of sedentary birds. (Sparrow, magpie, tit.)
8. What birds store food for the winter? (Jay, nutcracker, nuthatch, titmouse.)
9. Why don’t birds fall from the branch while sleeping? (Birds' legs have special muscles that help them sit on a branch steadily without losing balance.)
10. How does a woodpecker sleep in the nest? (A woodpecker in a hollow sleeps in an upright position, clinging to the wall of the hollow with the sharp claws of its short legs and resting against it with the hard feathers of its tail, i.e., it sleeps “sitting” on its tail.)

Leading: Guys, our competition has come to an end. We think everyone discovered something new today. And the main thing is that birds are our friends, younger brothers, and we, as elders, must take care of and protect them.

The jury sums up the results of the game.

The script is based on materials:

Methodological recommendations for preparing and holding the “Meeting of Wintering Birds” holiday, Kazan, 1997.
Pedagogical creativity, No. 3 2001, A.F. Fazullina, R.R. Khafizov “Wintering Birds”.

Solovyov Anton: “How do birds winter?” In winter, our neighboring birds try to stay close to human habitation: it is warmer and more satisfying here. For a well-fed person, the frost is not so scary. A good lunch warms you from the inside, and the warmth spreads throughout your body. If you don’t lose weight over the winter and preserve the fat under the skin, then even the severe cold that passes through the feather is not dangerous: it cannot freeze the fat under the skin. But the trouble is, it’s not easy to find food in winter. It is difficult for those birds that fed on insects in the summer; they switch to cones, nuts and grains. But we still need to look for this food. It’s easier to get through difficult times together. And in winter, different birds gather in flocks. After all, how is it in a pack? I found one food and immediately notified everyone: everyone will be full. It is easier to notice danger in time; someone is always on guard while others are feeding or dozing. If you need to fight off a large predator, then it’s easier for everyone together. So there is no way a little bird can be alone in winter. Even those birds that usually live alone join some flock for the winter.

Semyonov Daniil: “Nuthatch and Woodpecker” In the park, garden, at the feeders, you can see a nuthatch in a flock of different tits. This small, short-tailed bird immediately attracts attention with its ability to quickly run upside down along a tree trunk. Among the birds, nuthatches are the best lazuns. The special structure of their paws with very long fingers and claws helps them in this. Throughout the warm season, these birds run through the trees, looking for insect pests. In winter they have to go on a plant-based diet. A piece of unsalted lard in a feeder or a bug tucked in the bark is a treat for a nuthatch. The color of the bird is bluish-gray, the neck, chest and abdomen are white, and there is a black stripe from the beak. The woodpecker is a noticeable bird. His back, wings, and tail are black, as if he were wearing a black tailcoat. The throat, chest, and abdomen are white, and on the head there is a bright red cap. It sits on a tree trunk, clinging to the bark with its claws, and also leans on its tail. The woodpecker's tail is unusual: with pointed ends, very hard feathers. Resting its tail against the unevenness of the bark, the woodpecker firmly holds on to the vertical trunk. He needs this kind of strength to hit a tree hard. After all, the woodpecker feeds on worms, beetles and other insects that spoil the tree by gnawing passages deep into the trunk.

Bikbova Ilsina: “Tits” Tits are one of the most useful birds for humans, because they destroy many pests. In the spring, when they have a baby, they can eat as many insects in a day as they weigh. These birds are nomadic, but do not fly long distances, only short ones - from the northern regions they can move to the southern ones. “There are several types of tit, and all of them are useful. The more of these birds there are, the better. They need to be attracted using feeders. In spring and summer, tits feed only on insects, and in winter and autumn they eat berries and grain. To prevent the wind from blowing away their food, you can make a ball from lard (unsalted) and “glue” raw sunflower seeds, oats, millet, and flax to it. This food can be hung on a tree or near a window. The titmouse also relishes unsalted lard.

Egorova Liana “Sparrows” In the central zone of the European part of Russia, two types of sparrows live: house (urban) and field (village). They are found together in mixed flocks, especially in late autumn and winter. In spring and summer, individuals of each species stick to their favorite habitats, where they nest and breed. It is not at all difficult to distinguish a house sparrow from a field sparrow: the house sparrow (male) has a dark gray cap on the crown of the head, while the field sparrow has a brown cap; The house sparrow has one light stripe on its wings, and the field sparrow has two. In addition, the tree sparrow has black brackets on its cheeks on a light background, and has a white collar around its neck. In terms of physique, the house sparrow is coarser and larger than the field sparrow. The house sparrow is also called the urban sparrow, because it is especially numerous in urban settlements and is common even in the largest cities. The tree sparrow received the name country sparrow due to its affinity for rural areas.

Garifullina Gulia “Bullfinches” The bullfinch is larger than a sparrow. It has bright plumage: red on the chest and gray-bluish on the back. Females are similar in appearance to males, but differ in more modest gray plumage. Bullfinches of both sexes have a black cap on the crown and a thick, short black beak. The homeland of bullfinches is the coniferous forests of the northern taiga. Here they make nests and hatch chicks. In September, bullfinches form flocks, and in October they migrate to the forests of the central zone of our country for the winter. At this time, they appear in villages and cities, standing out sharply against the background of the fallen snow. Hence, probably, the name of these birds, bullfinches. In winter, bullfinches stay in mixed and deciduous forests, where they feed on seeds of alder, ash, maple, linden, hornbeam and other trees, as well as shrubs (lilac, etc.). In gardens and parks they eat tree buds, and on the outskirts of fields they look for seeds of quinoa, horse sorrel and other weeds in ravines and wastelands. Bullfinches are especially attracted to rowan trees, which they readily eat. During feeding, they leave traces of their work in the form of opened ash and maple leaves, the remains of linden seeds, the pulp of crushed rowan berries, etc. From these remains it is easy to recognize that bullfinches “ruled” here.

Nikonorova Azalea “Pigeons” The largest of our pigeons is the wood pigeon. It is also easy to distinguish by its clearly visible white spots on the neck and wings. Noble gray plumage with a slight smoky touch. Wood pigeons arrive at the end of March, and from mid-April their mating sounds are constantly heard - a dull buzzing vibrating in an early rhythm. At the same time, you can see the current flights of pigeons: a sudden take-off with a noisy flapping of wings and subsequent smooth gliding. The nest is a loose, flat layer of twigs, built on the side branches of trees and extremely carelessly. A clutch of two pure white eggs is incubated for days. Three weeks later, the chicks leave the nest, and the birds move from the forests to the fields, gathering in large autumn flocks. They fly away in October. In the reserve, the wood pigeon is the most common pigeon. The clintukh is much smaller than the wood pigeon and without any white markings. The wood pigeon arrives earlier; the current voice of the wood pigeon has been heard since the beginning of April. It nests in tree hollows, sometimes at a considerable height. It is found regularly in the reserve, preferring ripe pine forests.

Riddles about birds With a greenish back, a yellowish belly, a black cap and a stripe of a scarf. (Tit) Here is a bird, just a bird, Not a thrush, not a tit, Not a swan, not a duck, And not a nightjar. But this bird, although small, hatches its chicks only in the bitter winter. (Crossbill) Red-breasted, black-winged, Loves to peck grains, With the first snow on the mountain ash He will appear again. (Bullfinch) The small bird has legs but can’t walk. Wants to take a step - It turns out to be a jump. (Sparrow)

2nd grade MBOU "Secondary school of Nizhnyaya Rus"

Presentation about some wintering birds of our region

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Wintering birds of Tatarstan

Solovyov Anton: “How do birds winter?” In winter, our neighboring birds try to stay close to human habitation: it is warmer and more satisfying here. For a well-fed person, the frost is not so scary. A good lunch warms you from the inside, and the warmth spreads throughout your body. If you don’t lose weight over the winter and preserve the fat under the skin, then even the severe cold that passes through the feather is not dangerous: it cannot freeze the fat under the skin. But the trouble is, it’s not easy to find food in winter. It is difficult for those birds that fed on insects in the summer; they switch to cones, nuts and grains. But we still need to look for this food. It’s easier to get through difficult times together. And in winter, different birds gather in flocks. After all, how is it in a pack? I found one food and immediately notified everyone: everyone will be full. It is easier to notice the danger in time - there is always someone on guard while others are feeding or dozing. If you need to fight off a large predator, then it’s easier for everyone together. So there is no way a little bird can be alone in winter. Even those birds that usually live alone and then join some flock for the winter.

Egorova Liana “Sparrows” In the central zone of the European part of Russia, two types of sparrows live: house (urban) and field (village). They are found together in mixed flocks, especially in late autumn and winter. In spring and summer, individuals of each species stick to their favorite habitats, where they nest and breed. It is not at all difficult to distinguish a house sparrow from a field sparrow: the house sparrow (male) has a dark gray cap on the crown, while the field sparrow has a brown one; The house sparrow has one light stripe on its wings, and the field sparrow has two. In addition, the tree sparrow has black brackets on its cheeks on a light background, and has a white collar around its neck. In terms of physique, the house sparrow is coarser and larger than the field sparrow. The house sparrow is also called the urban sparrow, because it is especially numerous in urban settlements and is common even in the largest cities. The tree sparrow received the name country sparrow due to its affinity for rural areas.

Garifullina Gulia “Bullfinches” The bullfinch is larger than a sparrow. It has bright plumage: red on the chest and gray-bluish on the back. Females are similar in appearance to males, but differ in more modest gray plumage. Bullfinches of both sexes have a black cap on the crown and a thick, short black beak. The homeland of bullfinches is the coniferous forests of the northern taiga. Here they make nests and hatch chicks. In September, bullfinches form flocks, and in October they migrate to the forests of the central zone of our country for the winter. At this time, they appear in villages and cities, standing out sharply against the background of the fallen snow. Hence, probably, the name of these birds - bullfinches. In winter, bullfinches stay in mixed and deciduous forests, where they feed on seeds of alder, ash, maple, linden, hornbeam and other trees, as well as shrubs (lilac, etc.). In gardens and parks they eat tree buds, and on the outskirts of fields they look for seeds of quinoa, horse sorrel and other weeds in ravines and wastelands. Bullfinches are especially attracted to rowan trees, which they readily eat. During feeding, they leave traces of their work in the form of opened ash and maple leaves, the remains of linden seeds, the pulp of crushed rowan berries, etc. From these remains it is easy to recognize that bullfinches “ruled” here.

Nikonorova Azalea “Pigeons” The largest of our pigeons is the wood pigeon. It is also easy to distinguish by its clearly visible white spots on the neck and wings. Noble gray plumage with a slight smoky touch. Wood pigeons arrive at the end of March, and from mid-April their mating sounds are constantly heard - a dull buzzing vibrating in an early rhythm. At the same time, you can see the current flights of pigeons: a sudden take-off with a noisy flapping of wings and subsequent smooth gliding. The nest is a loose, flat layer of twigs, built on the side branches of trees and extremely carelessly. A clutch of two pure white eggs is incubated for 17-18 days. Three weeks later, the chicks leave the nest, and the birds move from the forests to the fields, gathering in large autumn flocks. They fly away in October. In the reserve, the wood pigeon is the most common pigeon. The clintukh is much smaller than the cowlick and without any white markings. The whirlwind arrives earlier; the current voice of the whirlwind has been heard since the beginning of April. It nests in tree hollows, sometimes at a considerable height. It is found regularly in the reserve, preferring ripe pine forests.