All kinds of services in the world. Services to the public: the most promising business ideas
Your own enterprise is not just an opportunity to work exclusively for yourself, it is a chance to realize your personal entrepreneurial potential, gain control over your own time and your financial security. The planning stage is always the hardest, because it will determine whether you will be able to succeed in your chosen field. Only a few at the start of their business know exactly what they want to do. For everyone else, we offer a list of business areas that will help determine the direction. It will also be useful to have an extensive one in which you can easily choose and buy the option you like.
How to choose your niche
The field of work you have chosen should not only be profitable, it should allow self-fulfillment, constantly showing your competitors exactly how you differ from them, why the consumer should choose you. Thus, the choice of development direction should be based on the following principles:
- you should enjoy the chosen activity;
- the result of your activity should be in demand and useful for the consumer;
- your work should be profitable, in other words, generate income.
Based on this, it becomes clear that the opening of your own enterprise is preceded by a certain preparatory stage, which includes:
- creating a list of your interests and clients for whom they can be calculated;
- market analysis from the point of view of the consumer;
- assessment of the chosen niche from various positions;
- search for funds to start.
Thus, the choice of business should be made dependent not only on your personal preferences, but also on consumer demand, the ability to implement it precisely in that locality where you are located, as well as the availability of financial resources for the successful launch of the project.
Which area to choose
If we talk about the classification of activities in general, then the whole business can be divided into 5 large groups:
- production;
- commerce;
- finance;
- consulting;
- services.
Of course, the classification does not end there. Each of these categories includes a wide variety of types of entrepreneurship. In order to systematize government bodies even created a whole list of species economic activity, which gives each of them a special code, which facilitates the process of accounting for established enterprises.
So, let's look at all the directions in sections:
The list of business sectors that we have given can be expanded by a more detailed classification. You can view the full list of activities here.
It goes without saying that the industry you choose should match your personal preferences and existing knowledge, but in any case, you will have to start with a business plan, for example, you can view and. Moreover, each of them has a number of advantages. For example, the service sector is different:
- small investment;
- ease of management;
- the possibility of providing additional services;
- no need to invest heavily in advertising and promotion, since this direction often develops thanks to word of mouth.
The sphere of production is more complex and costly already at the initial stage. Usually it is associated with the purchase of expensive equipment, the lease of large premises. But those who decide to succeed in this particular direction can enlist the support of the state, since this particular business is now a priority in Russia. In any case, whatever the chosen niche, it must be in demand, and also benefit society. Only then will your work be rewarded with a good profit.
1. Manufacture of semi-finished products, assemblies, parts by order of firms, clothing accessories, badges, etc.
2. Knitting socks, gloves, clothes.
3. Tailoring.
4. Making hats.
5. Making shoes.
6. Lacework.
7. Embroidery.
8. Manufacture of products "objects of folk art."
9. Baking bakery products.
10. Production of flour, vegetable oil, pasta, sausages, soft and alcoholic drinks, mayonnaise.
11. Preparation and sale of pies, pancakes, barbecue, grilled chicken, shawarma, etc. on the spot.
12. Collection of old household appliances, repair and sale to people with low incomes.
13. Minor repairs of streets and roads.
14. Construction work.
15. Construction of playgrounds, yard complexes.
16. Production of piece furniture.
17. Blacksmithing.
18. Artwork.
19. Architectural and building design.
20. Design work.
21. Breeding purebred cats and dogs.
22. Dressing of animal skins.
23. Manufacture of stuffed animals and birds.
24. Collection of forest gifts - nuts, berries, cones, mushrooms.
Services to the population.
25. Washing sinks, bathtubs.
26. Cleaning clothes.
27. Shoe repair.
28. Repair of plumbing, electrical equipment, gas equipment.
29. Apartment renovation.
30. Cleaning of entrances, corridors, elevators.
31. Cleaning the area around the house.
32. Delivery of medicines to the population.
33. Collection of junk for recycling.
34. Hairdressing services.
35. Cleaning of premises and territory after repair or construction.
36. Funeral services (funeral, wreaths, ribbons, orchestra, tombstones, fences, care of graves).
37. Sharpening of cutting tools (knives, saws, drills, manicure tools, scissors).
38. Production of keys, repair of household hardware.
39. Finding performers household services(assistance to the population) with the help of its own database (transportation of things, a housekeeper, a nanny, piano tuning, apartment renovation, etc.).
40. Furniture repair.
41. Photographing, developing photographic films and printing photographs.
42. Photocopying.
43. Production of audio and video recordings.
44. Installation of television antennas.
45. Installation of automatic washing machines and dishwashers.
46. Broker for the selection of options for renting, buying, exchanging non-residential and residential space.
47. Activity of pawnshops.
48. Services for the protection of motor vehicles.
49. Repair of motor vehicles.
50. Repair of boats, boats.
51. Repair of sports equipment.
54. Rental (household appliances, tools, children's bicycles, toys).
55. Rental of audio and video cassettes.
56. Private paid library.
57. Rental of household appliances, items for tourism, tools, inventory, etc.
58. Renting out housing, a garage, a barn, a basement, a plot of land, a garden, a kitchen garden, a car.
59. Medical care.
60. Dental care.
61. Veterinary services.
Services in large shopping centers and shops under an agreement with them.
62. Expert advice.
63. Packaging of goods.
64. Delivery of bulky goods to customers.
65. Cutting fabrics and hemming curtains purchased at the store.
66. Minor alteration, purchased in a clothing store.
67. Stretching shoes and hats.
68. Performance of engraving works.
69. Installation at the buyer's home of technically complex goods purchased in the store.
70. Storage of things of buyers.
71. Storage of prams.
72. Organization of rest places for buyers.
73. Organization of children's leisure.
74. Organization of the cafeteria.
75. Providing information about the availability of goods for sale.
76. Order a taxi, etc.
77. Acceptance of orders for the repair and maintenance of technically complex goods.
Leisure organization.
78. Organization of recreation for the population: excursions, attractions, boating, boats, horseback riding, etc.
79. Off-site photo-film services: public places, kindergartens, schools, family celebrations, events at enterprises, etc.
81. Dating service.
82. Guides, instructors, guides in cities, in the countryside, in fishing and hunting grounds, in the mountains, etc.
83. Organization of the show, production and director's work.
Educational services.
85. Tutoring.
87. Private courses, schools.
88. Preparation of abstracts, term papers, dissertations.
89. Learning to dance.
90. Teaching good manners, business protocol.
91. Training service and hunting dogs.
92. Dressage of horses.
93. Training of children's groups.
94. Yard coach for children's teams: football, volleyball, hockey, athletics, etc.
95. Organization of aerobics classes, etc.
96. Training of athletes.
97. Learning to swim.
98. Personal training in the craft.
Services to enterprises.
99. Washing windows.
100. Territory care: green spaces, fountains, gazebos, etc.
101. Laundry and dry cleaning of overalls, curtains, tablecloths, carpets, etc.
103. Bicycle, motorcycle courier service for the delivery of correspondence, parcels, small cargo within the city, district.
104. Broker for the selection of options for renting, buying, exchanging non-residential and residential space.
107. Information desks on specific topics providing information by telephone or via the Internet.
108. Announcement bureaus providing services for placing announcements in thematic publications, on the Internet, in public places.
109. Preparation of technical profile books: operation manuals, repair instructions, practical aids etc.
110. Mashburo, computer typing, scanning.
111. Printing documents on printers.
112. Photocopying.
113. Bookbinding.
114. Thematic clippings from newspapers on the orders of clients.
116. Repair of wheeled and tracked vehicles.
117. Repair of production equipment.
118. Cleaning pipes and chimneys industrial enterprises and residential buildings.
119. Audit activity.
120. Procurement and processing of secondary raw materials.
121. Warehouse operations in ports and stations.
122. Water well drilling activities.
123. Activities for the disposal of production and consumption waste.
124. Description, conservation, restoration of archival documents.
125. Activities for the repair and restoration of cultural heritage sites.
126. Activities for the restoration of museum items.
127. Repair of cash registers.
128. Operation of gas stations.
129. Carrying out disinfection, disinsection and deratization works.
130. Real estate activity.
131. Publishing activity.
132. Printing activity.
Transport and related servants.
133. Transportation and transport-operational activities.
134. Transportation of passengers and goods by water transport.
135. Activities for the implementation of freight operations.
136. Freight forwarding services.
137. Servicing passengers in the territories and waters of seaports and roadsteads.
138. Transshipment activities in water transport.
139. Forwarding activities in water transport.
140. Agency activity in water transport.
141. Pilotage of ships on water transport.
142. Loading and unloading activities in railway transport, in sea and river ports.
Small wholesale and retail.
144. Traveling trade.
145. Peddle trade (peddlers, traveling salesmen).
146. Street trade.
147. Small trade by mail.
148. Commercial intermediary or agent.
149. Sale of newspapers and magazines.
150. Sale of flowers, maintenance of pharmacy stalls, etc.
The service industry is a broad business area. To correctly identify a profitable niche, it is necessary to analyze key indicators market. According to the State Statistical Service and other official sources, the most demanded services are those that are in high demand and are consumed in the largest volumes in terms of percentage value.
Analysis of the paid services market
According to Rosstat, in April 2016, the population of the Russian Federation was provided with paid services for 679.6 billion rubles, in January-April 2016. - by 2668.4 billion rubles. Specific gravity expenses for their payment in consumer spending of the population in April 2016. It amounted to 22.1%, which is 0.6% lower than in April 2015.
Comparison of data in percentage and natural ( monetary terms) allows you to highlight the most popular and profitable services in terms of making a profit.
| billion rubles | January-April 2016 in % to January-April 2015 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Total paid services | ||
| including: | ||
| transport | ||
| housing | ||
| hotel | ||
| utilities | ||
| culture | ||
| tourist | ||
| physical education and sports | ||
| medical | ||
| health-improving | ||
| veterinary | ||
| educational | ||
| Price index not calculated |
||
Source: Federal State Statistics Service
In monetary terms, the leaders are (in descending order): utilities, transport, communications, household, medical, educational, housing.
Current business model: Opening a rental company for laborers, income 1.7 million rubles. in year .
Positive growth dynamics (in descending order) for the period under review are: hotel, physical culture and sports, culture, housing, transport, medical.
Thus, transport, housing and medical services are in the greatest demand, judging by the volume of provision for the reporting period, they have a positive growth trend and are in the lead in terms of money.
We do not consider communications and public utilities as a profitable area for business due to their provision to the population by specialized organizations, companies and enterprises.
And household, as one of the most popular types, judging by the volume Money received for their provision during reporting period, we will consider in detail in order to identify those that are in greatest demand.
As a result of data analysis Federal Service state statistics on household services, we get the following picture. In value terms, maintenance and repair of vehicles, machinery and equipment are leading (22,757.8 million rubles); repair and construction of housing (18532.0 million rubles).
Thus remain educational services, we will consider the demand for them in the context of preschool institutions.
Preschool Education Services: Opening a Private Kindergarten
As can be seen in Table 2, the number of preschool education organizations at the end of 2015 decreased by 0.9 thousand.
And the number of pupils, according to Rosstat at the end of 2015, on the contrary, increased to 7160 thousand from 6813.6 thousand registered at the end of 2014. In addition, the number of new buildings significantly exceeds the number of kindergartens that can serve them.
This is what the private economy looks like in numbers kindergarten"Interesting kindergarten" in Mitino:
Rice. 1. Economics of the "Interesting Kindergarten".
Source: RBC according to the company
Thus, the initial investment in opening a private kindergarten, including the renovation of the premises, a deposit for rent, the purchase of equipment, expenses in the first year of operation until reaching self-sufficiency, amounted to 15 million rubles. Monthly expenses in the process of operating activities amount to 2 million 950 thousand rubles, this includes: rent, wages, utilities, food, training materials, advertising and marketing. Revenue 3 million 650 thousand rubles, profit before taxes 700 thousand rubles, STS 15% "Income minus expenses" - 105 thousand rubles, net profit 595 thousand rubles. The actual payback period is 21 months, the planned payback period is 36 months.
Services of a private medical center
In 2015 the system Russian healthcare in view of the reforms carried out over the past few years, it has faced a completely natural result of the development of the industry. According to research high school economy 80% of Russians cannot count on free medical care corresponding to their needs from the state.
The result of the reforms was: a decrease in the quality and availability of free services, a global reduction in healthcare costs, a decrease in the number of beds in hospitals by 9.3% on average across the country, a decrease in the number of doctors by 2.2%, and nurses by 2.8%.
Thus, the toll industry medical services attractive for investment also due to the fact that the state regulates the procedure for including private clinics in the system of compulsory medical insurance (CMI). Opening a private medical center is a profitable and sought-after line of business.
In 2015 non-state medical clinics CHI provided services worth more than 1.2 billion rubles.
According to the statement CEO Association of private clinics of St. Petersburg Alexander Solonin, the most popular areas of the industry are gynecology, therapy and dentistry.
Internet advertising business
The Russian media industry has been changing direction over the past few years. Thus, according to the Expert publishing house, in 2015 the TV advertising market fell by 24% compared to 2014 to 1.7 billion rubles, the radio advertising market decreased by 32% to $189 million.
And online advertising, on the contrary, has a positive trend: the average annual growth rate was 16.2%. According to PwC's forecast, as early as 2016 online advertising will overtake television advertising, reaching $2.12 billion and becoming the new leader in the Russian media market. The main whale here is contextual advertising - this is exactly the type of advertising that business owners are willing to spend money on during a crisis.
Let's take a look at how the contextual advertising management business works using the example of the K50 platform, created by young entrepreneurs Stanislav Branovitsky, Ivan Krasnikov, Georgy Ternovsky. This is what the market looks like contextual advertising on the example of the company K50 in numbers:
- investments in K50 amounted to $0.8 million;
- turnover of K50 in April 2015 - 210 million rubles;
- revenue of K50 in April 2015 - 2.1 million rubles;
- K50 service offers 4 products;
- 2500 registrations in K50 services;
- 450 active customers use K50 products.
Transport services
According to the Institute for the Economics and Development of Transport (IEDT), the role of motor transport in the cargo turnover of the Russian Federation has a pronounced growth dynamics. Experts’ calculations show that by 2030, the role of railway transport will fall from 87% to 83%, and motor transport will grow from 9% to 11%. In the volume of cargo transportation, the same trends: 20% and 15% for railway and 78% and 83% for motor vehicles. Opening a transport company promising direction business.
In statistics, when considering services, different classifications and groupings are used to give their in-depth characteristics. The main groups of services are given in Table. 39.1.
Table 39.1
Services and their groupings
The service sector includes activities for the production of both tangible and intangible services for industrial and consumer purposes.
AT market economy fundamental is the division of services into market and non-market.
Market Servicesare paid at prices that cover costs and ensure profits. And in this case, they are equated with any other product and are the object of purchase and sale.
Non-market services are provided free of charge. As a rule, they are socially oriented, funded from the budget or public organizations such as parties or trade unions. Such services are consumed either by society as a whole or by households.
It should be emphasized that almost all types of services can be provided both for a fee and free of charge or for partial payment (on preferential terms). The exceptions are the services of government (including defense and law enforcement), churches and charitable institutions, which are always provided free of charge. In this regard, it is important in statistics to establish the boundaries between paid and free services.
For successful statistical analysis and forecasting of market development, it is necessary to carry out its correct segmentation. To do this, it is advisable to use the following classification of paid services (PS):
01 Household services
02 Passenger transport services
03 Communication services
04 Housing public utilities
05 Services of cultural institutions
06 Tourist and excursion services
07 Physical education and sports services
08 Medical, veterinary, sanatorium and health services
09 Legal services
10 Banking services
11 Services in the education system
12 Trade, catering and market services
00 Other services to the population.
An important factor to be taken into account when studying the PU market in Russia is the distribution of the country's population according to the average per capita income. From the size of the average per capita income is (ceteris paribus) in direct proportion to the amount and structure of expenditures on PU.
The process of stratification of the population by income level has an exceptionally strong influence on the structure of the services market: the low-income population not only refuses to purchase services of the 5th, 6th and 7th groups, but also sharply reduces the purchase of vital paid services of the 1st-4th groups, often refusing from their payment. As a result, the debt of the population for rent and utilities is growing.
Theoretically, every citizen of Russia can purchase any type of paid services (from the 1st to the 7th group). Therefore, all residents of Russia can be considered as a general population of customers subject to segmentation. However, segmentation of the paid services market as a whole cannot be carried out: it must be carried out separately for each group of services. The size of the market segments in each case will be different.
For example, the market for paid housing services does not include owner-owned housing (private and privatized). Therefore, users of rental housing (for which they pay rent) and rental housing (for which the user pays rent) are subject to segmentation. At the same time, the market for paid housing services should be distinguished from the market for own housing (purchase and sale of residential premises), which is subject to other market laws.
The market of paid passenger transport services in Moscow does not cover a number of categories of the population for which travel by public transport (except for taxis) is free (pensioners, disabled people, law enforcement officers, etc.).
The international tourism market mainly includes high and ultra-high-income segments of the population, which make up less than 10% of the total population of Russia.
The above examples convincingly prove the need to use a reasonable classification of services according to the degree of priority for the statistical characterization of SPs in Russia.
In the study of services to the population, it is advisable to prioritize services in terms of importance and mass character. For this, the above classification is used.
To the most important species paid services can be attributed (in order of importance): household, passenger transport, communications, housing and communal services, for the maintenance of children in children's institutions, healthcare, sanatorium and health resorts, physical culture and sports, culture, legal nature and banking institutions, tourist-excursion, scientific.
In the above classification, services are arranged in descending order of preference for the population. This means that the PUs of the 1st and 2nd groups have a lower degree of elasticity of the purchasing power of the population compared to the services of other groups.
Each of the above types of services includes a diverse range of them. So, household services are divided into services:
§ on repair and individual tailoring of footwear, clothes;
§ on tailoring and knitting of knitwear;
§ for the repair of radio-electronic equipment, household machines and appliances;
§ for the repair and manufacture of metal products;
§ ritual and many others.
The same grouping can be used when studying the segmentation of the services market. This segmentation should vary, taking into account the grouping of services by their types:
1) housing and communal services include the provision of rented and rented housing, the implementation of current repairs of residential premises and equipment, as well as the cost of utilities (electricity, gas, water, heating, maintenance of elevators, sewerage, sanitary cleaning, etc.);
2) housing services. Here we have in mind the services of rented housing, which the population pays in the form of rent;
3) utilities, including the supply of electricity, gas, heat, water; provision of sewerage, telephone, radio and television networks; sanitary cleaning of the territory;
4) household services, covering a wide range of services - from sewing and repairing clothes and shoes to rental offices and photo studios;
5) transport and communication services. Passenger transport services include services of all types of urban, international and intercity transport for the movement of passengers and their luggage, including related services (advance ticket sales, transport and excursion operations, station fees, mother and child rooms, etc.);
6) services of institutions of physical culture and sports consist of two components: a) services of sports spectacles in all types of professional sports; b) paid and free services of physical culture and sports and recreation organizations to the population;
7) the services of cultural institutions consist of the services of theaters, cinemas, philharmonic societies, museums, libraries and reading rooms, clubs, houses of culture, etc.;
8) services of pre-school children's institutions - these are services of nurseries, kindergartens, orphanages. Tuition and health care includes educational and medical institutions with paid services, as well as tutoring and private medical practice;
9) services financial institutions to the population include both paid (opening and maintaining accounts, transferring salaries, currency exchange, renting safes, storing valuables, etc.) and free (deposits, opening and maintaining accounts, etc.) operations;
10) services of a legal nature are services legal organizations, notaries, lawyers, security firms, etc.;
11) tourist and excursion services are a set of services for servicing domestic and foreign tourists, including the preparation of necessary documents, transport, accommodation of tourists, food, educational, cultural and business program. The vast majority of services are provided by privatized tourism, recreation and entertainment establishments;
12) other types of services.
The market for individual services, such as household services, depends on the degree of priority given to them. certain types. A stable market is typical for technically complex types of services that are almost impossible to perform at home (repair of complex household appliances and Vehicle). The market for household services that can be performed at home, such as laundry, hairdressing, repair of clothes and shoes, is subject to much greater market fluctuations.
A special object of study of service market statistics are market intangible services population, i.e. paid intangible consumer services.
In practical calculations in Russia, the following types of services are included in this category:
§ household;
§ passenger transport;
§ public service communication institutions;
§ housing and communal services;
§ preschool institutions;
§ tourist and excursion;
§ physical culture and sports;
§ legal nature;
§ cultural institutions;
§ financial, insurance, etc.
At present, the “National State Classifier of Services to the Population” is in force, which was put into effect on January 1, 1994. Its object is all services to the population (both paid and free), which are provided by enterprises and organizations various forms property and individual producers, regardless of the forms and methods of their provision.
Gosstandart of Russia included in the classification additionally the group “Services of trade, Catering and markets."
The use of the classifier makes it possible to ensure uniformity in the calculation of service indicators, to use computer technology more widely, to simplify the analysis and forecasting of the dynamics of services to the population, to achieve comparability of indicators with international standards, more deeply study the demand of the population for different kinds services.
Such a classification makes it possible to clearly define the place of each type of service in economic activity and achieve comparability of statistical data characterizing services to the population.
The approach to the classification of paid services in state statistics completely coincides with the approach of the State Standard.
Question from Mark Dezhurov:
Good day, Nikolay! My name is Mark. I would like to address you and all your readers with a question. I want to start a business in the service sector, but I don’t know what services can be provided to the public or organizations in order to be profitable. Moreover, you can consider services for the city, on the Internet, at home, etc. Thank you!
Hi Mark!
The question is relevant not only for you, because I have been asked it more than once. Below in the answer I will express my personal opinion, and readers will add if they wish.
Important! I will say right away that I consider it right to provide those services that you yourself understand. If you can provide the service yourself, then it is easier for you to organize the business and you can start with a minimum investment without the initial staff. Business on services is not a simple buy and sell, service, professionalism, quality, etc. are important here. Therefore, without interest, without love for business and understanding of the market for services, it is difficult to start making money. I advise you to listen to your heart and come up with an idea yourself, and I will list below what services can be provided so that you can try to give at least some idea.
Services for the population in the city
Let's just think logically and don't reinvent the wheel. We must proceed from what the population needs! You must first find the problem, and only then look for a solution. Assess your city's population, demand, market, and select multiple options.
For example:
- Hairdressing and beauty services, manicure, body care services, etc.
- Wellness services: massages, various health procedures.
- Sports services: gyms and other sports facilities.
- Construction and repair work: repair and construction of apartments, houses, baths and other things.
- Plumbing, locksmith work.
- Car repair works: car repair, car wash, interior upholstery, replacement of consumables, painting, noise insulation and much more.
- Atelier, clothing and footwear repair.
- Children's institutions: kindergartens, training centers, development centers, etc.
- Medical services.
- Legal services.
- Transport services: transfers, taxis, etc.
- Entertainment/holiday/leisure: attractions, organization of holidays, games (paintball, laser tag, etc.), etc.
- Repair of household appliances and electronics.
- Catering services (not necessarily large restaurants, you can get by with snack bars, fast food, barbecue, etc.)
- Educational services (advanced training, additional education, tutoring).
- Real estate transactions.
- Photo and video services.
- And much more!
Services for organizations
In the b2b sphere, there are also many types of services that can be profitable to deal with:
- Advertising services: advertising design, creative, advertising placement.
- Security services (PSC).
- Repair of industrial and office premises.
- Maintenance of equipment (printers, production equipment etc.).
- Legal and accounting services.
- Consulting.
- Transport services (usually trucks or special equipment).
- Cleaning service.
- Handyman services: loaders, handymen, couriers, etc.
Services provided at home
At home, you can also provide many services:
- Tutoring, babysitting and childcare.
- Electronics repair.
- Website development and promotion.
- Manicure, massage and other care services.
- Design, art services.
- Baking to order.
Internet Services
- Again, the development and promotion of sites.
- Again, consulting (via Skype).
- Educational services: tutoring, infobusiness (also via Skype).
- Accounting and legal services.
- Internet advertising.
- Design and art services.
- Copywriting, writing texts.
- Handyman services (fulfillment of various small assignments), for example, on Workzille.
Conclusion
As you can see, there are many options and what exactly you do decide for yourself. Above, I wrote that you need to proceed from your knowledge, skills, understandings and considerations in order to organize successful business on services.
