home Ideas How to build a workforce chart. Workforce movement schedule in construction example

How to build a workforce chart. Workforce movement schedule in construction example

This graph shows the movement of workers during the construction period of the object. It is built by the projection method with calendar schedule building To build, you need to select a scale.

The number of workers is plotted along the vertical axis, and the time is plotted along the horizontal axis in accordance with the construction schedule.

According to this schedule, one can judge the quality of the construction of the calendar schedule of construction.

The criteria of the schedule are: [maximum number of workers Rmax=according to the schedule [average number of workers Rav=Trz/Tpl [coefficient of uneven movement of workers Kn=Rmax / Rav ≤1.5

Schedule of the main machines and mechanisms

It shows a list of machines and mechanisms for construction, the time of their work at the facility.

The schedule is built in close connection with the construction schedule. They are built by projection from the calendar schedule of the building.

[[[[[[[[[[ Schedule of delivery and consumption of materials and structures[[[[[[[[[[

This schedule shows the timing of the delivery of materials and structures to the construction site in accordance with the construction schedule.

The graph also shows the timing of the expenditure of these structures and materials, a supply of materials and structures is provided for 2-5 days.

[[[[[[[[[[ Technical and economic indicators of calendar plans[[[[[[[[[[

Continuation of construction - when drawing up a schedule of construction, the following design standards must be observed: [ Tpl ≤ Tn [ Kpr = Tpl / Tn ≤1, where Kpr is the duration of construction [observance of the work sequence technology [compliance with safety and labor protection rules;

Labor costs for the construction of the object;

Maximum number of workers;

Average number of workers;

The coefficient of uneven movement of workers.

BUILDING MASTER PLANS

PURPOSE AND TYPES OF THE STROYGENPLAN

Stroygenplan- this is a plan of the construction site for the object under construction, made on a scale, which shows the object under construction or reconstructed, temporary buildings, structures and devices necessary for the construction or reconstruction of the object. Stroygenplan is necessary for the organization of construction and the creation of living and safe conditions for workers.

Types of building plans:

· general site- covers the territory of the entire construction site and determines the decision on the organization of the entire site as a whole. Developed design organization within the POS. The scale corresponds to the scale of the master plan of the projected building;

· object- covers the area adjacent directly to the building or structure under construction or reconstruction. Determines the location of the construction machines and mechanisms necessary for construction or reconstruction, the passage of transport communications through which materials, structures and equipment are delivered, the placement of on-site warehouses, amenity premises. It is developed as part of the PPR or by order of the design organization. It can be developed for individual stages and periods of construction. The scale is taken depending on the size of the object 1:200, 1:500, 1:1000.

On the construction plan are located: - an object under construction, - main and temporary roads for transport and a crane, - warehouses, - amenity premises, - location of power networks, water supply, fire hydrants.

When designing a building plan, it is necessary to follow the principles: - ensuring the accepted technology of work, - rational use site construction, i.e. rational placement on the site of temporary buildings and structures, roads, networks and devices for electricity and water supply, - ensuring normal living conditions for builders of all categories, - compliance with safety requirements and fire safety regulations.

INITIAL DATA FOR STROYGENPLAN DESIGN

Documentation and materials included in the POS and PPR;

· general plan construction or reconstruction of an object with applied existing buildings and structures, roads and engineering networks;

· calendar plans of construction and production of works on the basis of the preparatory period;

the traffic schedule work force;

the work schedule of the main machines and mechanisms;

· the schedule of delivery and consumption of the main building materials and structures;

· layout of signs for performing geodetic constructions and measurements.

PROCEDURE FOR DESIGNING A STROYGENPLAN

1. display on the plan of an object under construction, existing buildings and structures, permanent roads and underground utilities;

2. drawing on the plan of mounting cranes, indicating their areas of operation and hazardous areas;

3. design and display on the plan of temporary access roads;

4. calculation of the areas of temporary warehouses of materials, structures and equipment, displaying them on the plan;

5. calculation of areas and selection of typical temporary buildings and structures, their display on the plan;

6. calculation of the need for temporary water supply, display on the plan of water supply and sewerage networks;

7. calculation of the need for temporary power supply, tracing of power and lighting networks, selection and display of food points on the plan;

8. display on the plan of protective devices, fences, walkways, decking, etc.;

9. calculation of technical and economic indicators of the construction plan.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN OF THE STROYGENPLAN

When designing a building plan, it is necessary to comply with the requirements established by GOST and SNiP:

· Ways of tower cranes are arranged in such a way. so that between the outer surface of the wall of the building and the most protruding crane structure, a free passage of at least 1-1.5 m is provided;

· temporary roads for cranes on pneumatic wheels and caterpillars must be hard-surfaced;

· Temporary roads for vehicles by location depend on on-site warehouses and are designed in such a way. to ensure access throughout the construction site. The width of roads with one-way traffic is 3.5-4m, with 2-way traffic 6-7m. In places of unloading, the carriageway is rounded off;

· the radius of curvature of the road at least 12-15m;

· The location of on-site warehouses depends on the areas of operation of the crane. Open warehouses and stacks of structures are located in the area of the crane. Closed warehouses and sheds - in a non-hazardous area;

· the placement of stacks of structures and materials in the on-site warehouse should contribute to the productivity of work, i.e. structures of the same name are stored in several places within the crane operating area;

· passages between stacks of structures should be at least 0.7-0.9 m;

structures are laid with markings to the road;

heavy elements are placed closer to the crane, light - further;

Temporary household buildings and structures are located in the non-hazardous zone of the crane closer to the entrance;

The development of a construction plan should be carried out in compliance with the requirements and instructions on measures fire safety;

· the distance between temporary combustible household buildings and structures is not less than 15 m, between warehouses of non-combustible materials - not less than 6 m;

· Timber warehouses should be located at least 30m before buildings under construction, and temporary combustible buildings at least 15m;

· to reduce the area, it is possible to block temporary buildings with fire breaks (4-5 buildings - 15m - 4-5 buildings);

· according to the fire safety rules, fire hydrants should be located on the building plan at a distance of no more than 100m from each other, no closer than 5m from the building and no further than 2m from the road;

· a scheme of temporary electricity, water and heat supply is drawn up with drawing on the construction plan of engineering networks and the necessary installations;

temporary plumbing, Electricity of the net are laid along the shortest paths;

When designing a construction plan, it is necessary to follow the rules of safety;

· latrines on the construction plan are located in such a way. so that each serves an area within a radius of no more than 100m;

· stroygenplan should be provided with an explication and symbols.

The workforce movement schedule is drawn up on the basis of the construction calendar plan according to the calculated duration of work and the number of workers performing these works. Typically, the schedule is given directly below the construction schedule and clearly shows the movement of workers depending on the work performed.

The construction of a schedule for the movement of labor is necessary to take into account the employment of workers at a facility under construction in order to optimize the construction process, i.e. Increasing labor productivity.

Material delivery schedule.

According to the schedule (material consumption schedule), a schedule for the delivery of materials is drawn up, taking into account the stock that must be kept in stock for uninterrupted operation. Stocks of materials in the object warehouse should be minimal, but sufficient to organize high-performance work. They are determined depending on the distance of transportation, the means of transport used and the size of the territory of the construction site.

Charts of consumption and delivery of materials can be built reflecting the order of daily delivery, consumption and balance of materials in the warehouse. Such graphs are called differentiated.

To account for consumption and delivery on a cumulative basis from the start of construction, you can build a summary (integral) schedule that allows you to graphically select the required number of vehicles for transportation in order to create a planned permanent stock in the warehouse.

The schedule for the supply of materials contains the names of all materials necessary for the construction of a building (structure) or installation of a system.

Development of a construction plan for the period of work
1. Methodology for designing construction plans

Stroygenplan is a master plan of the site, which shows the arrangement of the main assembly and lifting mechanisms, temporary buildings, structures and installations erected and used during the construction period. Stroygenplan is designed to determine the composition and location of construction facilities in order to maximize their use and in compliance with labor protection requirements. Stroygenplan is the most important component technical documentation and the main document regulating the organization of the site and the volume of temporary construction.

Calendar plans in construction include all planning documents in which, based on the volume of construction and installation work and the organizational and technological decisions taken, the sequence and timing of construction are determined. The calendar plan is the main document in the PIC and PPR.

Construction plan design methodology

There are contours of buildings to be demolished and built.

Permanent engineering networks to be built are applied.

The movement paths of mounting mechanisms are established and mechanized installations are located.

Warehouse locations are being designed.

Locations of manufacturing enterprises are established.

The layout of electrical installations is being designed.

Temporary administrative and household facilities, temporary roads and networks are located.

Temporary buildings are designed taking into account the area of construction, the order of development of the construction site, the schedule of movement of workers.

The number and range of temporary buildings is determined depending on the volume and nature of construction and installation work, territorial location, and local conditions.

Duration of days (4) = Labor intensity of days (1) / ( Number of workers(2)*Number of shifts(3))

On the basis of the calendar plan for the production of works on the object, schedules are drawn up for changes in the required number of workers over time. When drawing up a schedule for the movement of labor, it is necessary to strive for the uniformity of the movement of workers, which ensures the continuous and uniform use of work teams; conditions are being created to reduce the cost of economic and administrative services for workers.

An objective indicator of the quality of the schedule of movement of workers is the coefficient of uneven movement of workers - K, which is characterized by the ratio of the maximum number of workers N max to the average number of workers N cf for the construction period:

K1=Nmax/Ncp=97/48=2.02

To determine the average number of workers, it is necessary to know the total labor intensity, man-days, spent on the construction of the facility, as well as the construction period - (determined by the network schedule and equal to the length of the critical path):

Ncp=Tr/Rr=5200/136=38

The K values should be 1.5…1.7. At greater meaning K the calendar plan of the object must be reviewed and an opportunity should be found to reduce the value of this coefficient.

If there are short-term peaks and troughs on the movement chart of workers, it is necessary to optimize it. The procedure is carried out on the basis of the identified private time reserves for network activities. To smooth peaks and troughs, it is necessary either to move jobs or increase their duration within a private time reserve while reducing the number of crews at these jobs. Particular attention should be paid to checking the optimized schedule: the area of the diagram diagram before and after optimization should be the same, since during optimization the labor intensity of building an object remains unchanged.

Construction master plan design

1.1. Principles and main provisions of the design of the construction plan

The construction general plan is the general construction plan, which, in addition to existing and designed permanent buildings, structures and communications, shows temporary buildings and devices: mechanized installations, material warehouses, temporary administrative, utility and household buildings, temporary water supply and sewer networks, electrical networks, steam communications and compressed air, roads inside construction vehicles.

As part of the PPR, a construction master plan for a separate building (structure) is developed and for the implementation certain types construction and special works, depending on the design object. For complex buildings (structures), a phased construction plan can be drawn up (at various stages and stages of construction, certain types of work).

Initial information for the development of the construction plan:

· Stroygenplan as a part of POS;

· Comprehensive network diagram or work schedule;

· Technological maps.

When designing building master plans, the following rules apply:

1. Temporary facilities and temporary communications should be located in areas not intended for development with permanent buildings and structures;

2. The distances from the place of storage of building materials to the place of their installation and the number of overloads within the construction site should be minimal.

3. The estimated cost of temporary buildings, structures, devices and communications should be the lowest.

4. It is necessary to provide the most rational living conditions for all construction workers.

5. Compliance with the rules of labor protection, fire safety is mandatory for all employees.

The design of the construction plan is carried out taking into account certain provisions:

It is necessary to show the location of all mounting mechanisms, lifts with their binding, dimensions to the axes of the object under construction; crane runways, temporary assembly roads; parking, working and dangerous areas of cranes.
Temporary buildings and structures are placed outside the dangerous zones of operation of mechanisms on sites that are not subject to development by the main objects, in compliance with fire safety rules and safety regulations. To determine the location of temporary structures, it is necessary to determine the range of temporary buildings and structures, as well as their standard indicators.

The office of the foreman or foreman should be located closer to the facility under construction, and the amenity premises should be located near the entrance to the construction site, while they should be at least 50 m away from technological facilities that emit dust, harmful vapors and gases.

The first-aid post is located in the same block with amenity premises and no further than 800 m from workplaces.

Shelters from solar radiation and precipitation are installed directly at workplaces or at a distance of no more than 75 m from them.

Premises for heating workers should be located at a distance of no more than 150 m from workplaces. Food points should be removed from toilets and garbage cans and at a distance of at least 25 m and not more than 600 m from workplaces. The distance from toilets to the most remote places inside the building should not exceed 100 m, to workplaces outside the building - 200 m.

The construction site should provide a place for workers to rest and smoke, and there should also be shields with fire fighting equipment.

Buildings and facilities for industrial purposes are recommended to be placed taking into account the following rules:

1. The area of pre-assembly, open storage of materials, structures and equipment - in the zone of action of cranes, while heavy elements - closer to the building under construction;

2. Workshops, closed warehouses and sheds - along the fences with the provision of normal entrances;

3. Warehouses of fuels and lubricants - at a distance of 40 ... 50 m from the main structure and residential buildings;

4. Fire breaks between temporary buildings and structures should be at least 15 m, in cramped conditions, their blocking is allowed.

5.1 Determining the areas of temporary buildings

The area of utility buildings for various purposes S tr is determined by the formula:

S tr \u003d 9360 * 97 \u003d 907920

where S n is the standard indicator of the area of buildings, m 2 / person; N - the number of employees in the most numerous shift, people.

Normative indicators of the area of temporary buildings and structures are given in table 4.

The composition of the construction workers must correspond to the type of construction. In calculations, the number of employees is taken for the most numerous shift with an increase of 16% due to students and trainees passing industrial practice. However, the calculation of office space is carried out according to the total number of engineers, employees and MOS; the calculation of the areas of dressing rooms and dryers is made for the total (listed) number of workers employed in various periods at the construction site. The number of visitors to canteens and buffets is taken into account in a ratio of 3: 1 based on the number of employees in the most numerous shift, and catering is allowed in two shifts or more.

Temporary buildings are divided into mobile, container and collapsible types, depending on the construction period, respectively, up to 0.5 years, up to 1.5 years, over 1.5 years.

Table 7. Calculation of the area of temporary buildings and structures.

Labor movement schedule

Rice. 4.2. Reducing the duration of in-line editing

Reducing labor costs for installation work- the total reduction for the entire unit and the specific reduction for the installation of one ton of equipment are taken into account. The total actual labor costs for the installation of one unit or several units are compared with the total labor costs established by the current standards,. Labor savings are defined in physical terms. man-days, and in %:

, (4.7)

The savings in terms of specific labor costs for the installation of one ton of equipment are also determined:

(4.8)

where q f- actual specific labor costs for installation, man-days / 1 ton;

q n- standard specific labor costs for installation, man-days / 1 ton.

The rhythm of production installation work - the release of products in uniform volumes at the same time intervals is one of the basic provisions for the organization of in-line assembly. The degree of rhythm is the most important quality indicator of the work of the assembly site. The rhythm of installation has a direct impact on the timely implementation of planned targets in accordance with the work schedule, the rational use of labor, the reduction of labor costs, the increase in labor productivity and the timely commissioning of energy capacities.

Of particular importance in energy construction is the timely commissioning of energy units at power plants, which is planned every year on a quarterly basis.

For this reason, when installing equipment at power plants, it is better to determine the rhythm by physical indicators of the amount of work, and not by cost.

The rhythm of the installation work depends primarily on the uniform commissioning of power units during the entire installation period at a given power plant. Rhythm coefficient of commissioning of power units

(4.9)

where is the total capacity of power units put into operation, MW;

N 1 , N 2 etc. – individual capacity of these units commissioned in one quarter of the year;

n is the total number of aggregates in the flow, pcs.

At proper organization for in-line installation (quarterly planning of units commissioning, timely delivery of equipment for units, readiness of the work front in accordance with the schedule), the coefficient should be equal to 1.0. If , then this means that the above requirements are not met in the flow, that the flow is uneven and causes additional labor costs for the installation personnel.

In contrast to the schedules for the movement of labor for the installation of individual power units, which have a convex curve, for in-line installation, the schedule has the shape of a trapezoid with a constant composition of workers.

When installing energy units in a continuous flow for scheduling, it is necessary to determine the most advantageous duration and, most importantly, the least number of workers.

The calculations are based on the total labor costs of the installation of power units involved in the flow.

In continuous construction, the number of workers in the period of steady flow is determined by the formula

(4.10)

where T is the duration of the stream. days;

Qtot- total labor intensity at all objects of a given stream, man-days;

j- coefficient denoting periods of time through which the number of workers increases on average by one.

It is important to note that for the construction of thermal power plants, the coefficient j ranges from 0.12 to 0.18, for the installation of equipment 0.14-0.16 should be taken.

The period of increase in the number of employees T ′ = jР, days.

The economic effect of the introduction of in-line and high-speed installation of power units consists of two parts:

Savings received by the installation organization by reducing the duration of work, reducing the cost of the main wages workers, reducing the labor intensity of work;

lump sum economic effect in the field of operation from the operation of facilities for the period of early water units.

4.4. IMPLEMENTATION OF FLOW ASSEMBLY OF EQUIPMENT

At thermal power plants, where a large number of the same type of boiler and turbine units are installed, there are great opportunities for the organization of in-line installation of units and all auxiliary equipment.

In the organization and implementation of in-line installation of equipment at thermal power plants, several periods can be distinguished associated with an increase in steam parameters, an increase in the power of power units and an improvement in methods of in-line installation.

First period– from 1941 to 1960. Equipment for pressure up to 100 kgf/cm 2 , turbines with a capacity of up to 100 MW and boiler units with a capacity of up to 230 t/h were successfully installed by the in-line method. Of the most important constructions, the following can be noted.

During the Great Patriotic War(1942-1944 ᴦ.ᴦ.) at the construction of the Chelyabinsk thermal power plant, seven boiler units (No. 3-9) with a capacity of 160/200 t / h of increased pressure were assembled by the in-line method within two years. The boiler units were mounted in large blocks with a gantry crane with a lifting capacity of 70 tons (Fig. 4.3)

At the construction of the South Ural State District Power Plant since 1955 ᴦ. in 11 months, four boiler units with a capacity of 230 t/h, equipped with shaft mills, were installed. Two overhead cranes with a lifting capacity of 30 tons were used as basic assembly mechanisms.

The schedule of the movement of labor - the concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Workforce movement schedule" 2017, 2018.

1. When developing a calendar plan, it is necessary to strictly observe the technological sequence and organizational interconnection of work based on progressive methods of work production and use modern equipment, fixtures and tools.

2. Between execution individual works it is necessary to provide for organizational and technological breaks (hardening of concrete during sealing of joints, drying of plaster, etc.).

3. It is necessary to ensure the continuity of the performance of certain types of work on the basis of the correct selection of the qualification and quantitative composition of the teams.

4. The performance of special works (sanitary, electrical, etc.) must be organizationally and technologically linked to the implementation general construction works. The deadlines for performing special work are determined based on the calculated labor intensity of their implementation (Table 4). Dividing the labor intensity of work by their duration, determine the required number of workers employed daily in the performance of each type of special work.

All work to be performed is grouped into complexes with prerequisite that they will be carried out by one team (for example, frame installation, Finishing work etc.). You cannot combine work performed by different organizations (for example, plumbing and electrical). After determining the main work packages, an initial table is compiled to determine the network schedule (Table 5).

The duration of individual processes performed using large construction machines(mounting cranes, bulldozers, excavators, scrapers) is determined by the productivity of machines when working in two shifts.

The duration of all others technological processes is determined by the optimal number of workers who can be assigned to perform this work, taking into account the technology and composition of the units recommended by the ENiR when working in one shift.

Table 5

Distribution of the number of people by type of work

No. p / p	Name of works	Labor intensity, man-days	Number of workers, people	Number of shifts	Duration, days
I	Excavation	8,85
II	Foundations	13,55
III	Brickwork of walls, partitions, installation of lintels, window sills	83,09
IV	Installation of floor slabs and coatings	9,73
V	Filling openings	8,19
VI	Roof device	25,49
VII	floors	14,19
VIII	Interior decoration	83,48
IX	Other unrecorded works	49,31
X	Internal plumbing	24,65
XI	Internal electrical	12,33
XII	On-site, landscaping, preparation for the commissioning of the facility	28,35

We take the number of workers from the ENiRs for construction and installation work.

Schedule of movement of workers on the site

The schedule of the movement of workers around the facility is built in the form of a diagram of the movement of human resources with the definition of the daily need for workforce.

The plot is drawn with two lines:

Solid - the required number of labor resources per shift;

Dash-dotted line - the required number of labor resources per day.

The diagram of the movement of human resources on the object is drawn based on the link to the calendar for the execution of work at an early date.

The diagram should be uniform without obvious "dips" and "tops", the periods should be clearly visible on it:

Construction deployment;

steady construction;

Construction collapse.

The dotted line on the diagram shows the average number of workers.

Technical and economic indicators

line graph

Table 6

No. p / p	The name of indicators	Count formula	Unit rev.	Meaning of indicators
	Estimated cost of the object	With SS	rub.
	Structural volume of the building	V	m 3	951,32
	The total complexity of the construction of the object	Q OVR	man-days	360,55
	Duration of construction: a) normative b) actual	T NORM T FACT	days days
	Maximum number of workers: a) per shift b) per day	R MAX, cm R MAX , days	people people
	Average number of workers	R SR \u003d Q total / T NORM	people
	Coefficient of uneven movement of workers	α \u003d R SR / R MAX, days.		0,83

PART 2. Development of an object construction master plan

Stroygenplan(SGP) is the general plan of the site, which shows the arrangement of the main assembly and lifting mechanisms, temporary buildings, structures and installations erected and used during the construction period, as well as on-site roads, temporary engineering networks.

There are two types of building plans:

a) general site construction plan- is developed by a design organization for a complex of buildings or structures;

b) object building plan- being developed construction organization in a separate building.

In the course project, an object construction plan is being developed.

The initial data for the development of an object building plan in the course project are:

1) the calendar plan for the construction of the facility, developed in part 1 of the course project;

2) the schedule for the receipt of building structures and materials at the facility;

3) specification of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements, basic building materials and structures;

4) the schedule of movement of the main construction machines;

5) safety solutions;

6) selection of work methods and basic construction machines.

Development order

object building plan

The initial data in the development of the construction plan in the PPR are:

Stroygenplan as part of the POS;

A calendar plan for the production of work on an object or a comprehensive network schedule;

The need for labor resources and the schedule for the movement of workers around the facility;

Schedule of receipt of building structures, products, materials and equipment at the facility;

Schedule of movement of the main construction machines around the facility;

Safety solutions;

Solutions for the arrangement of temporary engineering networks with their power sources;

The need for energy resources;

List of inventory buildings, structures, installations and temporary devices with the calculation of the need and linking them to the sections of the construction site;

Fire fighting measures.

The graphic part of the building plan is performed in the following sequence:

1. Draw the construction area (scale 1:200 or 1:500), show the building under construction on it, indicating the installation area and temporary fencing of the construction site (see Fig. 9).

Construction site fenced along the perimeter at a distance of at least 2 m from the edge of the carriageway, temporary buildings and structures, warehouses. A gate with the inscriptions "Entry" and "Departure" is installed in the fence.

2. Mounting cranes are tied with an indication of the area of the crane, the zone of dispersion of the load.

3. Design temporary roads and storage areas for materials, products, structures and equipment.

4. Outside the cargo dispersion zone, design the location of temporary inventory buildings and structures, taking into account fire safety requirements, closed warehouses, sheds.

5. Indicate the location of temporary electrical networks and temporary water supply networks with their binding to power sources.

6. On the construction plan indicate all the dimensions of permanent and temporary buildings and structures, storage areas, roads, areas of operation of cranes, communications and their binding.

7. Calculate and draw the technical and economic indicators of the construction plan.

Choice of erection crane

According to technical parameters

When choosing cranes according to technical parameters, it is recommended to use books:

Boom self-propelled cranes: Ref. / IS HE. Krasavina et al. Ivanovo, 1996;

Tower construction cranes: Ref. / IS HE. Krasavina et al. Ivanovo, 2001.

The initial data for the selection of a mounting crane are:

Dimensions and space-planning solution of buildings and structures;

Options and working position mounted cargo;

Method and technology of installation; working conditions.

When determining the technical parameters of cranes (load capacity, boom reach and lifting height), basic models and their modifications are considered with various types replacement equipment:

Boom, caterpillar with various jibs (for buildings 1-5 floors high);

Tower with beam and lifting arrows (for buildings with a height of more than 5 floors).

Mounting mechanism selection

Boom and crawler crane option

The choice of a crane is made in the following sequence:

1) determine the weight of the most heavy element for the erected building or structure;

2) determine the required working reach of the boom while maintaining the carrying capacity;

3) determine the required lifting height of the load;

4) a cross-section of a building or structure is drawn strictly on a scale, indicating the necessary parameters for selecting a crane
(see Fig. 2).

5) by technical specifications given in App. 19–21, satisfying the calculated data, select the brand of the crane.

On fig. 1 the following designations are indicated:

H P - the required height of the element;

Lktr - the required reach of the boom;

h 1 - the height of the building being mounted from the base of the crane;

h 2 - the distance from the top mark of the building to the mounted load;

h 3 - the height of the mounted element;

h 4 - the height of the lifting devices (2 ÷ 4.5 m in the general case or
6.5 ÷ 9.5 m for traverses during the installation of trusses, beams and multi-tier suspension of slabs);

R P.P. - the radius of the crane turntable, determined by the crane passport (for example, for the MKG-16M crane - 3650 mm, for the SKG-40/63 crane - 4000 mm, for KB-100.OS - 3500 mm, KB-160.2 - 3800 mm);

l WITHOUT. - safe distance to the protruding part of the building (l WITHOUT. \u003d 0.7 - with a height of the protruding part up to 2 m; l WITHOUT. \u003d 0.4 - with a height of the protruding part more than 2 m);

In ZD. - the width of the designed building or structure;

L is the maximum working reach of the crane boom.

When choosing mounting cranes, it is necessary to determine the required mounting characteristics for each of the mounted elements:

mounting weight Q m;

Required hook reach L ktr;

· the required lifting height of the hook H ktr;

The choice of the crane is made according to the heaviest mounting element. This is the foundation slab FP1 - 3.168 tons.

The smallest boom reach and the required lifting height of the load will be determined graphically (Fig. 2). A cross-section of the building is drawn strictly on a scale, indicating the necessary parameters for selecting a crane. On fig. 2 shows the highest mounted structure - the roof slab.

Required mounting specifications:

Q m \u003d 3.168 t;

H ktr \u003d 11.62 m;

L ktr \u003d 12.5 m.

According to technical and economic indicators, a crawler crane of the RDK 160-2 brand was selected:

Arrow - 18 m;

Load capacity 10 t.

Rice. 1. Crawler crane

Rice. 2. Crane RDK 160-2

How to build a workforce chart. Workforce movement schedule in construction example

Material delivery schedule.

Development of a construction plan for the period of work

Methodology for designing construction plans