home Converter How to write a project for a technology Olympiad. Preparation of creative projects for participation in Olympiads

How to write a project for a technology Olympiad. Preparation of creative projects for participation in Olympiads

The Technology Olympiad is aimed at increasing the prestige and quality of students’ technological training, developing their creative abilities, attracting them to carry out original and practically valuable projects, as well as identifying and encouraging the most capable students and creatively working technology teachers.

The role of applied knowledge has increased throughout the world, which is reflected in the emergence of curriculum in many countries the subject “Technology”, the main focus of which is project activity. Technology reflects the totality of the concentrated foundations of all areas of knowledge accumulated by mankind in the acquisition, transformation and use of materials and information. It is precisely the subject that helps schoolchildren connect disparate knowledge in individual branches of science, shows where and how this knowledge can be used.

A method capable of linking together the solution to many problems can be, with the right approach, the project method, which allows you to qualitatively verify the content of topics and sections of the program, the level of students’ assimilation of educational material, and activates creative development personality and forms the qualities necessary for successful social adaptation.

The project method is a comprehensive teaching method, a developmental training method that allows you to individualize educational process, enables the student to demonstrate independence in planning, organizing and controlling his or her activities.

Student project- this is a creative, completed work that corresponds to the child’s age capabilities, performed independently, but under the guidance of a teacher, and resulting in a socially significant product or service.

Despite all the problems in organizing the teaching of “Technology” in schools in our region, since 2005, Olympiads in this subject have been held. The first stage is school, the second is district, the third is regional. The winners of the regional stage participate in the final All-Russian stage of the Technology Olympiad. Almost all districts compete in the first and second stages, and many districts do not send their representatives, winners, to the third stage due to the fact that they cannot or do not want to find the funds necessary for children to live in Voronezh. Thus, they do not give children the opportunity to express themselves in this area, and in the future, perhaps, the opportunity to enter a pedagogical university without exams.

The venue for the third stage of the Technology Olympiad is workshops and classrooms Voronezh State Pedagogical University. Projects of students in grades 8-11 in basic sections are submitted to the Olympiad mandatory minimum content on technology (technologies for processing construction and ornamental materials; home culture; technologies for processing fabrics and food products; artistic treatment materials; electrical and Electronics; agricultural production technologies).

Creative projects cover one or more technology content areas and include educational material both from general sections (information technology; drawing and graphics; fundamentals of entrepreneurship; fundamentals of design, professional self-determination), and from various fundamentals of sciences studied at school, which helps students understand the meaning of knowledge in practical activities.

The Olympics are held in two areas: technical labor (boys) and service labor(girls) in three stages: testing theoretical knowledge (testing), testing practical skills (executing practical task according to instructional and technological maps) and project protection. Moreover, the project evaluates: its practical part, explanatory note and public defense of the project using an electronic presentation.

The experience of participating in regional and regional Olympiads indicates that in the process of preparing students to defend a creative project, insufficient attention is often paid to the content of the presentation and the quality of its design. As a result, the assessment of the project’s protection is reduced due to the impossibility of understanding the motives for choosing a topic and an unclear presentation of the content of the stages of work.

A teacher helping a student to complete a creative project should tell him how to prepare high-quality presentation and conduct a pre-defense, teaching the author of the project to correctly use the material posted on the slides, skillfully supplementing his report with it, for which no more than seven minutes are allotted during the defense. When creating a multimedia presentation, it is necessary to achieve maximum information richness of the product while ensuring simplicity and transparency of the presented material.

You need to think critically about each phrase: will your listeners understand it? Cumbersome and unclear phrases should be ruthlessly removed from the presentation. Any phrase should be informative and necessary to comment on a specific slide;

Overload and small font are difficult to understand, underloading leaves the impression that the presentation is superficial and poorly prepared;

List items are short phrases; maximum - two lines per phrase, optimally - one line. Reading a long sentence distracts attention from the report. Short phrase easier to remember visually;

Each phrase should logically lead to the following phrases - ultimately, the entire speech should be subordinated main goal. The report cannot repeat the same idea, even in different words - time is precious.

Already the first representatives of the Voronezh region at the VI All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in technology showed high results and were awarded certificates and gifts. This is Elina Fartygina, currently a 1st year master's student in the field of "Technological Education", Evgeniy Kitaev - graduated from Voronezh State Pedagogical University in 2009, receiving a specialist diploma, Dmitry Zavrazhnov. Every year, the winners of the regional Olympiad take part in the All-Russian Olympiad in Technology and always take prizes or receive awards in various categories.

But along with the achievements of the Olympiad, they also reveal the problems of technological education in general and the level of training in certain areas and sections of technology in particular. Thus, the results of practical rounds showed quite low level students' working skills in modern sewing machines; insufficient use of instructional and technological maps; not always an informative presentation. The jury has many complaints about the careless attitude of both students and teachers towards compliance with safety regulations during the practical tour in the educational workshops of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University and at the stages of carrying out creative projects (this is revealed during the inspection of explanatory notes). I would like to see more projects for social purposes, in electrical engineering and electronics, in local history; complex multifunctional projects using little-known or new technologies.

The implementation of projects not only contributes to the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities, but also plays a big role in the development of students’ creative abilities, in identifying their interests and inclinations, which in turn forms professional orientation and desire to study research work. Students who entered our university based on the results of Olympiads are characterized, as a rule, only with positive side: They study well, are active, many of them continue their studies in master's programs. Mastery of project activities allows students to better appreciate the significance of “Technology” in human life and society, determined by the requirements.

To enter a university, it is not necessary to pass the Unified State Exam with a high score. Eat alternative way– become the winner of the All-Russian stage school Olympiad. In words, everything is very simple and clear, but in reality, the Olympiad is hard work that requires thorough and lengthy preparation, extensive knowledge and perseverance. We talked with the absolute winner of the All-Russian Olympiad in Technology - 2018, an 11th grade student at Lyceum No. 145 in Kazan Adilei Nazyrova about the “Olympiad” lifestyle, sources of inspiration and plans to create your own clothing line.

From the age of 6 I showed interest in needlework. Technology teacher in grades 5–6 Tatyana Aleksandrovna Vlasova taught me the basics of sewing. Then I studied at school No. 170 in Kazan. In the 7th grade, I entered the physics and mathematics class of Lyceum No. 145 and became interested in other subjects, including Tatar literature, and won the regional Olympiad in this subject. However, a year later, my interest in sewing resumed: I began to search the Internet for information about modeling, read books on sewing and sewed my first dress. That year, an 11th grade student from our lyceum became the winner of the All-Russian Olympiad in Technology. I thought about this competition all summer, found out all the information and at the beginning of a new school year I approached my technology teacher with the desire to take part in the Olympiad in her subject.

This year I became the absolute winner of the All-Russian Olympiad in Technology. I walked towards this victory for three years, every year I improved my projects and rose one step higher. In the 9th grade I won the republican round, last year I became the winner of the All-Russian stage of the Olympiad for schoolchildren in this subject. This year my technology teacher and I Irina Arkadyevna Mitrofanova We thought for a long time about the ideas for the project, evaluated last year’s works presented at the All-Russian Olympiad. We needed to create a project that could be better than all others. As a result, we found such an idea, implemented it and achieved our goal.

I presented at the Olympics innovative project“Let's play together” on clothing design with children's educational games. The collection created for the project consists of 17 products for 4 models: mother, father, daughter and son. It includes T-shirts, skirts, trousers, shorts, vest, top, shoes and accessories, 4 of them have educational games built into them. Mom's skirt is a mini-game center, which includes three games: “Adventure Game”, “Entertaining Mathematics” and “Fun ABC”, which promote the development of fine motor skills, logical thinking and imaginative perception of material. Dad’s vest also contains three games: table football, “Tools” and “Secrets of the Universe,” which introduce the names of the planets and the tools men need in everyday life. The daughter’s top contains removable elements with the games “Checkers”, “Skittles” and “Geometric Tetris”, and the son’s vest contains the adventure game “Treasure Island”: to open the chest located on the back of the vest, you need to complete the quest and find key to the castle. In addition, each of the models has accessories, for example, mom has a house bag with games to develop spatial orientation and familiarize children with the rules traffic. In dad's backpack there is a book that develops logical thinking and teaches the child literacy and arithmetic. My daughter's bag easily turns into a self-assembled tablecloth. The bag contains dishes of Tatar national cuisine: chak-chak, vak belesh, talkysh keleve, ochpochmak, kystyby, bavyrsak and a tea set made of felt. With this set, children can learn the names of Tatar dishes and the rules of etiquette. For my son, I sewed a bag with fishing gear, which I also made myself. While playing fishing, children learn the names of the inhabitants of the deep waters and learn to distinguish between sea and river animals. To use, just lay out these clothes and accessories on a table, on the floor or on the ground in the park.

At the invitation of the University of Talents, opera singer and presenter Ruslan Zakirov helped me prepare for my performance at the Olympiad. At the regional stage, I was recommended to improve my presentation. I turned to the Talent University with a request to find an expert who would help make my presentation interesting, and that’s how I met Ruslan Zakirov. Thanks to working with him, I was able to adequately present my project at the Olympiad and interest the jury. My presentation was clear and well structured and my speech was artistic. I've never performed so well before. I could not have prepared such a presentation alone.

The desire to win, ambition, determination, hard work - that's what helped me achieve success. If you have the will, you can do the impossible. While preparing the project for the Olympics, I had many questions and problems regarding sewing. For example, to sew T-shirts, I needed a special sewing machine for knitwear. I made an agreement with one atelier and sewed with them for 3-4 hours for several days. I really liked the idea of the project, the desire to implement it was strong, and it pushed me to find solutions, deal with unclear issues and acquire new skills.

My grandmother gave me a sewing machine when I was in 5th grade. Without her nothing would have happened. I am constantly sewing something on this machine. For any occasion I create a new outfit for myself. Sometimes I finish at 3 am, and at 6 am I get up and go to the event. My great-grandmother was a professional dressmaker. She spent days and nights sewing clothes for several villages and was a skilled craftswoman. Perhaps I inherited her talent.

You need to pay a lot of attention to your clothes, especially when you are participating in an event. I'm in Everyday life I wear clothes that don’t stand out, but for events I try to wear something bright and noticeable. I agree with the proverb “Meeted by clothes, seen off by mind.” Clothing is business card, with which your success may begin.

If I created my own clothing line, it would be made in colorful and bright colors. I would borrow some elements from Dolce & Gabbana. I really like the clothes of this brand: their pretentiousness and variety of colors are chic. I don't know how you can create such beautiful clothes.

I think it's good to be a perfectionist. I also have this quality. I am an excellent student at school, I strive to do everything in the best possible way, I participate in olympiads in other subjects. This year she became the winner of the regional stage of the Olympiad in Tatar literature and participated in the international Olympiad in the Tatar language. The desire to be the best helps a lot during the creation of the project, it also helped me in the Olympiad.

I am motivated by competition and my mother. Mom happily accepts all my ideas, supports me during their implementation and shows me how best to proceed. She often tells me that I’m great. I am most grateful to her, because when no one supports you, it is very difficult. And competition pushes me to become better every day.

Even if no one believes in you except yourself, you can achieve success. The detachment of others causes resentment, which increases persistence, the desire to win and show everyone what you can do. I also had such moments.

The Olympics take a lot of effort, but the results are worth it. The Technology Olympiad lasts one week and consists of several rounds, which include theoretical and practical tasks and project defense. The theoretical part includes questions not only on modeling, sewing and housekeeping, but also questions related to physics, history, chemistry, biology, literature, and economics. There was also a question about the professions of the future - the knowledge gained at the University of Talents helped me. The whole week passes in a tense atmosphere, it’s not easy to withstand it. By the end of the Olympiad, you start to think: “Next year I won’t participate.” But after a year you sit down to do new project, and the stages that you went through the previous time already seem easier. “The root of teaching is bitter, but its fruit is sweet” - this is about the Olympics. You need to work a lot, invest in yourself, and overcome laziness. And the one who becomes the winner receives a cash prize, status and admission to a university.

Thanks to the Olympiad, I can enter the budget department of any specialized Russian university without taking into account the results of the Unified State Exam. All that remains is to choose a university. I think about St. Petersburg state university industrial technologies and design, on the basis of which the All-Russian stage of the Olympiad in technology was held. I’m also considering Kazan: at KFU there is a design department where you can do clothing design, and you won’t have to leave anywhere.

While preparing for the Technology Olympiad, I was very inspired by champion Alina Zagitova. I watched her performance at the Olympic Games many times. I admire her hard work, resilience and tenacity. Her example had a strong impact on me.

The University of Talents is a friend who will always support you and never abandon you. He helped me in many ways. After attending the educational modules of the University of Talents, I changed: I became more self-confident, sociable, learned to set goals that suit my capabilities, and this contributed to my victory at the Olympiad. I'm used to doing everything myself, and teamwork was a big problem for me. And during the modules I had to constantly work in a team, and I gradually learned to take into account the opinions of others. At the events of the University of Talents, I met talented and creative people who understand me, and we continue to communicate. I am very grateful to the University of Talents.

My motto is “Never give up.” When you get tired or something doesn’t work out, you lose the desire to continue what you started. During the preparation for the Olympics, there were also moments when I wanted to give up everything. My motto helped me move on.

Leysan Fayzullina,
Media Laboratory of the University of Talents

Introduction

Chapter 1. Ways to implement the method of creative projects in general education high school

1 Project method

2 Ways to implement the project method

Chapter 2. Features of preparing creative projects for defense at technology Olympiads

1 Experience of holding Olympiads on the basis of VSPU

2 Proposal for preparing for the defense of creative projects

Chapter 3. Development of proposals for the implementation of creative projects for 7th grade students

1 Choosing a theme for a creative project

2 Construction

3 Manufacturing

4 Preparation for the defense of the creative project “Modernization of a carpentry workbench”

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Integration, modern education, represents a new stage in the child’s creative development, which includes modern approaches, requirements, skills and abilities combined into a single whole. The best reflection of children’s creative abilities is the holding of Olympiads and the development of creative projects. Development of creative projects that allow the child to open up and express himself.

The theme of our VKR is: “Preparation of creative projects for participation in Olympiads.”

· To study the features of implementing the method of creative projects in a secondary school

· Explore the features of preparing creative projects for defense at the Technology Olympiad

· Develop proposals for completing creative projects for 7th grade students

Chapter 1. Ways to implement the method of creative projects in secondary schools

.1 Project method

The project method is a didactic tool that promotes the formation of goal-setting skills and allows students to find optimal ways to achieve the stated goals with appropriate guidance from the teacher.

It is used for both collective and individual work of students.

With didactically correct use of the method, the developing and educating components of the educational process are fully realized. Forming a sustainable interest among students in this form of teaching is a mandatory pedagogical task solved by the teacher. Student self-government skills that are formed and improved through collective forms activities, create the prerequisites for the maximum use of the mental abilities of each student, allow him to show his unique individuality at certain stages of the activity. In this case, students self-define a circle possible problems for individual and collective solutions to emerging problems. It is advisable to introduce students to both inductive and deductive methods of problem solving. Solving problems by the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete can be recommended as more preferable. Establishing various analogies is also an effective means of finding fundamentally new solutions determined by the requirements.

The main task is to fully improve the technological literacy of students. Design technologies (including their own activities) form the basis of the project method, so students must first be familiar with the basic design strategies.

It is important to form in them a sustainable interest in technological creativity, which contributes to an understanding of the structure and composition of technological process in a generalized form and ensures the transfer of acquired knowledge to a wide variety of situations.

The level of independence (inventive activity) of students can be taken into account similarly to the coefficient of labor participation.

The ideal pedagogical option is to consider student activities using the project method, when it is consistent with the individual motives and needs of the student, which is difficult to implement in the real pedagogical process. But such an opportunity should be provided to students at least occasionally, for example, using the project method to create the educational equipment, devices, etc. necessary for the student.

The didactic teaching system provides for the widespread use of heuristic and research methods in the learning process, which should satisfy the creative needs of students. The research method of teaching, the team-laboratory method, and the experimental method, which were widely used in pedagogical practice, along with some negative influence on the personality of students - a decrease in the general educational level, a decrease in the quality of knowledge of basic sciences - had a clearly expressed developmental orientation. Negative pedagogical consequences arose, as a rule, as a result of violation of the didactic laws of constructing the learning process. This is also true for the project method, which reveals its pedagogical effectiveness only when it is applied didactically correctly. The teacher develops clear and understandable goals and objectives for teaching (learning) both for himself and for students at each specific stage of the educational process. Control and self-control ensure the effectiveness of mastering the necessary knowledge determined by the requirements.

Educational, educational and developmental functions of training in a complex can be implemented against the background of high emotional activity of students. In this sense, it is advisable by all methods to draw attention to the human factors of transformative activity, to its motivation, vital necessity, satisfied needs, aesthetic and ergonomic components, to the creative rather than destructive aspects of relationships.

The emotional coloring of the learning process contributes to the creation of efficient creative teams of students, united by a common goal, motivated to achieve this goal within a given time frame. A sense of responsibility to the teacher and classmates and the ability to self-esteem are formed own achievements and to the development of individual teaching technologies. Schoolchildren act on the basis of positive attitudes; they are capable of experiencing and empathizing with successes and failures.

Through the project method, it is possible to establish strong connections between students’ theoretical knowledge and their practical transformative activities. The humanistic orientation of students’ activities based on taking into account human factors of creation creates the prerequisites for the formation in schoolchildren of such personality qualities as determination and will in the process of implementation own developments into practice.

When using the project method, a clear contradiction arises between the need to improve the general educational level of students and their personal needs and interests. It is acceptable to allow students to choose tasks that model life situations that interest them, but mandatory condition agreeing on goals project activities with structure educational program.

The project method is a teaching system in which learning is realized through planning (design) and doing. The pedagogical technology “Project Method” is an open and developing system that can be improved based on taking into account advanced pedagogical experience determined by the requirements.

The structure of students' mental activity when solving problems using the project method is similar to the mental activity of a professional designer with the addition of the stage of implementing the project in practice by doing. It should be noted that main task The teacher's role is to organize the educational activities of schoolchildren in a form that models the fundamental stages of design technology. Both material objects and production and service situations can be designed.

It is appropriate to note that the modeling activity of the teacher is leading and has a focus on recreating (modeling) in the educational process the structure and content of the technology being studied (mastered) by students.

At the first stage, all upcoming actions are designed by students in theoretical form with the obligatory identification of possible problems and contradictions and the development of options for overcoming them. At the second stage, all ideas are tested (implemented) in practice. All practical actions are carried out on the basis of the developed activity strategy. As the project progresses, students’ theoretical constructs can be clarified and specified, and adjustments can be made to them. The general structure of the activity remains unchanged, recreating (modeling) the basic laws of design technology and determined by the requirements.

A teacher may include sections of design fundamentals in the content of any educational courses that he teaches. The content of project assignments should be consistent with the topics of the sections of the course being studied. In accordance with the specifics of the course being taught, the teacher can offer students special project assignments related to the topics of OO “Technology” and other types labor activity.

For all options for constructing the educational process, it is recommended to draw students’ attention to the following concepts:

· basic information about design;

· design methods;

· personal (human) design factors;

· design technology;

· artistic design;

· technology for evaluating proposed projects.

An important problem for the teacher is to show students the creative content of the professions that interest them, since schoolchildren must realize the need for social creativity in all areas of work activity is determined by the requirements.

.2 Ways to implement the project method

Options for creative projects for participation in Olympiads, taking into account the age capabilities of students in grades 5-8, are presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Options for creative projects

DirectionTheme of the creative projectageMugs"Making a box with elements geometric carving» 6-7 grades “Making a plate with contour carving” 6-7 grades “ Flat relief carving» 6-7 grades “Making a Glider” 5-6 grades “Making a paper parachute” 5th grade “Making a model of the SU-27 aircraft” 5-6 grades “Making a basket from a wicker” 5-6 grade “Making a box from a wicker” 5-6 grades “ Making a stand from a wicker" 6th grade "Making a plate from a vine" 5th grade Improvement material base schools Improving the material base of the school “lawnmower” “ lathe» 7-8 grade “Drilling machine” 7-8 grade “Cutting machine” 7-8 grade “Bur engraving machine” 7th grade “Drill and hand drill” 7-8 grade “Drill” 7-8 grade “Cutting machine” 7-8 grade "Homemade" grinding machine <#"justify">7-8 grade Chapter 2. Features of preparing creative projects for defense at technology Olympiads

.1 Experience of holding Olympiads on the basis of VSPU

The role of applied knowledge has increased all over the world, which is reflected in the appearance in the curricula of many countries of the subject “Technology”, the main focus of which is project activity. Technology reflects the totality of the concentrated foundations of all areas of knowledge accumulated by mankind in the acquisition, transformation and use of materials and information. It is precisely the subject that helps schoolchildren connect disparate knowledge in individual branches of science, shows where and how this knowledge can be used.

A method capable of linking together the solution of many problems can be, with the right approach, the project method, which allows you to qualitatively verify the content of topics and sections of the program, the level of students’ assimilation of educational material, activates the creative development of the individual and forms the qualities necessary for successful social adaptation.

The project method is a comprehensive teaching method, a method of developmental education, which allows you to individualize the educational process, allows the student to demonstrate independence in planning, organizing and monitoring their activities.

A student project is a creative, completed work that corresponds to the child’s age capabilities, completed independently, but under the guidance of a teacher, and resulting in a socially significant product or service.

The venue for the third stage of the Technology Olympiad is the workshops and classrooms of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University. Projects of students in grades 8-11 are submitted to the Olympiad in the basic sections of the mandatory minimum content in technology (processing technologies for structural and ornamental materials; home culture; textile and food processing technologies; artistic processing of materials; electrical engineering and electronics; agricultural production technologies).

Creative projects cover one or more sections of content on technology and include educational material from both general sections (information technology; drawing and graphics; fundamentals of entrepreneurship; fundamentals of design, professional self-determination), and from various fundamentals of sciences studied at school, which promotes understanding students the importance of knowledge in practical activities.

The Olympiads are held in two areas: technical labor (boys) and service labor (girls) in three stages: testing theoretical knowledge (testing), testing practical skills (completing a practical task according to instructional and technological maps) and defending the project. Moreover, the project evaluates: its practical part, explanatory note and public defense of the project using an electronic presentation.

A teacher helping a student complete a creative project must tell him how to prepare a high-quality presentation and conduct a pre-defense, teaching the author of the project to correctly use the material posted on the slides, skillfully supplementing his report with it, for which no more than seven minutes are allotted during the defense. When creating a multimedia presentation, it is necessary to achieve maximum information richness of the product while ensuring simplicity and transparency of the presented material.

overload and small font are difficult to understand, underloading leaves the impression that the presentation is superficial and poorly prepared;

list items are short phrases; maximum - two lines per phrase, optimally - one line. Reading a long sentence distracts attention from the report. A short phrase is easier to remember visually;

But along with the achievements of the Olympiad, they also reveal the problems of technological education in general and the level of training in certain areas and sections of technology in particular. Thus, the results of practical rounds showed a rather low level of students’ skills in working with modern sewing machines; insufficient use of instructional and technological maps; not always an informative presentation. The jury has many complaints about the careless attitude of both students and teachers towards compliance with safety regulations during the practical tour in the educational workshops of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University and at the stages of carrying out creative projects (this is revealed during the inspection of explanatory notes). I would like to see more projects for social purposes, in electrical engineering and electronics, in local history; complex multifunctional projects using little-known or new technologies.

The implementation of projects not only contributes to the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities, but also plays a large role in the development of students’ creative abilities, in identifying their interests and inclinations, which in turn forms a professional orientation and desire to engage in research work. Students who entered our university based on the results of Olympiads are characterized, as a rule, only on the positive side: they study well, are active, many of them continue their studies in master's programs. Mastery of project activities allows students to better appreciate the significance of “Technology” in human life and society, determined by the requirements.

2.2 Proposal for preparing for the defense of creative projects

The experience of participating in regional Olympiads in technology indicates that in the process of preparing schoolchildren to defend a creative project, insufficient attention is often paid to the content of the presentation and the quality of its design. As a result, the assessment of the project’s protection is reduced due to the inability to understand the motives for choosing the topic and unclear presentation of the content of the stages of work. The most common mistakes made when developing a presentation are:

overload of slides with text information - duplication of sections of the explanatory note;

abuse of additional effects (line creep, scattering of letters, pulsation of selected parts of text)

showing too complex drawings;

low quality photographs and careless design of graphic materials;

re-inclusion of identical or similar slides in content;

the presence of slides that are not related to the project.

A technology teacher helping a student complete a creative project must tell him how to prepare a high-quality presentation and conduct a pre-defense, teaching the author of the project to correctly use the material posted on the slides, skillfully supplementing his report with it, for which no more than 7 minutes are allotted during the defense. When creating a multimedia presentation, it is necessary to achieve maximum information richness of the product while ensuring simplicity and transparency of the presented material.

You need to think critically about each phrase: will your listeners understand it? Cumbersome and unclear phrases should be mercilessly

remove from the presentation. Any phrase should be informative and useful for commenting on a specific slide.

congestion and small font are difficult to understand, undercrowding leaves the impression that the presentation is superficial and poorly prepared.

list items are short phrases; maximum - two lines per phrase, optimally - one line. Reading a long sentence distracts attention from the report. A short phrase is easier to remember visually.

each phrase should logically lead to the following phrases - ultimately, the entire speech should be subordinated to the main goal. The report cannot repeat the same idea, even in different words - time is precious.

The type of presentations we are considering includes the following requirements:

The optimal number of lines on a slide is from 6 to 11.

the entire presentation is made in one color palette, usually based on one template.

it is necessary to maintain a uniform style of presentation of the formation.

It is advisable to place detailed information on the slide, and verbal commentary should be aimed at identifying technical contradictions, justifying design decisions and choosing technological methods.

Animation effects should not be reused. This is a rather primitive technique. Jury members may feel uncomfortable that they are trying to interest them in this, additional effects should not become an end in themselves, should be kept to a minimum and used only to draw attention to key points of the defense.

sound and visual effects should in no case come to the fore and obscure useful information: stages of product development and manufacturing.

Taking into account the recommendations developed above when developing a presentation will allow the author of the project to claim a high assessment of the report at the defense, and this is not unimportant, since the winners and runners-up of Olympiads are given the right to enter a university on preferential terms.

The materials are intended for teachers of history and technology implementing the project-based teaching method, and were used at VSPU when creating laboratory and practical work “Presentation for the defense of a creative project”, performed by students of the specialty “Technology and Entrepreneurship” when studying the discipline “ Technical creativity" is determined by the requirements.

Chapter 3. Development of proposals for the implementation of creative projects for 7th grade students

.1 Choosing a theme for a creative project

The pedagogical practice that took place in February-March 2012 prompted me to choose a topic for a creative project. Having come with my fellow trainees to the Moscow Olympic Committee No. 2 in Voronezh. After the first few lessons conducted together with the teacher, we were faced with the problem of equipping the training workshops, since the workbenches that were installed there had long since exhausted their service life, and it was simply impossible to teach children on them due to their unsatisfactory condition. It was not only impossible to perform any work (product) on them, but it was not safe to work on them.

It was decided to modernize the workbenches by making new bench vices.

By doing repair work, and involving students in it, I thought of a creative project that, when competent preparation may well participate in the Olympics.

.2 Construction

After the decision was made to modernize the workbenches, in particular the production of new bench vices. To select a bench vise, certain requirements were imposed on them:

· Increase downforce;

At present, there are quite a lot of similar mechanisms that meet our requirements, but they are all quite expensive, and Money Finding it in the middle of the school year is simply not possible. And with the current attitude towards the subject of technology, in comparison with other subjects such as computer science, which is considered a higher priority. Therefore, it was decided to make a bench vice ourselves, using improvised tools that we had in the locksmith workshop.

We installed school workbenches similar to the workbench shown in Figure 1. (Fig. 1)

Fig.1 Carpentry workbench

The big disadvantage of such workbenches is that they have a wooden vice made on them, on one guide; over time, the guides become deformed, and the vices themselves dry out and become deformed. They begin to jam, warp, cannot provide good clamping of the workpiece, this does not safe work children at such workbenches, which is so important in technology lessons. The design of the vice is better seen in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 Construction of a metal workbench

Screw; 2 - work board; 3 - pressure box; 4 - through sockets; 5 - folding stop; 6 - emphasis for facing; 7 - stop for thin parts; 3 - rear vice; 9 - front vice; 10 - backing board; 11 - workbench board; 12 - bench board with end eccentric; 13 - base; 14 - tray

The design of the workbenches installed in MOC No. 2 is slightly different from the workbench design shown in Fig. 1. In MOC No. 2, the base of the workbenches is made of a metal profile. This allowed us to design the vise structure using steel parts to ensure superior strength, reliability and wear resistance.

We did not see the point in repairing these vices or making the same new ones, since we understood that this would not last long; after a while, due to deformation of the guides, jamming, warping, and unreliable clamping of the workpiece would occur.

Therefore, a vice with two metal guides and a screw between them was taken as a sample (Fig. 3, Fig. 4).

Fig. 3 Vice M - 132

Fig. 4 Vise G - 178

It was decided to make the guides from a half-inch pipe and a rod of the appropriate size; the screws were taken from old vices installed on workbenches. The screw and guide rods were secured to the movable part of the vise by welding them to the corner, which is the base for the movable part of the vise; a wooden plate was attached to it using screws, ensuring safe and reliable clamping of the workpiece and preventing deformation of the workpiece during fixation in the vise. Two pipes and a nut for the screw were secured by welding to the metal base of the workbench.

3.3 Manufacturing

creative project olympiad workbench

Work on modernizing a carpentry workbench is carried out in the following sequence:

production of a movable sponge;

cutting the edges of the nut flange;

production of rods;

making a corner for a movable sponge;

welding parts of the movable jaw (angle, guide rods, plate for the screw);

production of guide bushings;

welding of fixed jaw parts (guide bushings, nut);

filing connections

Rice. 5 Cutting the workpiece for the movable jaw

For the movable sponge, pine beams with a section of 100x50 mm were used.

It is advisable to entrust the student with the operation of cutting the workpiece with a hacksaw for cross-cutting.

Fig.6 Marking holes in the movable jaw for screws and rods

The holes are marked by the student.

Marking is done using a tool ruler and pencil in accordance with the drawing.

Fig.7 Drilling holes in the movable jaw for the screw and rods

Drilling with feather drills is performed by a student on a 2M112 drilling machine.

Rice. 8 Trimming the edges of the nut flange

The circumcision operation was performed by the teacher using an electric corner cutting machine (grinder).

Rice. 9 Manufacturing of guide bushings

For the guide bushings, a half-inch pipe from an old water supply was used.

Rice. 10. production of rods

A rod with a diameter of 15 mm was used for the rods.

This operation is performed by a schoolchild with a hacksaw.

Rice. 11 Welding parts of the movable jaw (angle, guide rods, plate for screw)

this work performed by the teacher. The picture shows the operation of “grabbing” the rod to the corner of the movable jaw assembly to ensure that the axes of the guide bushings and rods coincide. The final welding is carried out after dismantling the movable jaw (removal from the workbench).

Fig. 12 Welding parts of a fixed jaw

The guide bushings and nut are welded to the workbench frame.

Welding is done by the teacher.

Rice. 13 Welding parts of the fixed jaw (guide bushings).

This work is done by the teacher

Fig. 14 Cleaning connections with a file

This work is performed by the student after completion of welding work.

Fig. 15 Finished vice after all operations have been completed

3.4 Preparation for defense of the creative project “Modernization of a carpentry workbench”

Structure of the explanatory note:

· Title page

·Main part

· Economic component

·Conclusion

During the modernization, it is advisable to consistently record (photograph) all operations (stages) in order to place them in the design selection and manufacturing sections.

It is important to prepare for the defense and develop a presentation.

Based on this, that it was possible to modernize the workbenches by sequentially performing all the operations for the manufacture of parts, assembly and adjustment, it is necessary to show the main stages in the presentation.

It is advisable to structure the presentation as follows:

Slide No. 1 Title page of the project (name of the project, author, title educational institution).

Slide No. 2 Name of the device being developed.

Slide No. 3 Requirements for a modernized workbench.

Slide No. 4 Options for different clamping devices (photo).

Slide No. 5 Prototype. Criticism, positive and negative aspects of the mechanism.

Slide No. 6 Drawing of the proposed mechanism.

Slide No. 7 Marking holes for moving and non-moving parts of the device (photo, description)

Slide No. 8 Drilling holes (photo, description).

Slide No. 9 Manufacturing of guide bushings and rods (photo, description).

Slide No. 10-11 welding of movable and non-movable vise jaws (photo, description).

Slide No. 13 Ready product(photo, description).

Conclusion

The implementation of the project method in the process of teaching OO "Technology" allows students to develop the following qualities:

sustainable interest in technological creativity;

student's creative abilities;

creativity

It is fruitful to choose topics for creative projects related to improving the material and technical equipment of school workshops and modernizing equipment.

As an example of the implementation of creative projects, a set of works was selected to modernize a carpentry workbench, which makes it possible to achieve a significant improvement in its following characteristics:

· Ensure smooth running of the clamping mechanism;

· Increase downforce;

· Ensure safety requirements;

During teaching practice In MOC No. 2, the carpentry workbenches were modernized, the result of which was to improve the reliability of fixing the workpiece and ensure the absence of deformation of the workpiece.

The amount of work performed in the process of modernizing four workbenches indicates that most of the operations can be entrusted to students in grades 6-7, and the modernization of a full set of carpentry workbenches can be completed within one quarter.

Bibliography

1. Beshenkov A.K. technology. Teaching methods for grades 5-9: Toolkit. [text] / A.K. Beshenkov, A.V. Bychkov, V.M. Kazakevich, S.E. Markutskaya. - M.: Bustard, 2003. - 224 p.

News of the VSPU 80 years. Collection scientific works. Olympiads in technology [Text] / N. F. Babina, V. S. Batrachenko.: Voronezh State Pedagogical University, editorial and publishing processing 2011.

Information Technology V educational process pedagogical university and schools. Recommendations for preparing a presentation for the defense of a creative project. [Text] / V. S. Batrachenko, A. I. Tatarintsev.: Voronezh State Pedagogical University 2011.

4. Creative projects of high school students on wood processing technology: Educational and methodological manual for teachers. [Text] / Bryansk: Publishing house of Bryansk State Pedagogical University. - 1998. - 232 p.

Technology. Lesson plans for the textbook edited. [Text] / V. D. Simonenko. 8th grade/automatic comp. O. V. Pavlov. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2007. - 281 p.

.Matyash N.V. Preparing a technology teacher to teach project activities to schoolchildren. [Text] / N.V. Matyash, N.V. Semenov. - Bryansk: Publishing house of Bryansk State Pedagogical University named after Academician I.G. Petrovsky, 2000 - 120 p.

Beshenkov A.K. Technology. Methodology for teaching technology. Grades 5 - 9: Methodological manual. [Text] / A.K. Beshenkov, A.V. Bychkov, V.M. Kazakevich, S.E. Markutskaya. - M.: Bustard, 2003. - 224 p.

Technology. 8th grade

Methods of teaching technology 8th grade. [Text] / A.K. Beshenkov, A.V. Bychkov, V.M. Kazakevich, S.E. Markutskaya. - M.: Bustard, 2003. - 224 p.: ill.

Simonenko V.D. Creative projects for students in grades 5 - 9 secondary schools: Book for teachers. [Text] / V.D. Simonenko. - Bryansk: Scientific and Methodological Center Technology, 1996. - 238 p.

Simonenko, V.D. Technology 8th grade (boys). Lesson plans based on the textbook Technology. 8th grade . [Text] / V.D. Simonenko, N.B. Golondareva. - Volgograd: Teacher - AST, 2003. - part 2. - 112 p.

Creative projects of high school students on wood processing technology: Educational and methodological manual for teachers. [Text] / Bryansk: Publishing house of Bryansk State Pedagogical University. - 1998. - 232 p.

Collection of normative - teaching materials by technology. [Text] / A. V. Marchenko, M. I. Gurevich. - M.: Ventana - Graff, 2002. - 224 p.

Technology. Lesson plans for the textbook edited. [Text] / V. D. Simonenko. 8th grade/automatic comp. O.V. Pavlova. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2007. - 281 p.

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Justification for the problem I have very much like making gifts with my own hands, and if it works out well, I can give them to my family. When I come to the store, I see a lot of things on the shelves, but I can’t buy them. The thing I liked is either expensive, or there is something about it that doesn’t suit me. This is where I start thinking about how to make something original and beautiful using arts and crafts techniques.

Historical information about the material for a leather handbag Leather is an environmentally friendly product. Leather processing is one of the oldest crafts on earth. Almost everything was made from it: clothes, shoes, wallets, handbags, hats, belts, and even horse harnesses were made.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR THE WORK TOOLS AND MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR THE WORK Ruler, square and pencil Well-sharpened scissors PVA glue or “Moment” Leather Sewing machine for making the lining Fabric for the lining Cardboard for the base Fastener Cord (which holds the handbag on the shoulder)

SAFETY RULES You can only work with a knife in the direction away from you. It is more convenient to cut leather with a knife using a metal ruler, but it is better to take measurements using a wooden one. The rings need to be wrapped in cloth or a strip of leather. All cutting tools must be well sharpened. Tuck your hair under a scarf.

Economic assessment project Economic assessment of the project approximate price handbags from genuine leather in the store 3000 rubles. When making a handbag, I will spend: “Moment” glue - 37 rubles. threads - 12 rub. fabric “Twill” 50 cm - 40 rub. braid 1.2 meters - 30 rubles Total: 119 rubles. By making this project, I saved about 2,750 rubles.

What new things did I learn while making the project? When making the handbag, I learned that after gluing the leather, you tap it with a hammer, then it fits tightly. And on sewing machine It is better to sew leather through paper, then the machine foot will easily advance the material, or coat the leather with machine oil.

Ways to sell crafts from old leather Nowadays, products made from genuine leather are in great demand, despite high price; and old boots, jackets, bags are thrown into the trash. You could open a collection point for things made from genuine leather, dye them and make fashionable things and various stylish things, and thereby organize your own business.

Literature used Literature used “Leather products: panels, souvenirs, decorations” - author T.A. Selivanova “Leather plastic” - authors N.V. Shakhova, N.A. Dmitrieva “Leather Products” - author S.N. Filippov “Three-dimensional paintings made of leather” - authors T.O. Skrebtsova, L.A. Danilchenko Fashion magazines on the topic “Do-it-yourself bag” T.N. Mankova “Stylish DIY leather jewelry” “Leather” E. Chekrizova