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Disposable plastic tableware is no longer a new product. This is an affordable and convenient way to reduce cleaning time and the weight of luggage on vacation or during transportation. Despite the periodic noise in the press about the dangers of plastic containers, they are in wide and constant demand. Because this is comfort for little money, and the “danger” of plastic for food is easily neutralized by its correct use. This product will always have its buyer. But will its production be profitable? Let's look at it step by step.

Areas of application and possible sales

Plastic products on the market today disposable tableware: plates, cups, glasses, skewers, drink stirrers, spoons, knives, forks, trays and food storage containers various forms and sizes. Dishes are made from plain and foamed polystyrene (for cold foods) or polypropylene (for high temperatures, microwave ovens).

Areas of application of plastic tableware:

• catering outlets operating on the principles of “fast food” (pancake houses, pizzerias, children’s cafes, canteens);
• enterprises that deliver ready-made meals to your home or office;
• grocery stores;
• food production enterprises;
• retail outlets with goods in bulk (confectionery, dairy products, ready-made salads).

A huge segment in the disposable tableware market is occupied by plastic cups - they are used almost everywhere: in offices, sanatoriums, children's and sports institutions(for coolers, in vending machines for hot and cold drinks, in the catering industry). Of course, the level of competition here is much higher than in the manufacture of other plastic tableware products.

To start production, you need to decide on the product range. To do this, you need to assess the presence of competing enterprises in the region, their range and pricing policy. Despite the large number of offers on the plastic products market, there may not be any worthy competitors, since a huge amount of plastic tableware is imported from China, and, as practice shows, the buyer is more loyal to the domestic manufacturer, even if the price of its products is higher.

Organizational issues of registering a business producing plastic utensils

Choosing an organizational form for legal registration business depends on the size of the planned profit. This can be as an individual entrepreneur (for small enterprise), and LLC. The latter, despite the greater amount of paperwork, finds it much easier to agree on cooperation with large enterprises both when purchasing raw materials and when concluding supply agreements for finished products. Traditionally, there is more trust in a legal entity. And VAT reimbursement is important in the tax optimization procedure. Therefore, optimal organizational form to open production – LLC on common system taxation, including VAT.

The following code should be indicated as the main activity: 25.24.2 production of plastic tableware and kitchen utensils and toiletries

Activities for the production of plastic utensils are not licensed, but certificates and specifications for compliance will be required finished products SanPiN standards and GOST requirements.

Please note the following regulatory documents:

• GOST R 50962-96 – “Dishes and household products made of plastic. General technical conditions";
• GOST 15820-82 - “Polystyrene and styrene copolymers”;
• GN 2.3.3.972-00 - instead of SanPiN No. 42-123-4240-86 “Permissible amounts of migration (AQM) of chemical substances released from polymers and other materials in contact with food products and methods for their determination”;
• SP 2.2.2.1327-03 – “ Hygienic requirements to the organization technological processes, production equipment and workplace";
• GN 2.2.4.1313-03 - “Maximum concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area.”

Nuances of choosing a production facility

If you plan to produce a full cycle with the operation of an extruder, the following requirements must be met:

• the height of the room is not lower than 4.5 m;
• floor – concrete or tiles;
• walls - 1.5-2 m from the floor surface are finished with non-combustible material;
• good ventilation; - ability to connect to a water supply system;
• connection to a 3-phase power supply.

If finished film is used as a raw material (in fact, the work is carried out on a heat press and packaging), the ceiling height is permissible lower, but not less than 3.5 m.

According to its functional purpose, the production premises should be divided into the following zones:

• Workshop for the production of plastic utensils;
• Administrative and amenity premises;
• Warehouse for storing raw materials;
• Warehouse for storing finished products;
• Changing rooms for staff;
• Bathroom.

Raw materials - choose quality

Technological process for the production of plastic tableware

Depending on the type of product, there are two technologies for producing plastic tableware: molding and casting. The injection molding method produces thick-walled tableware (cutlery, premium goods: shot glasses, wine glasses, glasses in individually made molds). The casting process is quite slow, production costs are high, since here the weight determines the quality and strength of the finished product. For example, the weight of a standard cup with a capacity of 200 ml is 3 g, made by injection molding - up to 10 g.

Making tableware using the molding method is more promising for mass consumption. The automated molding line can produce up to 30 million cups (13-18 million plates) per month.

Let us consider step by step the technology for manufacturing plastic utensils using this method:

1. Raw materials in the form of polyester residues (recycling) or finished granules are fed into the extruder. If you plan to produce colored tableware, colored granules are added to the white ones.

2. In the extruder, the granules are heated to the melting point, the melt is constantly mixed using a screw press. Having reached the desired consistency, the mass passes through a press, forming a plastic sheet about 2 mm thick. Basic Requirement– uniform thickness of the resulting product.

3. Ready The film roll enters the thermoforming machine, where, depending on the type of product, molds of various configurations are used.

4. But before forming blanks for future dishes, the film needs to be heated. To do this, it is sent through a 3-meter furnace, which heats the material to a plastic state.

5. In a thermoforming machine, the web is sucked tightly into the molds.

Using a press, row after row is squeezed out finished goods(cups, plates, packaging).

7. The resulting film scraps are disposed of for further use. Thus, manufacturing process turns out to be waste-free.

8. The trimmer transfers the products to the machine, which stacks the products and transfers them to the conveyor belt.

9. The belt transfers the products to the packaging. Or for further modification (heating and rolling the top edge of the cups to form rounded rims; applying printed images and logos), and then onto the packaging.

We are drawing up a business plan for the production of plastic tableware

1. The enterprise LLC “X” plans to produce the following product

• cutlery (spoons, knives, forks);
• glasses (200 ml capacity);
• dishes.

2. Raw materials and materials

• for the manufacture of cutlery and plates - polypropylene;
• for cups - polystyrene.

The products produced will be transparent (cups) and white (other products), since color additives contain harmful chemical dyes. The production is waste-free (remains of the film are melted in an extruder for further use).

3. Sales

• stationary catering outlets (50%);
• population and offices (20%) - seasonal outdoor retail outlets (20%);
• cafe (5%);
• lunch delivery, baking and confectionery (8%).

4. Room

Rented industrial premises - 500 m2 * 1400 rubles/m2. Rental cost - 700,000 rubles/month. (RUB 8,400,000/year)

5. Capital investments

A) Technological equipment(the price includes delivery of the line to manufacturing facility, installation, commissioning, personnel training):

• Extruder – RUB 1,048,950,
• Thermoforming machines – 2 pieces * 672,000 rubles = 1,344,000 rubles,
• Molds – 5 pieces * 241,710=RUB 1,208,550,
• Compressor – 600,600 rub.

B) Additional equipment:

• 2 computers and office equipment – ​​65,100 rubles,
• transport (Gazelle car) – 3 * 82,950 = 248,850 rubles.

Total – RUB 4,516,050.

6. Calculation of production capacity

M = production rate (according to technical data) * equipment operating time

It is planned to work in 2 shifts of 8 hours each with a lunch break (Saturday, Sunday, official holidays - weekends).

Predicted operating time of equipment = (calendar days - weekends - holidays) * number of working hours * number of shifts = 249 * 7 * 2 = 3486 hours / year

Minus 60 hours/year of downtime for maintenance and repair work – 3426 hours/year.
Production capacity = standard productivity * number of operating equipment * operating time of equipment

In accordance with the characteristics of the equipment, we will calculate the production capacity for each type of product:

M (glasses) = 20,000 pieces * 1 * 3426 h = 68,520,000 pieces/year

M (plates) = 18,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 61,668,000 pieces/year

M (knives) = 21,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

M (forks) = 21,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

M (spoons) = 21,000 pieces * 1* 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

7. Calculation of material costs

Material costs for the production of 1 unit of production = quantity consumables* purchase price of the material.

Plates (0.005 kg x 61,668,000 pieces) x 40 rubles = 12,333,600 rubles.

Cups (0.004 kg x 68,520,000 pieces) x 36 rubles = 9,866,880 rubles.

Cutlery - (0.002 kg x 71,946,000 pieces x 3) x 40 rubles = 17,267,040 rubles.

Other material costs(packaging, fuel, etc.) – RUB 9,866,880.

Total material costs – 49,334,400 rubles/year.

8. Personnel and payroll

Number and general fund wages per year (including holiday pay and bonuses during the season) to ensure 2-shift operation of the enterprise:

• Director – 435,600 rubles,
• Accountant – 382,800 rubles,
• Technologists (2*211,200 rubles) – 422,400 rubles,
• Equipment adjusters (2*204,600 rubles) - 409,200 rubles,
• Workers (20*198,000) – 3,960,000 rubles,
• Loaders (4*184,800) – 739,200 rubles,
• Drivers (4*171600) – 686,400 rubles,
• Cleaners (2*165,000) – RUB 330,000.

Total total wage fund – 7,365,600 rubles/year

Salary taxes (UST) will amount to RUB 1,915,056/year

During the high season (April-September) it is planned to create additional places and flexible work schedules for general workers (students).

9. Calculation of product costs

The cost per unit of production is calculated as the sum of material costs, costs of wages and social needs (UST), depreciation and other costs (rent + advertising).

Plates – 14,309,976 (material costs) + 1,473,120 (salary) + 383,011.2 (Unified Social Tax) + 1,578,821 (depreciation) + 1,741,000 (rent + advertising) = 19,485,928.20 rubles

Cost of 1 plate - 19,485,928.20 rubles / 61,668,000 pieces = 0.32 rubles

By analogy, we calculate the cost of other products:

• cups – 0.25 rub/piece,
• cutlery – 0.18 rub/piece

10. Determination of the selling wholesale price

Product unit price = Cost of 1 piece + Profit rate (according to standards - 25%)

We calculate the minimum selling price threshold for wholesale:

• plates – 0.32 + (0.32*25%) = 0.40 rub.
• glasses – 0.25 + (0.25*25%) = 0.31 rub.
• cutlery – 0.18 + (0.18*25%) = 0.23 rub.

11. Calculation of the production program

Sales revenue = number of product pieces/year * price per piece

Glasses – 68,520,000 pieces/year*0.31 rubles = 21,241,200 rubles/year

Plates - 61,668,000 pieces/year*0.40 rubles = 24,667,200 rubles/year

Knives - 71,946,000 pieces/year * 0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Forks - 71,946,000 pieces/year*0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Spoons - 71,946,000 pieces/year*0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Total revenue for the year: 95,551,140 rubles/year.

12. Calculation of balance sheet and net profit

Based on the calculated data, we compose financial plan production of plastic tableware in value terms:

• Sales revenue – 95,551,140 rubles/year,
• The cost of dishes is 75,217,160 rubles/year,
• Profit from sales (balance sheet) – 20,333,980 rubles/year, (Revenue - Cost)
• Income tax (20%) – 4,066,796 rubles/year, Net profit = Balance sheet profit – Income tax = 16,267,184 rubles/year.

13. Calculation of profitability

Product profitability is calculated using the formula: P = (Book profit: Cost) x 100%P = 20,333,980: 75,217,160 * 100% = 27%

Conclusion: the business of producing plastic tableware is profitable with large scale sales. Subject to the estimated capacity utilization, the initial investment in a business project can pay off within 2-3 months.

The post has been changed:

How to start a production of disposable plastic tableware

The production of disposable tableware is one of those business ideas that do not lose their relevance and provide the business owner with high profits for many years.

Brief business analysis:
Costs of setting up a business:5.5 – 7.5 million rubles
Relevant for cities with the population: from 200,000
Industry situation:the production sector is saturated
Difficulty of organizing a business: 4/5
Payback: 10-14 months

As a rule, today, aspiring entrepreneurs, while looking for promising directions to organize your own business, they pay more attention to considering projects that have all the signs of startups (you can find out about startups here):

• Quick return on investment
• Low competition as possible
• Raising funds for the implementation of business from outside.

Well, impatience and energy are inherent in the younger generation. Meanwhile, experienced entrepreneurs value stability and prospects more. The production of disposable tableware has exactly these characteristics.

Advantages of disposable tableware

First, we need to clarify the question: why is disposable plastic tableware so good that its use is gradually replacing the traditional dishes made of plastic, glass, porcelain, etc., which are familiar to most people?

• First of all, the advantages of disposable tableware include its sanitary qualities. The buyer, purchasing food or drink in disposable plates, cups, using disposable forks, spoons, and knives, will be 100% sure that no one has used them before. The “worm” of doubts about the quality of dishwashing in this establishment will not “sharpen” his brain in the process of eating.
• Safety of disposable tableware. It cannot be broken and cut on the sharp edges of the fragments (this is especially attractive for children's food establishments).
• There is also a benefit for entrepreneurs - there is no need to purchase dishwashing detergents. Which, by the way, are now quite expensive.

Demand for disposable tableware

To imagine the scale of your future business, you first need to determine your target audience - buyers who will purchase wholesale quantities of your products from you. It’s ridiculous to even talk about retail sales of plastic utensils by the manufacturer. Therefore, consider opening your own retail outlets we will not.

Working with regular clients and increasing the number of these clients through various marketing campaigns- this is the main priority after production starts. Such wholesale buyers include:

• Various establishments Catering– cafes, snack bars, pizzerias, canteens, etc.
• Kiosks that sell takeaway food
• Mini-bakeries producing culinary products
• Services fast delivery food to order
• Catering companies
• Super- and hypermarkets with their own culinary production
• Fruit and vegetable traders

As you can see, the range of buyers to whom you can offer your products is quite wide. All that remains is to attract them all to your proposal. But more on that a little later.

From the outside, it may seem to some skeptics that this business is seasonal, but we can safely say that this is not the case. Look at the disposable tableware consumers listed above - they all work all year round. This means that there can be no talk of a drop in the volume of purchases in critical indicators. A slight increase in sales in the spring-summer period due to picnic lovers can be considered a pleasant bonus.

Raw materials for production

The raw material for the production of disposable plastic tableware is granulated polystyrene, somewhat similar to foam balls. The cost of 1 ton of such material now ranges from 45 to 100 thousand rubles, depending on the diameter of the granules, their brand, etc.

This type of raw material is used for the production of tableware in a full production cycle, which includes the stages of melting polystyrene granules and making a polymer film from them, from which disposable tableware is made.

There is also an incomplete production cycle, in which another type of raw material is used - finished polymer film from the same polystyrene or polypropylene. The price of such film is from 100 to 190 thousand rubles per 1 ton.

Manufacturers of both types of raw materials can be chosen, both domestic and foreign, depending on the proposed delivery conditions.

How to organize production

The implementation of the project for the production of disposable plastic tableware consists of several stages:

1. Business registration
2. Search for production location
3. Purchasing the necessary equipment
4. Recruitment

Let's consider each stage separately.

Registration of business activities

Choosing between the two most acceptable forms of management entrepreneurial activity for the production of plastic disposable tableware is determined primarily by the planned production volumes, and, as a consequence, profits. For a small enterprise the best option There will be registration as an individual entrepreneur, for larger ones - LLC. You can find out the difference between an individual entrepreneur and an LLC at this link.

Choose suitable system taxation, you can do this, and you can find out how to combine several tax regimes.

OKVED code for an enterprise producing disposable tableware:

25.24.2 – production of plastic tableware, kitchenware and toiletries

No special permits or licenses are required to organize a business. However, it should be taken into account that the finished product will require a certificate of compliance with its standards required by SanPin and GOST.

Where to locate production

As a rule, most manufacturing enterprises are located on the outskirts settlements. The following factors speak in favor of this arrangement:

• Greater choice of premises in terms of parameters (area, power supply, etc.) compared to buildings located in urban areas
• Lower rent
• No complaints from residents of nearby residential buildings regarding noise, smell, approaching cars, etc.

The area of ​​a plant for the production of disposable tableware must be selected taking into account the fact that the following buildings should be located in one building:

• Manufacturing facility
• Finished goods warehouse
• Raw materials warehouse
• Staff room
• Administrative office for working with clients

Taking into account the specifics of production and the raw materials used for it, the following criteria are imposed on the workshop:

• The floor should be poured concrete or tiled
• The ceiling height in the production room must be at least 4.5 m - this is due to the equipment installed in it
• The walls must be finished with fireproof material to a height of at least 1.5 m
• The workshop must have a ventilation system and be connected to the water supply network
• The electrical network of the workshop must have 3 phases (380 volts)

As I said above, production is divided into full and non-full full cycle s. Equipment for the production of disposable tableware in a full cycle includes:

• Granulator
• Crusher
• Extruder
• Thermoforming line (or punching presses instead)
• Stacking and packaging line

For an incomplete production cycle, only the last two items from this list are needed.

Depending on the type of product being manufactured, additional equipment may be required. So, for example, the production of plastic cups will require:

• Apparatus for bending the top edge of cups
• Cup counting and packing machine
• Special printers for printing advertising inscriptions and images on dishes

The production of plastic cutlery - forks, spoons, knives will require the purchase of bulk molds. A complete set of equipment can cost 5-7 million rubles, not counting other expenses for organizing a business - rent for premises, purchase of raw materials, etc.

A few words need to be said regarding the choice of equipment. Firstly, you can always try to save money by purchasing used devices. But no one can give you a guarantee that such equipment for the production of plastic tableware will not require repairs every month. The second question concerns equipment manufacturers. Make a choice between domestic and foreign offers quite simple - you just need to compare the price, guarantee period services, and reviews from previous customers, and everything will become clear to you.

Recruitment

Regarding personnel selection, it is a little more complicated. Professions of operators like production lines They don’t teach it anywhere, so you’ll have to train specialists yourself. However, many equipment manufacturing companies offer their clients training on how to operate their equipment.

In conclusion, I want to say that even despite the huge investments in the implementation of this project, its payback is (of course, with a competent approach to the matter) only about 1 year. So if you want to start similar production and there is a shortage starting capital You might think about getting loans from banks or private investors. You can find out how to borrow money correctly here -. And that's all I have for today. I wish you success in business!

And here’s what the stages of producing disposable tableware look like

One of the promising areas today is the production of paper tableware as a business. By purchasing good, powerful equipment and mastering manufacturing technology, you can conquer the as yet unfilled market. After all most of Such goods come to us from abroad, and there are very few domestic workshops.

It is enough to competently draw up a business plan, study in detail the market of the selected region, prepare the production process, hire employees and agree on the supply of the first batch of goods. And within 6-12 months you will begin to receive a net profit, which will give you the opportunity to expand and offer customers new tableware options.

Business Features

Disposable cups and plates quickly became fashionable. But if until recently only plastic options could be found on store shelves, today they have successfully begun to be replaced by paper products. This type of cookware has the following advantages:

1. Hygiene.
2. Environmental friendliness.
3. Does not spoil the taste of products.
4. Low level of thermal conductivity, which makes it possible not to burn your hands when holding a hot drink.
5. The material from which it is made completely decomposes within a few years without causing damage to the environment.
6. It is easy to print an advertisement or company logo on paper.

Such products are increasingly in demand, but in Russia it is still very low level competition among manufacturers. By producing disposable tableware, it is possible to displace even foreign suppliers by reducing prices.

This business is good because the automated line will produce dishes 24 hours a day, all year round. And this doesn’t require many workers. With not particularly high costs, you will reach full payback in just a few months. It is not surprising that the production of paper tableware is considered a very promising project.

Enterprise registration

You can register a business as an individual entrepreneur, but experts still recommend it, since a legal entity will have its own advantages:

• more founders available;
• in case of failure, you risk only your authorized capital;
• large companies prefer to cooperate with a company rather than with an individual entrepreneur;
• such a business inspires more confidence in various regulatory services;
• it is possible to reimburse VAT, which significantly affects the financial component.

In addition, you will need to select the appropriate OKVED code for the production of disposable paper tableware. When registering employees, you need to register with Pension Fund and FSS. It is also necessary to obtain permission from the SES and fire inspection for the production of food products, which include this type products. Particular attention should be paid to the requirements of GOST and SanPiN.

Technological stages

When setting up an automated line using modern equipment The production of disposable tableware is a simple process:

1. The laminated sheet of paper is printed.
2. Blank the right size carved with a special press.
3. In the molding machine, the product is given the intended volumes.
4. The edges are soldered, the excess is cut off.
5. If this is the production of cups, then the bottom is cut out separately and placed inside.

Special laminated paper (single or double sided) is used as raw material. Its density should be 150-350 g/m2. Finnish material is considered to be the best in quality, but due to high prices, the cost of such dishes will be too high. Therefore, it is recommended to use paper from a domestic manufacturer, which will significantly reduce costs.

Shop selection

To make disposable tableware, you will need enough space. Depending on the assortment, expected turnover and the availability of certain machines, the appropriate premises are selected:

• it should be located in the industrial part of the city;
• minimum ceiling height – 4.5 meters;
• concrete or tile floor;
• fireproof coating on walls;
• the presence of a three-phase electrical network is required;
• water supply and good ventilation system are installed.

The entire building is divided into specific work areas - workshop, warehouse, administration, utility rooms, bathrooms, locker rooms for employees. Also check the list of requirements from the sanitary-epidemiological service and fire safety so that regulatory authorities do not make claims.

What equipment should I buy?

In order to produce disposable paper tableware, you will have to purchase an automated line. First, it is advisable to decide on a list of required elements, for example:

1. Apparatus for cutting blanks.
2. Device for thermal or ultrasonic treatment.
3. Printing press.
4. Nozzles and blanks for imparting required forms and sizes, etc.

Keep in mind that you will need two different lines to produce plates and glasses. After all, even if it is possible to change attachments on the same machine in order to maintain required speed production, it is highly undesirable to stop the process.

When choosing, pay attention to the power of the device, the quantity and quality of products produced, as well as the method of gluing parts. It can be ultrasonic or thermal. The first option is more preferable, although expensive.

Another important point when purchasing equipment - the choice of the manufacturer. European and American machines are of high quality and good speed, but their price may seem too expensive. Chinese devices on the market are considered the cheapest, but they also produce a lot of defects, which will significantly affect the entire work process.

The most optimal option is to choose equipment from a European manufacturer, since at a more reasonable price it is possible to purchase an automated line for the production of good quality disposable tableware.

Staff

To operate such machines you do not need a large number of people, much less highly qualified specialists. Therefore, it is enough to hire several people who will only control the machines and store the goods.

True, you still have to hire:

• Accountant for maintenance financial statements or invite him only when necessary.
• Product sales manager, since the success of the entire business largely depends on established relationships with customers.

After the production of products has been established, one of the most important tasks remains to organize the sale of the manufactured product. It is better if an experienced manager deals with this issue. Basically, disposable paper tableware is purchased by:

1. (cafes, restaurants, fast food).
2. Sports complexes.
3. Entertainment centers.
4. etc.

To disseminate information about your production, you can use all modern available methods advertising - media, Internet, banners, advertisements, etc. Having concluded several contracts with permanent wholesale clients, you will ensure stability for your business and quickly achieve full payback.

Download for free as a sample.

Financial calculations

To predict the profitability of the project and find out over what period you can return your initial investment, you need to decide on the cost of the selected equipment, production volumes and establish quick sales of the goods.

For example, if you purchase an automated high-power line for 1 million rubles, you can count on producing 35 products per minute. With 24/7 production this would be approximately 1,500,000 units per month. And if you make a low markup on a product, say 1 ruble above cost, then the income will be 1,500,000 rubles.

From this amount you need to subtract taxes, wages, public utilities, purchasing raw materials for the next batch of goods, etc. As a result, after just six months, with established sales of finished tableware, we can talk about a full return on the initial investment.

• purchase better and more powerful equipment;
• install machines to diversify the range;
• open branches in other regions, etc.

Video: production of paper cups.

Compact and lightweight plastic tableware is very popular in the world and in Russia. It is widely used in everyday life and the grocery business. In dynamics for 2005-2016. The market volumes for these products in our country have been growing. On average, it continues to grow by 10-15% annually.

In these conditions, opening a small plant for the production of disposable tableware seems interesting idea. The article will tell you about the features of the production of plastic products and the situation on the market. In it you will find and economic calculations business payback.

Sales market

The market for disposable plastic tableware in the country began to actively develop after 2000. In addition to Russian manufacturers, European countries were supplying these products. Among the main exporters are Germany, Italy, Finland. The market grew steadily even during the global financial crisis 2009.

Now a barrier has been set up for foreign manufacturers - high import duties. It opened additional features for domestic enterprises.

Now Russian market disposable tableware is open to new members - it is approximately 75-80% full. A large share of products produced in the country goes to the EAEU market, mainly to Belarus and Kazakhstan. Consumption volumes in Russia continue to increase consistently.

Potential consumers

Among the main consumers of disposable tableware:

• public catering points - share more than 50%;
• catering (celebratory events, cooperatives) - 20-25%;
• seasonal outdoor cafes - 15-20%
• retail sales in stores - about 10%.

An entrepreneur needs to expect to sell goods to stores in bulk.

You can also highlight the direction of vending - the sale of food through vending machines. In Russia, this direction is just developing, so the prospects are extremely bright.

There is a comparison between the situation in the Russian and Western markets; in our country the level of consumption is noticeably lower. This suggests that the market has room to grow.

Advantages of disposable tableware

The high popularity of disposable tableware is due to its undoubted advantages:

1. Light weight and no risk of breaking it. Plastic dishes are convenient to take with you on picnics and hikes. With a high capacity, it is compact and takes up little space in your luggage.
2. Hygiene. It is suitable for one-time use and then thrown away. Therefore, there is no risk of “catch” an intestinal infection.
3. Chemical resistance and heat resistance. The dishes are easy to use for hot dishes.
4. Multifunctionality. Cutlery (spoons, forks, knives) and other utensils (glasses, plates) of different sizes and shapes are made from plastic.
5. Safety. If they comply with GOST standards, plastic utensils are safe for health.
6. Low price. The main advantage is that people with any salary can buy disposable tableware.

Initial costs

To create a small factory for the production of disposable tableware, you will need a substantial initial amount. The main expense items are the purchase of high-quality equipment and payment of salaries to employees. A high salary should be set for the chief technologist - a specialist on whom the quality of the finished product directly depends.

Table 1. Calculation of initial investments to start production.

The cost of renting premises is for a provincial city with a population of up to 1 million people.

Registration

You can start a business either in the form of an individual entrepreneur or as entity(OOO). Work as individual entrepreneur Suitable for starting a small production workshop. But large catering companies, as well as retail chains prefer to work with legal entities. persons.

The OKVED code for registration is 25.24.2 (“Production of plastic tableware and kitchen utensils, toiletries”).

You do not need to obtain a license, but the work should be brought into compliance with GOSTs. Industrial production You can start after receiving a certificate of product quality from Rospotrebnadzor and its compliance with GOST.

All wholesale buyers will request certificates of conformity; they will not buy without them.

Documentation

Below is a list of standards that are important to study and take into account when organizing the production of disposable tableware:

1. GOST R 50962-96 - “Dishes and household products made of plastic. General technical conditions";
2. GOST 15820-82 - “Polystyrene and styrene copolymers”;
3. GN 2.3.3.972-00 - instead of SanPiN No. 42-123-4240-86 “Permissible amounts of migration (AQM) of chemical substances released from polymers and other materials in contact with food products and methods for their determination”;
4. SP 2.2.2.1327-03 - “Hygienic requirements for the organization of technological processes, production equipment and the workplace”;
5. GN 2.2.4.1313-03 - “Maximum concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area.”

Room

It is better to look for a production facility outside the city, far from residential areas, because the production of plastic tableware is accompanied by harmful fumes. In addition, operating a workshop in such places is cheaper - both in terms of rental costs and staff wages. There is no need to locate the facility too far from sales markets to avoid increased logistics costs.

On an area of ​​120-150 sq. m will be located directly at the production workshop, warehouses, staff premises, and administrative rooms.

When choosing and arranging the territory for a mini-plant, the following requirements are taken into account:

• the presence of a concrete floor or smooth tiles;
• covering the walls with tiles or other fireproof material;
• ceiling height of at least 4.5-5 m;
• availability of serviceable engineering communications - powerful ventilation and power supply (three-phase network, 380V).

Raw materials

Polystyrene or polypropylene is used as raw material for the manufacture of plastic tableware. You can use granulated polystyrene (granulate), which is processed into film. Products are made from film.

Can you buy it already? ready-made semi-finished product- polystyrene film. It is more expensive, but it speeds up the production process. It is recommended to purchase all equipment and ensure a full production cycle. In the future, it will pay off and will reduce the cost of finished products to a minimum.

The most important thing when choosing raw materials is the absence of harmful impurities. You only need to choose food grade polystyrene.

Equipment for the production of disposable tableware

The main expense item when organizing a business is the purchase of equipment. There are expensive German equipment on sale, and cheaper Chinese equipment. You can buy used equipment, but in this case you will have to budget for unforeseen expenses - for repairs.

According to the terms of our business plan, a ready-made line for the production of disposable tableware is purchased. It will automate the process and high quality output product. The cost of such a line is 4 million rubles, productivity is 30 thousand units of products per hour. Its design includes an extruder, an automatic thermoplastic machine, a trimmer, presses, and a machine for bending edges.

You can also buy a shredder and a printer for applying images. Although the work of the workshop is possible without them.

Production technology

1. Raw materials are added to the extruder. The plastic balls heat up and melt. Using a screw press, they are mixed into a mass until homogeneous. In addition to white balls, you can add multi-colored ones. This allows you to create dishes of a specific color.
2. The viscous liquid melt is passed through a press. This creates a canvas, a film, the thickness of which is up to 2 mm. It is rolled into rolls or sent for further processing.
3. In a thermoforming machine, the film is reheated and drawn into the molds.
4. The canvas with rows of shapes extruded into it enters a trimmer, which cuts out the blanks.
5. The blanks are sorted and modified on the conveyor - the edges are folded. Then packaging is done.

Unused plastic scraps from the trimmer can be put back into the extruder for melting.

Staff

Table 3. List of workers required for production.

Job title	Main functions
Manager, 1 person	Monitoring work, interaction with contractors
Chief technologist, workshop foreman, 1 person.	Control over the process and manufacturability of production
Workers, 2 people.	Operating equipment
Loaders, 2 people.	Supply of raw materials, unloading and loading operations
Driver, 1 person	Logistics, goods delivery
Sales manager, 1 person.	Searching for buyers, concluding supply contracts
Cleaners, 2 people	Cleaning and maintaining cleanliness in the workshop

Total - 11 people. The functions of a manager (director) can be performed by the entrepreneur himself (at first). An accountant should be outsourced.

The main task is to find qualified workers. You can “make” a chief technologist yourself by sending your person for training to the manufacturer. Subsequently, he will train workers from scratch.

Financial plan: profitability and payback

Initial costs amounted to 5.28 million rubles.

Monthly costs consist of the following items:

• purchase of raw materials for production;
• rent price;
• staff salaries;
• additional and unaccounted expenses.

In total - 1.3 million rubles.

Over 22 work shifts, 5,280,000 products will be produced.

30000 × 8 × 22 = 5.28 million units.

Average retail price of 1 product (cup, plate, cutlery) - 31 kop. When selling products produced in a month, you can earn 1.63 million rubles.

Net profit is 330 thousand rubles. Accordingly, a business producing disposable tableware will be able to fully pay for itself in 16 months, and then begin to bring a stable monthly income to its owner.

Possible risks

The main risks for a businessman are:

1. Competition. There are many in Russia large manufacturers disposable tableware, which are already fixed and have good reputation. It's about both about domestic companies and foreign ones that continue to supply to the Russian Federation, even despite high duties. In addition, some foreign manufacturers They simply located factories in Russia.
2. Uncertain prospects and status. Abroad (including in countries Western Europe) are thinking about banning the use of disposable plastic tableware. Replacing it with paper is a way to reduce harm to the Earth's biosphere. There is also talk about this in Russia, although it is more difficult to implement the idea in our country due to the lack of a mechanism for separate waste collection.

It is expected that in the next decade in our country the demand for plastic tableware will remain high. In such conditions, production in industrial scale(if properly organized) will allow a businessman to gain a foothold in the market, gain valuable experience and large capital for further expansion and diversification. Our business plan for organizing the production of disposable tableware will allow you to better understand the issue, assess your investment opportunities, the approximate amount of work and potential profit.

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Russian factories of disposable tableware

— catalog for 2020. 50 enterprises provided goods. Disposable tableware factories:

• "Plastic DV".
• "Atlas".
• "Artplast".
• "Bulgari Green" and others.

Manufacturers have mastered the production of plastic and paper products. Plastic products occupied 80% of the market, paper 20%. The company offered a range of products: cups, containers, plates. The production also produces glasses for drink machines. Production equipment has been modernized. Companies have mastered sales through online stores.

Manufacturing organizations have launched the production of plastic products recycling. Food manufacturers and food companies use disposable utensils everywhere. The business introduced new packaging methods and used safe raw materials. Prices Russian products up to 70% more profitable than imported ones.

Transport organizations will help with delivery throughout Moscow and the Moscow region, to federal regions and abroad. Enterprises entered their addresses and telephone numbers in the “Contacts” tab on the exhibition website. Russian manufacturer looking for suppliers, wholesale buyers. A company employee will inform you how to buy goods in bulk, download the price list, and conclude a dealer agreement. The list is being updated.