Good day to you, my dear readers! Let's go back in time for a moment and share the most vivid impressions from our childhood. I am sure that most of you (and I, too), first of all, will remember visiting the zoo.

Indeed, children always react very vividly to various animals and are ready to devote a lot of time to communicating with them. Parents are not at all opposed to spending a lot of money to make their child's childhood colorful and memorable.

In this article, I suggest that you consider original business the idea of ​​organizing your own contact mini-zoo. During his visit, children and adults will be able to directly contact with animals (stroke, feed, etc.), which will greatly enhance the effect of contact with nature. Like any business idea with animals, this is an extremely time-consuming business, but useful for the younger generation and, most importantly, profitable.

Opening a contact mini-zoo: the first steps

Let's start with some theoretical background. Let's figure out what types of petting zoos can be organized, depending on your place of residence and financial capabilities. I singled out only two main types: rural and urban. There are a number of fundamental differences between them.

Rural mini-zoo. The name speaks for itself - it is located in the countryside and is a fenced area with enclosures placed on it. There are two types of enclosures: closed and open.

In a rural contact mini-zoo, common animals are usually presented - horses, rabbits, ducks, geese, turkeys, sheep, goats. It is logical to assume that such a zoo is in close symbiosis with subsidiary farming, and products derived from animals also bring income.

It is worth opening such a zoo if you have an inclination and desire to engage in farming activities. In addition to standard excursions, this zoo can hold classes on environmental education for schoolchildren, organize animal feeding with visitors, as well as horseback riding.

City contact mini-zoo. It is located closer to the city center, as a rule, in or near large shopping centers. Cages, aquariums and terrariums with small animals, reptiles, amphibians, arthropods and, sometimes, insects are located indoors with sufficient area. Keeping large animals in such a zoo is unprofitable and inconvenient, so the owners of the establishment try to fill it with exotic and unpretentious creatures.

These include snakes, lizards, iguanas, frogs, crocodiles, as well as monkeys and some members of the cat family. This type of zoo is quite suitable for a year-round visit, and the spectrum depends on its location. additional services that the entrepreneur can provide.

Thinking of opening a private contact mini-zoo, but don't know where to start? Read the answers below!

First: lease-contractual affairs. We are looking for a room or plot (depending on the type of zoo). It’s easier with a plot - suburban agricultural land costs a penny, and you can take several hectares at a ridiculous price. Naturally, renting a plot makes absolutely no sense. If you do not have a country house, then subsequently a small part of the site can be transferred to individual housing construction and build a house there. As for the city mini-zoo, it is better to rent a room here. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully check the heating and ventilation systems and make sure that they are in full working order. By area, choose a room with a "margin" for future expansion. Having chosen the right living space for future scaly and furry residents, proceed to the next step.

Second: paperwork. We register our IP, get all the necessary documents, stock up on valerian and go to the SES, and then to the fire inspection for the relevant permits and regulations. The success and speed of obtaining all papers depends on the mood of the employees of these institutions, the position of the stars in the sky, the exchange rate of the Japanese yen, the political situation in Ethiopia, atmospheric pressure, and a number of other non-obvious factors. When all the papers are framed and a pair of gray hair turns white on the head, you can safely proceed to the direct arrangement of the future zoo.

Third: affairs of life. After compiling a list of animals that you plan to put in a zoo, start buying everything necessary equipment and aviaries. Place them indoors / on the site so that the species that are at war with each other are located as far apart as possible (for example, it is better not to put a fox and chickens in the same cage). Make appropriate repairs in the room and competently decorate the interior. Place a stand at the entrance with a list of services and a work schedule. Having prepared the premises for the entry of new tenants, proceed to their search and purchase.

Fifth: veterinary affairs. It is absolutely necessary to have a veterinary passport for each animal and periodically monitor its health status. A professional veterinarian can be hired as a staff or simply enter into an agreement with a trusted veterinary clinic.

sixth: personnel matters. It is unlikely that you alone will manage the organization of the zoo, so willy-nilly you will have to hire several workers. Here is an approximate list of useful employees for the zoo: administrator, tour guide, cleaner, veterinarian and animator (optional).

Tip: Thoroughly study all available literature and Internet sources on the care, feeding, maintenance and lifestyle of your animals. Otherwise, some of them may suddenly go to heaven because of some insignificant little thing.

In the next section of the article, I will introduce you to a number of obvious and non-obvious features of this business.

Features and nuances of this business idea

Question: how to make a lot of money in a contact mini-zoo, as a rule, is not the cornerstone of this business. Creativity and a little ingenuity will allow you to receive a stable monthly profit.

a) place an urban petting zoo on busy streets, near large cafes and shopping centers, and a rural one within 20-30 km from the city, preferably in an area near which a busy highway passes;

b) the zoo is designed primarily for children, so it would not be superfluous to organize a playground or game room recreation, as well as the sale of ice cream, cotton candy and soda;

c) as for the rural zoo, a retail outlet should be opened within its borders and milk, eggs and handmade souvenirs should be sold in it;

d) if possible, have young chickens, sheep, goats and piglets in the rural zoo. Believe me: playing with a young piglet will be a hundred times more interesting for a child than stroking a sluggish python or iguana!

e) prohibit photography and video filming. Take pictures of those who wish for affordable price and print photos on the spot. To do this, you need a laptop and a good printer;

f) establish contacts with all possible educational institutions of the city. In the future, you can even create a paid environmental circle based on your zoo;

Investments and income

It is rather difficult to calculate the costs of organizing a petting zoo. The fact is that they will vary in a very wide range due to the characteristics of a particular business project, its scale and location. To open a small contact mini-zoo in an average Russian city, you will need at least 300 thousand rubles. If you decide to fill your menagerie with exotic animals, then the costs will start from 500 thousand rubles and go to infinity. The zoo will pay off in about a year. Here is an approximate list of the main expenses that you will face at the initial stage of this business:

a) rental of premises and its arrangement for your needs;
b) purchase of various animals;
c) payment for veterinary support services;
d) purchase of cages and aviaries;
e) purchase of feed and specialized equipment;
f) advertising campaign in all available media.

Each month, you will also have to spend money on employee salaries, utility bills, taxes, zoo cleaning and advertising. If you plan not to stand still, but periodically expand the business, then you can also include the purchase of new animals in your monthly expenses.

As for income, it largely depends on the additional services that your zoo provides. Paid photo and video shooting, sale of souvenirs and organization of scheduled excursions from educational institutions significantly accelerate the payback of the business and your personal well-being. When planning a business, it is also worth considering the fact that in winter time the zoo will likely have to close as some of the animals will hibernate or become very lethargic. As a rule, the contact zoo season lasts from April to October. The optimal cost of a ticket should not exceed 150 rubles - the main income should still be received from related services.

Instead of a conclusion

It is difficult to imagine a more specific type of entrepreneurship than the animal business. It requires vigilant daily monitoring and is associated with constant unpleasant surprises.

Animals are not soulless machines and it is much easier to harm them than electronic or mechanical equipment. Therefore, before you decide to organize your contact mini-zoo, think carefully about whether you will be too burdened by the responsibility for so many living creatures that require care and care.

And, finally, I would like to recall the words from the famous fairy tale by Antoine de Saint-Exupery: we are responsible for those we have tamed. Let this phrase become the motto of your business and then you will certainly succeed. Good luck!

May 9, 2016 Sergey

Contact or "touching" zoo- an institution with animals that do not pose a direct danger to humans. Each visitor of such an institution can freely touch, stroke and feed the animal. If you are planning to open your own petting zoo or are passionate about animals, then be sure to read this business idea. She probably the only one in RuNet, which will reveal all the intricacies of the petting zoo business.

Most Russian petting zoos keep domestic and farm animals of traditional and exotic breeds. Rabbits, hens and chickens, ducks and other Domestic bird, piglets, goats. Sometimes there are calves. Kittens and puppies of dogs are found everywhere. In a number of such establishments, puppies of raccoons and foxes, turtles, hedgehogs, peacocks, non-venomous snakes, ferrets and other "wild" exotics can also be kept.

The opening of such a zoo, according to its owners, carries good goals. Since, they refer to the opinion of scientists, constant contact with animals favorably affects the well-being of a person.

There is a scientific term pet therapy. It characterizes the positive therapeutic effect of animals on humans. Contact with animals in humans in the blood. Even in primitive times, man had the first pets. Therefore, it is not surprising that petting zoos are very popular. So, in this area there is a stable demand! His and seeks to satisfy the private business in all manifestations.

Turning to the statistics of search queries from Yandex, we will see that the topic of business at the petting zoo is very popular. Here are five popular phrases requested in the search engine:

1. open petting zoo,
2. how to open a petting zoo,
3. petting zoo business plan,
4. petting zoo business plan with calculations,
5. how to open petting zoo documents.

To open a private petting zoo, you need to purchase all the necessary animals. Each such animal must have a veterinary passport or certificate. These documents can be provided by Veterinary Control or veterinary clinics authorized to issue such documents. As a rule, the animal must undergo a full examination and clinical examination with the necessary vaccinations.

The interior of the zoo should be designed so that the animals cannot leave their place or enclosure, and visitors have unhindered access to the pets. In the local authorities of the Federal Tax Service and the SES, you can clarify the list of necessary documents for opening a contact zoo. Since the form of such a business at the place of work falls under the rules and requirements of local governments.

The truth and peculiarities of opening a petting zoo in Russia

When visiting petting zoos, you might have noticed that in such establishments, as a rule, young growth- puppies, kittens, chickens and the like. Have you wondered why? Where are the adults?

A close encounter between an animal and a stranger is stressful for both. But, the meeting is not always negative. Even guarding the territory, the animal first warns and tries to scare off the enemy. In other cases, a living being, obeying instincts, tends to run away and hide. Only the rabid animal usually attacks first.

representatives cubs wildlife deprived of such an instinct, they are not yet able and do not know how to defend themselves. This is what the owners of touching zoos use. Young animals used in business are a guarantee of non-aggressiveness of animals, therefore, increased safety of visitors. And let's be honest - small animals are so cute!

The second factor responsible for the recruitment of animals in the zoo is the mortality of the latter. Animals that are constantly stressed don't live long. Refusal internal organs(heart, kidneys, liver, etc.) due to stress in animals from petting zoos, the most common occurrence. Unfortunately, the truth is, in such establishments, animals die very often. And never become an adult. This "staff turnover" is the main factor in the exceptional availability of young animals in contact zoos.

But what about domesticated animals? One owner, to which the animals are accustomed, does not cause them stress. On the contrary, they love him, wait and rejoice in his appearance. Therefore, it is one thing when a four-legged friend lives with one owner, and another thing when every day an animal “passes” through the hands of dozens of different children and adults. Perhaps some (we are talking about people) may be more aggressive than representatives of the fauna.

Many owners of such establishments forget that ward animals are not toys. They, like all living individuals, want to walk, sleep, eat, be alone when they need it. Also, no petting zoo respects the natural cycles of animals. This is a loss of money if you give a nocturnal animal (of which the majority, for example, the same cats, foxes, raccoons) sleep in a shelter during the day. In order for them to bring in money, animals must be constantly "on hand" with visitors. What guarantees stress in the "filling the zoo." Or, to put it simply, animals in "touching" zoos start to get very sick. "Touching", right? And the owners of such animals are not particularly treated. Treatment costs more than a new puppy. Why should the owner of a touching zoo spend money when he can replace the animal?

The business portal site opposes the opening of petting zoos as a business where animals are treated badly as a way of earning money, and not our smaller brothers.

This is blasphemy. For all animals, such zoos are a lifelong prison with only one outcome. the site strongly condemns all Internet sources that describe in detail the instructions for opening petting zoos as a business idea. Money doesn't smell, as the famous saying goes. But, mass abuse of animals for profit cannot be justified by any words, promises and deeds.

Detailed instructions to open contact establishments can be compared to a call for violence against animals. Take a cat, a dog, a turtle and give them to a group of people who will snuggle these animals 12 hours a day. In how many minutes will you regret and take away your pet? Key characteristic such animals - you love them, you are the owners. In petting zoos, unfortunately, the owners do not take care of the poor kids. Zoo owners see only profit moving on their paws, but not living creatures. Let's be honest, the zoo has owners, the animals they keep don't!

Animal law in Russia

To the general delight of animal lovers in Russian Federation Federal Law No. 498-FZ of December 27, 2018 “On Responsible Treatment of Animals and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation” came into force, prohibiting the direct operation of contact zoos and mobile dolphinariums.

Deputy Chairman of the Committee for Ecology and Protection environment Vladimir Panov believes that such establishments are not humane, and the maintenance of animals is unfavorable for the latter.

Vladimir Panov oversaw the finalization of the draft law on the responsible treatment of animals. The parliamentarian noted that inhumane communication between a person and an animal is carried out in petting zoos. A person is commercially granted the right to physical contact with a pet, but the animal is not given the right to avoid this contact if he does not want to. From which animals experience severe stress and die prematurely.

There has been a debate in society about the need to adopt such a law for a relatively long time. In autumn 2016 the President of Russia Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, an ardent defender and lover of animals, pointed out the importance of adopting such a law and gave appropriate instructions to the Government of the Russian Federation. After long discussions and decisions, this federal law No. 498-FZ was adopted.

The editors of the portal site advocate the adoption of such a legislative act. Petting zoos where animals are oppressed have no place in modern society. If you want to pet an animal and feed it. Get yourself a kitten, puppy, turtle, parrot. You don't have to pay for them! In any free classified newspaper, there are many suggestions that animals are given away for free. Please do not miss the opportunity to make yourself a true friend.

December 18, 2018 of the year deputies of the State Duma of the Russian Federation in second main reading adopted a bill on the responsible treatment of animals. Head of the relevant committee of the State Duma on ecology and environmental protection Vladimir Burmatov noted that the bill establishes a complete ban on the killing of animals, as well as keeping them in bars, restaurants and petting zoos.

The site reminds especially ardent "defenders" of business at petting zoos of the most resonant tragedy of 2018 - a fire in the Winter Cherry shopping center (Kemerovo, Russia). On that day, over 200 animals burned down in the local petting zoo located in the shopping center.

December 19, 2018 the law was fully adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation. Approved by the Federation Council December 21, 2018. On December 27, 2018, after the approval and signing of the law by the President of the Russian Federation, the law on the responsible treatment of animals came into force.

Touching zoos under the Animal Law

According to the Federal Law of December 27, 2018 N 498-FZ, if animals are used for cultural and entertainment purposes, then the possibility of their physical contact with visitors is excluded. In the same law, there is a rule according to which, during events, animals must have shelters that are inaccessible to visitors, where the animal can hide. That is, the work of a petting zoo is possible if all the conditions for comfortable living are organized for animals - cozy houses where they can live and sleep without contact with people.

Formally, in Russia, the work of touching zoos on the square of shopping and entertainment centers not prohibited. Article 15 paragraph 4 prohibits direct contact of visitors with animals if this is the sole purpose of the event, but paragraph 5 of the same article stipulates partial permission for interaction under a number of conditions. It is also worth paying attention to the clause that allows showing animals strictly at their place of residence, which imposes a ban on, for example, outdoor events and other movements of animals. Each animal must be registered with the appropriate veterinary services of the city at the place of detention and displayed only there - at the address of the contact zoo.

Also, according to the new federal law, the owner is responsible for the fate of the animal. And all animals are considered beings capable of experiencing emotions and physical suffering, they must be protected from cruel treatment. Article 13, paragraph 2 notes a ban on the use of pets in business activities, with the exception of cases established by the Government of the Russian Federation. It is also worth noting that, according to article 15, paragraph 8, the owner is obliged to ensure the maintenance of the animal until its natural death (or transfer it to someone - individuals or legal entities, or to a special shelter), even if the further use of the animal in cultural and entertainment purposes is impossible.

Activities for the maintenance and use of animals in zoos, zoos, circuses, zootheatres, dolphinariums, oceanariums are subject to licensing in accordance with the Federal Law of May 4, 2011 N 99-ФЗ “On Licensing certain types activities".

In the realities of the existence of new legislative acts of the Russian Federation, it takes some time to assess the efficiency of the law in each individual case and clarify all the subtle points. That is, owners of petting zoos should refrain from drastic actions related to their animals or closing the establishment. For now, it will be enough to bring the business into compliance with the new standards established by the federal law on animals. It is difficult to predict anything further, most likely, there will be a wave of mass closures of such establishments that do not comply with the norms of the law. But, we hope that every petting zoo owner loves his animals and tries to create for them best conditions residence, which is required of them under the new law. So this business will continue to exist.

And don't forget to watch the wonderful video from Kaspersky Lab. It's much better than a touching zoo.

Sincerely, great animal lovers and advocates
website.
Thanks to our readers for the photos!

* Calculations use average data for Russia

1.Project summary

The goal of the project is to open a petting zoo in a city with a population of more than 500,000 people to provide family entertainment services. The petting zoo will be a closed separate room with an area of ​​220 square meters. meters, which will be equipped with enclosures with various types of domestic and exotic animals that do not pose a danger to humans. Unlike classic zoos, in a petting zoo, visitors will be allowed to touch, feed and stroke the animals. In addition, due to the format, it will be possible to visit such a zoo at any time of the year. Target audience the zoo will be children of preschool and school age and their parents.

The cost of the project will be 1,660,000 rubles. Payback period - 11 months. The preparatory period will take 3 months. Reaching the planned sales volume from the moment the petting zoo starts working is 3 months.

*during peak sales months

2. Description of the industry and company

Petting zoos began to appear in Russia in 2009 and gained great popularity for just a few years. Petting zoos open one after another in various parts of Russia. Petting zoos are small format zoos (usually their area is only 200-300 square meters, the maximum possible is up to 450 square meters), where visitors are allowed to enter the enclosures, feed, pet and photograph animals. Naturally, in such menageries there is no place for predators in cages - all animals are harmless and do not pose a danger to humans. Petting zoos have gained the greatest success among residents of million-plus cities, for whom such establishments have become almost the only opportunity for close communication with wildlife. Contact zoos began to appear in large shopping centers and other crowded places. At its core, petting zoos can be attributed to the family entertainment market. Due to its format and small area, the number of visitors to a petting zoo cannot be compared with large zoos, so the price of a ticket is slightly higher than in a large zoo and can reach 300-400 rubles.

The purpose of this project is to open a petting zoo in a city with a population of over 500,000 people. It will be a 220 sq. meters with aviaries equipped inside. The zoo will be divided into two main zones, one of which will include animals that can be found on the farm, the other - rarer exotic animals of the jungle and tropics. All of them will not pose a danger to humans. 90% of the zoo is contact, that is, visitors to the zoo will be able to touch and stroke the animals, as well as feed them with special food, which can be purchased at the entrance. Another 10% of the animals can just be looked at. The target audience of the contact zoo will be children of preschool and school age(0+) and their parents. The main income of the zoo will be from the sale of entrance tickets.

Form of ownership of the contact zoo - IP. The taxation system is simplified (6% of income). The main activity code for OKVED is 92.53 "Activities of botanical gardens, zoos and reserves." The head of the contact zoo will be an individual entrepreneur. The zoo staff will be directly subordinated to him - a veterinarian, caretakers, receptionists, as well as the chief accountant.

3.Description of services

The following types of services will be provided on the territory of the contact zoo:

Individual visit to the petting zoo;

Group visit to the petting zoo;

Organization of children's holidays and events.

The average check of a petting zoo will be set at 250 rubles. Children under 3 years old enter free of charge. There will also be discounts for some other categories of the population. A detailed list of services is given in Table. one.

Table 1. List of services

	Name	Description		Cost, rub.
	Adult ticket		Visiting the petting zoo by a visitor from 14 years old
	Child ticket		Visiting a petting zoo by a visitor from 3 to 14 years old
	Children under 3 years old		Visiting the petting zoo for visitors under 3 years old (accompanied by adults)	for free
	Group visit + excursion		Visiting a petting zoo by an organized group of 10 or more people (kindergartens, schools, clubs, etc.)
	Birthdays		Visit to the petting zoo on your birthday + 2 days (upon presentation of a supporting document)	for free
	pensioners		Visiting the petting zoo by a pensioner (upon presentation of a pension)
	Children's holiday at the petting zoo		Holding a birthday, a matinee, a themed holiday with the participation of an animator	negotiable

In addition to the above services, a trade in souvenirs and food for animals of the zoo will be organized on the territory of the touching zoo. As the zoo develops, children's quests will be included in the paid services. It is also planned to organize 2-3 free events every month, including themed evenings, animal care lectures, holidays and master classes, and more.

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All services provided by the petting zoo will be extremely safe for both visitors and the animals themselves. The pets of the zoo will be exclusively non-aggressive representatives of the fauna, namely:

Poultry (geese, ducks, chickens);

Small animals and rodents (rabbits, hedgehogs, ferrets, guinea pigs);

Large animals (goats, sheep, pigs, ponies);

Non-hazardous amphibians and reptiles (turtles, snakes, iguanas, frogs);

Insects.

All animals will undergo regular veterinary control– visitors will be able to see extracts from animal veterinary passports. For animals, only high-quality feed will be purchased. The safety of pets and visitors will be monitored by caretakers who will instruct visitors. There will be a system of fines for causing injuries to animals.

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Particular attention will be paid to maintaining the cleanliness of the premises. Wet and dry cleaning will be carried out daily. Once a week, a "bath day" for pets will be organized, once a month - disinfection and deratization with washing the floors with disinfectants. The zoo will be equipped with a climate-controlled ventilation system. Before visiting the animals, visitors will be required to remove outer clothing, put on shoe covers and wash their hands. An agreement on the removal of biological waste will also be signed.

4.Sales and marketing

Basically, mini-zoos are distributed in large cities with a population of more than 500 thousand people. They can be seasonal outdoor establishments or indoor zoos. The latter are often shopping centers. Among the players there are both large federal chains that develop through the sale of franchises, as well as individual private zoos. At the beginning of 2016, there were more than 60 such zoos in 15 largest Russian cities (2GIS data). Prices for visiting mini-zoos on average vary in the range of 150-350 rubles. The entrance fee is set and can be the same for both adults and children, or vary depending on the age of the visitor. Babies under 3 years old usually get in for free. Such zoos work most often daily, from 10:00 to 20:00-22:00.

The main clients are parents with children of preschool and school age, as well as teenagers. Most petting zoos are visited by families. Parents act as “tour guides” and introduce animals to children, so any intermediary in the role of a guide is usually not required. It is worth noting that, largely due to the novelty of the format, the requirements for such establishments on the part of customers are not yet high - for many, visiting a petting zoo is a novelty. However, an analysis of the experience of operating zoos will reveal some of the main mistakes in the work of such establishments. Among them:

1. Lack of opportunity to purchase animal feed;

2. Unpleasant smell in the room;

3. Dirt, disorder in the institution;

4. Lack of control over animals and children;

5. Crowding, inability to approach the enclosures;

6. Lack of car parking.

All these errors are planned to be taken into account when organizing the work of the zoo.

At the start of the activity of the contact zoo will be held advertising company with the involvement of the city's media and holding the opening day with contests and prize draws. In addition, as a means of marketing promotion and attracting customers, the following will be used:

Zoo website promotion search engines with a conclusion to the top;

The petting zoo will be presented in social networks(“Vkontakte”, Facebook, Instagram), where zoo news will be posted. It is also planned to maintain contacts with the media - news from petting zoos about the birth of mongooses, hedgehogs and other animals regularly gets into news feeds. To increase customer loyalty, a network of events will be developed, including excursions, theme evenings, and lectures on pet care. It is planned to cooperate with the zoo with orphanages, organize meetings with animals for disabled children, children in a difficult life situation.

5.Production plan

As the location of the petting zoo, a room with a separate entrance, located in the city center, in close proximity to the main attractions and a recreation park, was chosen. For the convenience of visitors, there is free car parking near the entrance. There is a bus stop 250 meters from the petting zoo. public transport from which you can get to various parts of the city. When choosing a location, the following factors were taken into account: a large amount of daylight, the absence of a noisy neighborhood (nightclubs), the proximity of family vacation spots.

To repair and equip the premises with everything necessary, 830 thousand rubles will be required. On an area of ​​220 sq. meters there will be two main halls with enclosures, a reception area with a wardrobe, administrative and utility rooms, a bathroom. The purchase of equipment will require 650 thousand rubles. The greatest costs will fall on the arrangement of places for keeping animals. Another expensive item in the equipment column is the ventilation system. A complete list of equipment is given in Table. 2.

Table 2 Equipment Costs

	Name	price, rub.	Quantity, pcs.	Cost, rub.
	Equipment for keeping animals (aviaries, cages, aquariums, terrariums, scorches, etc.)
	Supply and exhaust system
	Lighting system and decor elements
	office equipment
	Staff rest room equipment
	Reception area
	Household appliances and accessories
	outdoor sign
	Bowls, feeders
	Other expenses

For the work of the petting zoo, you will need reception area employees who receive guests and organize the sale of tickets, food and souvenirs, and caretakers of the halls who keep order, clean the premises and feed the animals. The work schedule of the service personnel is variable. The main requirements for caretakers are love for animals, communication skills and the ability to work with people. The state will definitely need a veterinarian. His duties will include the treatment and prevention of animal diseases and the maintenance of the necessary documentation. For admission to the position, a mandatory requirement will be at least 1 year of work experience in the specialty. In Table. 3 gives the staffing and payroll. Volunteers can be recruited to help organize the work.

Table 3 staffing and payroll

At the initial stage of the zoo's operation (3-5 months), it is planned to reach a sales volume of 450-500 thousand rubles. In the future, reaching a turnover of 800-850 thousand (10-12 months). With such indicators, the initial investment will pay off in 1 year of work. AT fixed costs contact zoo will include: rent (220 thousand rubles - at the rate of 1 thousand rubles per sq. m.), wage personnel (171,600 rubles together with deductions), public utilities. Variable expenses include the purchase of feed, spending on veterinary services, purchase of new animals, advertising.

6. Organizational plan

The project to open a petting zoo will require a preparatory phase for a period of 3 months. Large time resources will require coordination with the structures (SES, State fire supervision, etc.). The petting zoo will be managed by an individual entrepreneur. His responsibilities will include personnel management, hiring, marketing promotion, cooperation with feed suppliers, organization of animal purchases, representative functions in other organizations.

7. Financial plan

Investments in the project will amount to 1,660,000 rubles. Of this amount, 830 thousand rubles. will be required for the equipment of the zoo premises, 500 thousand will be working capital, 330 thousand rubles. will go to intangible assets (registration, start-up advertising campaign, website development, other expenses). Financial indicators for costs, revenues, tax deductions, net profit are presented in Appendix 1. Calculations are made for a five-year period of work with an average check of 250 rubles.

8. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the project

The performed calculations show that the contact park opening project is efficient. The initial investment will pay off within 11 months, while the return on sales will be 15%. The main performance indicators are given in Table. 4.

Table 4. Project performance indicators

*during peak sales months

9.Risks and warranties

The novelty of the format and the conditions of modern urban life contribute to the success of this business. Often, children are deprived of the opportunity to be in nature and have direct contact with it, and the formats of large zoos do not allow close communication with animals. One of the main risks of this business is a gap in Russian legislation that does not regulate such activities in any way. In particular, enclosed spaces raise questions (especially if we are talking about shopping malls). The conditions for keeping them can be grossly violated: pets are kept in too small a territory, they receive irregular meals and often do not have the opportunity to hide from people at will. In addition, there are no clear requirements for the qualifications of personnel. All this causes dissatisfaction with animal rights activists, which is also expressed in doubts about the ethics of free business and are actively seeking to ban such establishments. Nevertheless, today a certain industry of private zoos has already developed. According to experts, even if the new law is adopted, the activities of most private zoos will not stop, but the requirements for them may increase significantly. In the greatest risk group are exotic animals that require special care and maintenance, in the least - unpretentious animals - pets - dogs, cats, piglets, rodents, etc. In Table. 5, an assessment of the risks of the project and measures to prevent them were carried out.

Table 5. Assessment of project risks and measures to prevent their occurrence or their consequences

	Risk	Probability of occurrence	The severity of the consequences	Prevention measures
	Introduction into the legislation on the regulation of the activities of contact zoos			Bringing the activities of the zoo in accordance with the law, focusing on the maintenance of unpretentious animals
	Injury to an animal by a visitor			Oral and written instructions on the rules of behavior with animals, control of visitors, a system of fines for causing injuries to animals
	Penalties of inspection bodies			Compliance with the rules for keeping animals, veterinary control, preventing animals from being kept in one enclosure various kinds, feeding with proven feeds
	The sharp deterioration of the situation in the country, the fall in the solvency of the population			Stimulation of demand by loyalty programs, revision pricing policy, cost reduction, introduction of additional services

10.Applications

APPENDIX 1

Main financial indicators project in a five-year perspective

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An individual entrepreneur decided to organize a mini-nursery (zoo), the entrance to which is planned to be paid by tickets or receipts. What taxation system should an individual entrepreneur be on in order not to install an online cash desk, but to issue tickets or receipts to zoo visitors? Are there any requirements for the mandatory details of the document confirming the payment for entry to the zoo? What actions need to be taken and what documents need to be prepared by an individual entrepreneur so that visitors can be launched with tickets?

Apply cash register equipment on the territory of the Russian Federation, all organizations and individual entrepreneurs are obliged when they make settlements, with the exception of cases established by N 54-FZ ( federal law dated May 22, 2003 N 54-FZ (hereinafter - Law N 54-FZ)).
At the same time, N 54-FZ clearly defines the circle of persons who are allowed not to use CCP. And such an opportunity does not depend on the taxation system, but on the specifics of the activity or the location of the person (Law N 54-FZ, the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated February 20, 2017 N 03-11-11 / 9772).
Certain categories of persons have been granted a delay in the transition to online cash registers. These include:
- individual entrepreneurs applying the patent system of taxation;
- UTII payers;
- organizations and individual entrepreneurs whose duties did not include the use of cash registers until 07/15/2016;
- organizations and individual entrepreneurs performing work, providing services to the population (Law N 290-FZ).
These persons may not use online cash registers until 07/01/2018. Instead, they must issue, at the request of the buyer, a BSO, sales receipt or receipt. After the specified date, a single procedure for the use of online cash desks will apply to everyone.
From 07/01/2018 the ability to use the form for calculations strict accountability(BSO) will remain only with organizations and individual entrepreneurs providing services (Law N 54-FZ). At the same time, N 54-FZ refers to the provision of any services (Federal tax service dated 07.03.2014 N ED-4-2 / [email protected]).
In the situation under consideration, an individual entrepreneur organizes a contact mini-zoo (OKVED 91.04 - zoo services). Thus, when carrying out this type of activity, an individual entrepreneur, in our opinion, has the right to use strict reporting forms both before 07/01/2018 and after this date, regardless of the chosen taxation system upon registration.
At the same time, the choice of a system can only be made between the general taxation regime and the simplified tax system, since, by virtue of the law, the chosen type of activity does not imply the possibility of using UTII or PSN.
Regarding the requirements for the mandatory details of the document confirming the payment for the entrance to the zoo, we inform you the following.
At present, the order of the Ministry of Culture of Russia dated December 17, 2008 N 257 (hereinafter - Order N 257) is in force, which approved the forms of strict reporting forms "Ticket", "Subscription". These forms should be used by all theater and entertainment enterprises, concert organizations, philharmonic groups, circus enterprises, zoos, museums, parks (gardens) of culture and recreation, etc.) (clause 1 of Order N 257).
At the same time, until 07/01/2018, a strict reporting form can be made in a printing house or generated using automated systems. In the latter case, in order to simultaneously fill out the document form and issue it, the following requirements must be met (clause 11 of Regulation N 359):
a) the automated system must be protected from unauthorized access, identify, record and save all operations with the document form for at least 5 years;
b) when filling out the form of the document and issuing the document by an automated system, the unique number and series of its form are stored.
A simple computer cannot be used to generate strict reporting forms (Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 03.02.2009 N 03-01-15 / 1-43, dated 07.11.2008 N, clause 3 of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 09/10/2012 N AS-4-2 / [email protected]). It is unlawful to produce a strict reporting document equated to a cash receipt on a computer and a printer without contacting a printing house
Conformity automated system, which forms strict reporting forms, the requirements of Regulation N 359 must be confirmed technical documentation on the formation, filling and printing of forms of strict accountability, equated to cash receipts(Clause 1, Article 4.7 of Law N 54-FZ.

Prepared answer:
Legal Consulting Service Expert GARANT
Member of the Chamber of Tax Advisers Elena Titova

Answer passed quality control

The material was prepared on the basis of an individual written consultation provided as part of the Legal Consulting service.

In this material:

Many people, especially children, love animals, so entrepreneurs are thinking about how to open a zoo. A petting zoo business plan will help in this difficult and interesting business. Some experts consider this business unprofitable, but with the right approach to organizing it, you can get a good income.

Choosing a place to accommodate animals

The main criterion for choosing a place for a zoo is the availability of access roads and parking. The place should be located near public transport stops, and it is not necessary that the entrance to the zoo go directly to the stop. In any case, customers should not walk more than 300 meters. If you do not take this point into account, then you risk losing a significant part of the profit. It is very good if the zoo is located in the city park of culture and recreation. Before opening an organization, do not forget to equip a car park, paid parking can be a way to earn extra money. However, at first it is better to refuse this idea, this may adversely affect the attendance of your institution.

The basis for the success of your business is the variety of animals on display. Some zoo owners do not pay due attention to the stage of selection of animals. Even when opening a small establishment, you need to think about the range of animals. Most zoos show a standard list: horses, lions, deer, camels, foxes and eagles. Some owners don't try to impress their customers.

Main task proper management business is the acquisition of animals that can become calling card your zoo. If your establishment has at least a few rare animals, attendance will increase many times over. Everyone wants to look at the rare representatives of the fauna. The purchase of such animals will have to spend a significant amount of money. If you want to attract maximum attention to the institution, you will have to invest a lot of money. If your zoo is designed for residents of your city and nearby villages, you can get by with the purchase of a standard assortment of animals.

In a large city, you can open a so-called rural zoo. City dwellers have little knowledge of farm animals, so pigs, cows, sheep, and rabbits will become exotic to them. Caring for such pets is much easier than, for example, lions and tigers, because they are adapted to life in our climate.

Where to buy animals?

The easiest way to buy animals in another zoo. After certain period your animals will begin to bear offspring, the cubs can be exchanged for representatives of other species or sold. When opening a petting zoo, keep in mind that keeping animals is not as easy as it might seem. The main item of expenditure is feeding pets. The business plan of the zoo, first of all, should take into account these costs. Elephants are considered the most expensive in this regard, their maintenance requires at least 100 thousand rubles, walruses are not far behind - their food will cost the owner of the zoo 90 thousand. Small herbivores and birds are considered the most economical.

Many petting zoos provide guardianship of the animal. The visitor addresses the owner and expresses a desire to keep the animal on his own. The owner gives him this opportunity. This does not mean that the person himself will be engaged in cleaning and feeding, he can sponsor these actions. Before opening a zoo, be sure to consider this option. Perhaps you will find people who want to take care of the animal while living in the zoo. Announcements with a similar offer can be placed in the media.

Animals are the main source of income for the petting zoo. To increase profits, in addition to observing their lives, visitors can be offered paid tours, organize circus performances with animals, sell souvenir products. Allow photography at the zoo: this will increase the flow of customers. You can provide the opportunity to feed non-dangerous species of animals by selling food on the territory of the zoo. Additional income can be obtained with the help of a cafe operating at your institution.

Will the business be profitable?

In order for the petting zoo to bring the desired profit, it is necessary to correctly think over the business plan. Minimum start-up capital required to open such an institution - 300 thousand rubles. You can start with a small assortment of fauna representatives, gradually expanding it. In addition to animals, you will need to purchase enclosures and equipment. The cost of renting a site will depend on its location. You also need to think about finding employees. Even a small establishment will require a guide, administrator, veterinarian, cleaners and animators. The largest number of visitors is observed in the summer, while in winter some animals hibernate.

Bet on the purchase of animals that can bring additional profit. You can sell ostrich eggs, lapin, sheep wool. In a petting zoo, the number of animals that can safely contact a person should prevail. It is very profitable to buy horses: riding delights children.

Such a business is not without its shortcomings.

Before opening a petting zoo, you will have to obtain a large number of permits.

First, the business must be registered with tax office secondly, you will need to obtain permission from local authorities. All animals must be examined by a veterinarian and vaccinated. With the right approach to organizing a business, its profitability can be quite high. If you conduct an advertising campaign correctly, draw up a work schedule, set adequate prices, your business will be successful.

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