Reservoir pressure maintenance operator work. Reservoir pressure maintenance (RPM) on oil deposits

(Name)

(Name)

Assignment to types of economic activity:

II. Description labor functions included in the professional standard (functional map of the type of professional activity)

Generalized labor functions			Labor functions
	Name	skill level	Name		(sublevel) qualifications
	Maintenance of reservoir pressure maintenance system equipment		Operation of instrumentation of reservoir pressure maintenance system
			Maintenance of reservoir pressure maintenance system equipment
			Preparation for underground workover of reservoir pressure maintenance system wells
	technological process of reservoir pressure maintenance in all methods of oil, gas and gas condensate production		Maintenance of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, pipelines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
			Managing the work of lower-skilled reservoir pressure maintenance operators

III. Characteristics of generalized labor functions

3.1. Generalized labor function

	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code

educational requirements and learning	Main programs vocational training- professional training programs for the professions of workers, retraining programs for workers, advanced training programs for workers with the issuance of a certificate (certificate) "Reservoir pressure maintenance operator"
Experience Requirements practical work
	in the manner prescribed by law Russian Federation*(3) The minimum age for employment is 18*(4)
Other characteristics

additional characteristics

Title of the document		Name of the base group, position (profession) or specialty
		Miners and workers of other professions in the extraction of minerals by underground and open methods
		Well and well drillers and related professions
		Reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 3rd category
		Reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 4th category

3.1.1. Labor function

	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number professional standard

labor activities	Checking the health of devices according to appearance and integrity of seals (if any)
	Preparation of instruments before measuring the parameters of the technological process of maintaining reservoir pressure
	Registration of instrument readings and transmission of measurement results to the central engineering and technological service (CITS)
	Accounting for the timing of verification of instrumentation and making entries in the registration log
Required Skills	Assess the technical condition of devices
	Select instrumentation
	Perform installation and dismantling of instrumentation
	Take readings of control and measuring devices and an electrical equipment control station included in the reservoir pressure maintenance system
Required knowledge	The device and principle of operation of instrumentation of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Instructions for taking measurements with instrumentation in the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Rules for maintaining documentation on recording the technical condition of equipment by measuring the parameters of the technological process of maintaining reservoir pressure
	Specifications equipment (fittings, pressure gauges, lubricators, comb block, gate valves, conduits, flow meters)
Other characteristics

3.1.2. Labor function

The origin of the labor function	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number of professional standard

labor activities	Checking the serviceability of the equipment of the formation pressure maintenance system
	Repair together with repair services of wellhead equipment injection wells, water distribution combs
	Installation, change and revision of fittings to control the flow of the working agent into the well
	Localization and liquidation of accidents and incidents on linear main water pipelines together with emergency services
	Monitoring the material and technical condition of the field site assigned to the reservoir pressure maintenance operator
	Sampling in the low pressure injection lines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Transfer of samples to the chemical analysis laboratory
	Work with special equipment: installation and dismantling of quick-detachable connections of pressure pipelines
	Treatment of injection wells and pressure pipelines using special equipment
	Maintaining drainage tanks in working condition
Required Skills
	Perform installation and dismantling of fittings
	Regulate the supply and pressure of the injected agent using a fitting
	Maintain technical and registration documentation
	Prepare containers for sampling in the low pressure injection lines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Close, open the valve of the reservoir pressure maintenance system in case of an incident, accident
	Perform installation, dismantling of quick couplings of pressure pipelines of special equipment
	Process injection wells and pressure pipelines using special equipment
Required knowledge
	Schemes for connecting water conduits of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Sampling Methods in Low Pressure Injection Lines of a Reservoir Pressure Maintenance System
	Methods for transporting samples of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Technological mode of operation of wells of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Labor protection, industrial and environmental safety requirements
	Methods for adjusting the supply and pressure of the injected agent
	Purpose, device and rules of operation of special equipment
	Treatment methods for injection wells and pressure pipelines
	Norms and requirements of industrial and fire safety, labor protection and environmental safety
Other characteristics

3.1.3. Labor function

The origin of the labor function	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number of professional standard

labor activities	Wellhead pad preparation for installation of a lifting unit for underground well workover
	Disconnecting the well from the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Partial dismantling, installation of well elements
	Commissioning to include the well in the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Registration of labor actions and transfer of results to CITS
Required Skills	Select specialized devices for preparing for underground workover of a well of a reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Select tools for installation, dismantling of well elements
	Disconnect the well from the water line high pressure
	Release pressure into the atmosphere using specialized devices
	Close, open the well valves to disconnect, connect to the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Maintain registration documentation
Required knowledge	Purpose and principle of operation of equipment for workover of a well of a reservoir pressure maintenance system
	rules technical operation well workover equipment reservoir pressure maintenance systems
	Technology of repair of well equipment of reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Reservoir pressure maintenance system regulations
	Purpose, principle of operation of tools and specialized devices for repairing a well of a reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Technological regulations for carrying out repair work reservoir pressure maintenance wells
	Norms and requirements of industrial and fire safety, labor protection and environmental safety
Other characteristics

3.2. Generalized labor function

Origin of the generalized labor function	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number of professional standard

Education and training requirements	The average professional education- training programs for skilled workers Vocational training - vocational training programs for the professions of workers, retraining programs for workers, advanced training programs for workers with the issuance of a certificate (certificate) "Reservoir pressure maintenance operator"
Practical work experience requirements	At least one year
Special conditions for admission to work	Passing mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic medical examinations(examinations), as well as extraordinary medical examinations (examinations) in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation The minimum age for employment is 18 years
Other characteristics

additional characteristics

Name document		Name of the base group, positions (professions) or specialties
		Miners and workers of other professions in the extraction of minerals by underground and open methods
		Well and well drillers and related professions
		Reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category
		Reservoir pressure maintenance and well chemical treatment operator
		Drilling oil and gas wells

3.2.1. Labor function

The origin of the labor function	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number of professional standard

labor activities	Checking the serviceability of the equipment of the formation pressure maintenance system
	Checking the state of corrosion protection of pipelines in accordance with the technological regulations
	Preparation of proposals for filing applications for the repair or replacement of faulty equipment of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Carry out pressure measurements at the manifold, at the wellhead and in pipeline system formation pressure maintenance
	Measuring the injectivity of an injection well
	Regulation of the injection of agents into the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Control of the operation mode of injection wells and switchgears in accordance with the technological regulations
Required Skills	Identify faults in reservoir pressure maintenance system equipment
	Determine the corrosive state of pipelines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Select operating modes of land-based field equipment
	Produce Maintenance ground field equipment for injection wells
	Take samples from injection wells and conduits
	Prepare relevant technical documentation
	Keep records of the accumulated injection of the working agent into the injection well
	Ensure the operable state of shut-off valves at the wellhead and manifold branch pipe of the injection well
Required knowledge	Injection Well Development Methods
	Reservoir pressure maintenance methods
	Purpose, device and operating rules of the reservoir pressure maintenance system equipment
	Rules for Sampling in the Low Pressure Injection Lines of the Reservoir Pressure Maintenance System
	Basic requirements for the quality of the working agent injected into the reservoirs (water, gas and air)
	Diagrams for connecting pipelines and water conduits of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Rules for issuing registration documentation for a reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Rules for the operation of field pipelines
	Regulatory requirements for materials, design and construction technology of field pipelines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system
	Norms and requirements of industrial and fire safety, labor protection and environmental safety
Other characteristics

3.2.2. Labor function

The origin of the labor function	Original		Borrowed from the original
					Original code	Registration number of professional standard

labor activities		Planning and coordination of the work of lower-skilled operators, taking into account the current tasks of maintaining the technological process of maintaining reservoir pressure and according to production needs
		Monitoring the fulfillment of the set production tasks by reservoir pressure maintenance operators
		Show safe practices while doing technological operations reservoir pressure maintenance
		Development of actions under the plan for the elimination of complications and accidents
Required Skills		Arrange operators at workplaces in accordance with production conditions
		Formulate production tasks taking into account the production situation and work plans
		Act as a mentor in the implementation of liquidation actions emergencies and application individual means protection
Required knowledge	Functions and job responsibilities of reservoir pressure maintenance system operators
	Fundamentals of operational leadership in a team
	Fundamentals of organizing effective interaction and business communications in a collective
	Norms and requirements of industrial and fire safety, labor protection and environmental safety
Other characteristics			Non-profit partnership "Development of innovations in the fuel and energy complex" National Institute oil and gas", city of Moscow
	OAO "LUKOIL", Moscow
	OAO NK Rosneft, Moscow
	OJSC "Ritek", Moscow
	JSC "Saratovneftegaz", city of Saratov
	JSC ANK "Bashneft", Moscow
	OAO NK "RussNeft", Moscow
	LLC "LUKOIL-Western Siberia", the city of Kogalym, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug
	LLC "LUKOIL-Kaliningradmorneft", city of Kaliningrad
	LLC "LUKOIL-Komi", Usinsk, Komi Republic
	LLC "LUKOIL-Nizhnevolzhskneft", Astrakhan
	FGBOU VPO "Russian State University oil and gas named after I.M. Gubkina, Moscow

IA site.

1.1. circuit diagram RPM systems

The PPD system is a complex technological equipment necessary for the preparation, transportation, injection of a working agent into the reservoir of an oil field in order to maintain reservoir pressure and achieve maximum oil recovery rates from the reservoir.

The PPD system should provide:

The required volumes of water injection into the reservoir and its injection pressure for wells, development facilities and the field as a whole in accordance with the design documents;

Preparation of injected water to conditions (in terms of composition, physical and chemical properties, content of mechanical impurities, oxygen, microorganisms) that meet the requirements of design documents;

Carrying out water quality control of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, measuring the injectivity of wells, accounting for water injection both for each well and for groups, reservoirs and development objects and the field as a whole;

Tightness and reliability of operation of the system of field conduits, the use of a closed cycle of water treatment and waterflooding using Wastewater;

Possibility of changing the modes of water injection into wells, carrying out BHT of injection wells in order to increase reservoir injectivity, coverage of reservoirs by flooding, regulation of the process of oil displacement to the bottoms of production wells.

The RPM system includes the following technological units (see Fig. 10.1)

System of injection wells;

System of pipelines and distribution blocks (VRB);

Agent injection stations (BKNS), as well as equipment for preparing the agent for injection into the reservoir.

Fig.1.1.1. Schematic diagram of the PPD system

1.2. PPD piping system

The pipelines of the reservoir pressure maintenance system include:

Injection lines (pipeline from VRB to wellhead);

Low pressure water conduits (pressure up to 2 MPa);

High-pressure water lines (in high-pressure water lines, water is injected by pumping units);

On-site conduits (water conduits of site facilities).

The transported product of pipelines is an aggressive mixture of waters containing: mechanical impurities, sulfur, calcite and other harmful substances.

Technologies for the collection and transport of products

Water is supplied to block cluster pumping stations (BCPS) from several sources:

Formation water is supplied through low-pressure conduits (UPSV and TsPPN (TsPS));

Low-pressure conduits supply water from water wells;

Fresh water is supplied from open reservoirs through low-pressure conduits.

Fig.1.2.1. Ring (a) and beam (b) water distribution systems 1 water treatment plant; 2 main conduit; 3 high pressure conduit; 4 injection line; 5 well; 6 injection wells; 7 supply conduits; 8 underground clean water tanks; 9 cluster pumping station; 10 jumper

From the BKNS, the working agent (water) is supplied through water distribution blocks (WRD) through high-pressure conduits and injection lines of wells for injection into the reservoir in order to maintain reservoir pressure.

Main technological parameters

The design of field pipelines (diameter, wall thickness), the method of laying them, the material for their manufacture are determined design organization and provide:

Safe and reliable operation;

Commercial collection and transport of water from the RPM system to injection wells;

Production of installation and repair work;

Ability to supervise technical condition conduits;

Protection against corrosion, lightning and static electricity;

Prevention of the formation of hydrate and other plugs.

Table 1.2.1

Working pressure in pipelines of the RPM system

1.3. pressure pipes

The dimensions and weight of oil pipelines (according to GOST 3101 46) are given in Table. 1.3.1. Oil pipelines are tested for hydraulic pressure not exceeding 40 MPa, calculated by the formula

P \u003d 20 δ ơ / d (1.3.1)

where P is the hydraulic pressure in MPa; δ minimum wall thickness in mm; ơ allowable stress, taken equal to 35% of the tensile strength, in kg / mm 2; d inner diameter of the pipe, in mm.

Graphite lubricants for threaded pipe joints

Used to lubricate threaded pipe connections. graphite lubricants the following compositions:

1) 5 mass parts of machine oil, 1 mass part of graphite powder (the mixture is thoroughly stirred to a greasy state);

2) 50 ... 60% graphite powder, 5% technical fat, 1.5% caustic soda with a strength of 32 degrees Be, 33.5 - 43.5% engine oil (all components are taken as a percentage of the total mass);

3) 24% grease, 36% graphite, 8% milk of lime, 2% rosin (all components are taken as a percentage of the total mass).

Table 1.3.1

Dimensions and weight of oil pipelines

1.4. Pumping stations and installations for water injection

For pumping water, pumping stations and installations are used, based mainly on centrifugal piston pumping units (Fig. 1.4.1).

Fig.1.4.1 Installation of a submersible centrifugal electric pump a for formation water supply: 1 submersible electric motor; 2 - submersible pump; 3 - wellhead equipment; 4 - power cable; 5 - complex equipment; 6 - transformer; b - for pumping water: 1 - pit; 2 - distributing conduit; 3 - electric pump submersible apparatus; 4 - instrumentation; 5 - injection conduit; 6 - complex device; 7 - transformer

Up to several dozen injection wells are connected to pumping stations, called cluster pumping stations (CPS). The greatest development was received by cluster pumping stations of block design. There are block cluster pumping stations (BKNS) based on centrifugal pumps 1 2 3 5 6 4 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b CNS-180 and CNS-500. The composition of the BKNS depending on the number of pumps is given in Table 1.4.1.

Description of the design and principle of operation of the BKNS

The pump unit includes as main elements centrifugal multistage sectional pumps of the TsNS-180 or TsNS-500 type, the main indicators of which, depending on the number of stages, are given in Table 1.4.1. The pumping unit includes an electric drive of the pump (synchronous type of the STD series with static excitation or asynchronous type of the APM series), an oil installation for the pumping unit, an axial fan with an electric drive, a local control post with an emergency stop button, an instrument stand, shut-off and control valves of the pumping unit, technological pipelines.

On the typical technological scheme of the BKNS (Fig. 1.4.2), the numbers indicate: 1, 2, 7 - transformer cabinets, respectively, cable entries and drainage pump control; 3 - control station; 4 - low-voltage switchgear; 5, 6 - instrument and general station boards; 8, 13, 23 - pumps 1STsV, TsNSK and TsNS180; 9, 11, 21 - valves, respectively: check, lift and check; 10, 19, 26, 28 - valves, respectively: shut-off, solenoid, control, angle; 12, 14, 16, 17, 20 - gate valves ZKL and electric; 15 - filter; 18 - oil cooler; 22 - oil tank; 24 - gear clutch; 25 - electric motor; 27 - diaphragm; I - pumping units; II - block of drainage pumps; III - block of low-voltage equipment and control; IV - block of pressure manifolds; V - switchgear RU-6(10) kV; VI - transformer complete substation KTPN 66-160/6KK; VII - wastewater tank.

The BKNS includes two types of pumping units: NB-1 (outer pumping unit) and NB-2 - middle. Block NB-1 is mandatory regardless of the number of pumping units in the BKNS. The difference between these blocks is in the execution of their shelter.

The intake line of the pumping unit is equipped with a strainer and a manual valve type ZKL2, the discharge line is equipped with a check valve and an electric valve type B-403.

The pressure manifold block (BG), designed to account for and distribute the TJ coming from the pump through pressure pipelines, is placed in a separate all-metal box at a distance of at least 10 m from the other blocks. Includes distribution manifold, backwash manifold, control station, flow meter with orifice, shut-off valve, fan, maintenance platform, electric furnace.

Rice. 1.4.2 - Typical technological scheme of BKNS

A promising direction is the use of hydraulic modular pumps with “absolute” flow control.

Electric wire and cables are laid in metal boxes, steel pipes, flexible metal hoses. In the BA, electrical wires (tightened into bundles) and cables are laid in trays under the flooring, access to which is through hatches.

The station works as follows. Process water is supplied through the suction pipeline to the inlet of the centrifugal pump TsNS-180. From the pump, through a pressure pipeline, water is supplied to the BG, where it is distributed to eight, five or four water pressure conduits (depending on the type of BG) and then fed to injection wells.

There is a special collector for the discharge of water from the conduits during the repair of the BG. Pump units with pumps TsNS 180-1900 and TsNS 180-1422 are equipped with individual oil systems that provide forced oil supply for lubrication and cooling of the pump and motor bearings.

The water cooling system provides:

Oil cooling during forced lubrication of bearings of the NB pumping unit;

Cooling of ND bearings with pump TsNS-1050;

Supply of water for cooling and locking the glands of the end seals of the TsNS-180 pumps in the event of a pressure drop in the suction pipe of the pump to 0.1 MPa, as well as cooling of electric motors with SCW.

Waste water is periodically pumped from the reservoir by the main pumps BD TsNSK-60/254 to the inlet of the TsNS-180 pumps.

The BA is equipped with equipment that provides start-up, control of the main parameters and operation of the station, power distribution equipment, engine control panels, heating and drainage pumps. Measurement, recording of pressure and water flow. entering the injection wells is produced by flow meters located on each BG conduit.

As the main option, we will consider a pumping unit with forced lubrication of the bearings of the pumping unit ON (the pressure at the buyout of the pumps is above 10 MPa).

The NB has:

Pumping unit ON, consisting of a pump type TsNS-180 and an electric motor;

Oil installation and pipelines of the lubrication system with fittings;

Pipelines and fittings for process water;

Pipelines and fittings of the cooling system;

Pipelines for backwater and cooling of pump stuffing boxes;

Drainage pipelines;

Push-button control post for oil plant,

Push-button control post for electric gate valve;

Box and pipes of electrical wiring,

Danger button;

Manometer column;

The installed equipment is mounted and fixed on the sledges and enclosing structures of the unit.

The centrifugal sectional pump TsNS-180 has a rated capacity of 180 m 3 / h at a design (nominal) pressure at the pump outlet. It is allowed to change the water flow from 50 to 180 m 3 /h at a water density equal to 1000-1001 kg/m 3 .

To protect the flowing part of the pump from large mechanical impurities, a strainer is installed in the suction pipe.

Two types of electric motors are used to drive the pump - synchronous and asynchronous. Cooling of air in engines with CCW is carried out by fresh water. In motors with RCV, the stator windings are cooled by air from the engine room.

Oil system ON consists of an oil tank with a capacity of 0.6 m 3 , a gear oil pump with an electric drive with a capacity of 2.1 m 3 /h and a pressure of 0.27 MPa, an oil cooler with filters and a pipeline system with shutoff valves.

A wedge gate valve of the ZKL2 type and a strainer are installed on the process water suction pipeline. A non-return valve and an electric drive valve V-407E are installed on the pressure pipeline. An air bleed valve is installed at the top of the pressure pipeline.

The pipelines of the cooling system are intended for supplying cooling water to the oil cooler and air coolers of engines with SCW. Water is supplied from the cooling system to lock and cool the end stuffing box seals of the pump when the pressure drops below 0.1 MPa in the pump inlet pipe.

When the pump operates with a pressure in the inlet pipe from 0.6 to 3.0 MPa, the stuffing boxes are unloaded and water is drained through the slotted seals of the pump into a non-pressure tank. Water is drained from the chamber of the hydraulic foot of the pump into the suction pipeline. Drainage from the end seals of the pump is made into a drainage tank installed in the DU.

Local control of technological and operational parameters of the operation of pumping units, setting of alarm sensors are carried out according to pressure gauges and readings of the ammeter of the STD type engine excitation circuit.

After starting with the "start" button from the control panel installed in the BA, the oil pump is turned on, and when the pressure at the end of the oil line reaches 0.05 ... 0.1 MPa, the main pump starts. the electric valve on the discharge line opens.After opening the valve within 60s, the pump enters the steady state operation.

In the pumping unit with a vibration isolation system for pumping units, the pumping unit with the frame is mounted on rubber-metal shock absorbers attached to the sled. Expansion joints are installed on the suction and pressure pipelines of the pump, and rubber sleeves are installed on the pipelines for supplying lubricants and stuffing boxes.

During operation of the station, due to shock absorbers and elastic compensating inserts on pipelines, vibration transmission from the pumping unit to pipelines, supporting structures, block bases and foundations is reduced, and noise transmission is also reduced.

Installed in the database:

2 pumping units with TsNSK-60/264 pumps;

Drainage tank;

2 self-priming pumps 1STsV-1.5M;

4 units of PET-4 ovens;

Protective electrical wiring boxes;

Pipelines and fittings for process water.

Pumps 1STs8-1.5M are designed for pumping water from a drainage tank into a wastewater tank. TsNSK-60/264 type pumps are used for pumping water from the sewage tank into the NB suction pipeline.

1 pump is standby. The pressure manifold block (BG) is used to distribute process water to the wells of the reservoir pressure maintenance system. Six types of pressure manifold block have been developed depending on the number of conduits and the type of water flow measurement device.

BG has:

Block of pipelines;

Flow measurement device;

Service area;

Elements of ventilation and heating,

Control cabinet;

Push-button ventilation control post.

The piping block consists of a pressure manifold with control valves, high-pressure conduits, a discharge manifold, valves and a flow measurement device. The change in the process water flow is carried out by control valves installed on the pressure manifold.

Depending on the number of conduits, the blocks of pressure manifolds are divided into 8-, 5- and 4-water conduits. 5- and 4-way pressure manifold blocks can be supplied separately from the station. According to the type of water flow measurement device, the comb blocks are supplied with: a narrowing device complete with a shield of differential pressure gauges; equipment Electron-2M; flow sensor DRK 1-100-50-5.

When installing the Electron-2M equipment and the DRK 1-100-50-5 flow sensor, the primary devices are installed directly on the pressure pipelines in the BG, and the secondary devices are installed on racks in a separate instrument block (OP). To heat the unit, 3 oil-filled furnaces with a power of 2 kW each with temperature control are installed. Ventilation is carried out by taking air through an air duct located on the floor of the unit, by an axial fan type B-06-300 No. 5H1C, installed on the side panel.

Table 1.4.3 shows the technical characteristics of the four main groups of modular cluster pumping stations: BKNS¥100; BKNS¥150, BKNS¥200; BCNS¥500.

Sectional centrifugal pumps, type CNS

Pumps of the CNS type - sectional centrifugal pumps: G - for pumping water with a temperature of 45-105 ° C (oil - 2-60 ° C), M - for pumping oil, UN - for pumping oil leaks, after the numbers it is indicated Climatic performance and category of pump placement during operation in accordance with GOST 15150-69. Permissible mass fraction mechanical impurities up to 0.1% and the size of solid particles is not more than 0.1 mm. The pressure at the pump inlet when pumping water must be at least: - 0.1 MPa and 0.07-0.015 MPa when pumping oil. The maximum allowable pressure at the inlet of all types is no more than 0.3 MPa. General form centrifugal sectional pump (CNS) is shown in fig. 1.4.3.

In table. 1.4.4 shows the technical characteristics of centrifugal sectional pumps with a capacity of 38 and 60 m 3 /hour. In table. 1.4.5 shows the technical characteristics of centrifugal sectional pumps with a capacity of 105, 180 and 300 m 3 / hour.

Units CNS 300-120…540 and CNS 105-98…441 are designed for pumping flooded gas-saturated and marketable oil with a temperature of 0-45 ° C, a density of 700-1050 kg / m 3, a paraffin content of not more than 20%, mechanical impurities with a solid particle size of up to 0, 2 mm and volumetric concentration of 0.2%, water cut not more than 90%. The pressure at the inlet to the pump is 0.05-0.6 MPa.

Figure 1.4.3. - General view of the centrifugal sectional pump

Table 10.4.1

Composition of BKNS blocks

* With closed cycle ventilation.

** Not included in factory delivery.

Continuation of the table.

Technical characteristics of the central nervous system with a capacity of 30 and 60 m 3 / hour

Table 10.4. 5

Technical characteristics of the central nervous system with a capacity of 105, 180 and 300 m 3 / hour

Continuation of the table.

10.4. 5 Technical characteristics of the central nervous system with a capacity of 105, 180 and 300 m 3 / hour

10.5. Settling tanks

At the objects of collection and preparation of oil, for the purification and preparation of oilfield wastewater, Various types structures, installations and devices arranged according to different technological schemes. The main equipment of these plants and the parameters of wastewater after treatment and preparation are given in Table. 10.5.1 and 10.5.2.

Table 10.5.1

The main equipment for the treatment and preparation of oilfield wastewater

10.6. Injection well equipment

Injection well equipment includes:

Ground equipment:

Pressure fittings;

Wellhead piping.

Underground equipment:

tubing;

The wellhead of the injection well is equipped with standard fittings designed for the maximum expected pressure during injection of the working agent.

The valves are designed to seal the mouth of injection wells in the process of injecting water into the well, to perform repair work, to take measures to increase the injectivity of the formation and research work carried out without stopping the injection. The main parts of the fittings are the pipe head and the Christmas tree.

The tubing head is intended for sealing the annulus, hanging the tubing string and carrying out some technological operations, research and repair work. It consists of a cross, latches and a quick coupling.

The tree is used to pump liquid through the tubing string and consists of stem valves, a tee, side valves and a check valve.

Technical characteristics of wellhead fittings for injection wells are given in Table. 10.6.1.

Rice. 10.6.1. - Injection well design

Table 10.6.1

Technical characteristics of wellhead fittings for injection wells

The injection fittings are tied with the injection line of the well (Fig. 10.6.1).

The following requirements are imposed on the design of injection wells:

1. The injection wellhead equipment must comply with the design, the development of which must take into account the composition, physical and chemical properties of the injected agent and the maximum expected injection pressures;

2. injection wells, regardless of the physical and chemical properties of the injected agent, must be equipped with a tubing string and, if necessary, a packer device that provides protection and isolation of the production string from the impact of the injected agent on it;

3. To prevent freezing of water in the well fittings and the injection system during shutdowns, it is necessary to provide for the complete removal of water from the fittings and the working agent supply system and filling the specified equipment with an antifreeze liquid.

The principle of operation of the injection well

Water from the VRB (VRG) is supplied through the injection line of the well and the wellhead tee to the tubing, and through them enters the reservoir. The choice of parameters of the tubing of injection wells is carried out based on the conditions of mechanical strength and permissible pressure losses during the injection of TJ. The flow rate of the process fluid injected into the injection well is regulated by a fitting (5) or a flow regulator (see Fig. 10.6.2). To control the water injection process, the well fittings are equipped with high pressure valves (9 and 12).

Rice. 10.6.2 - Discharge fittings ANK 1 with well piping 1 - quick connection; 2 - valve with pressure gauge; 3 - central valve; 4 - tee; 5 - fitting; 6 - flange; 7 - piping; 8 - pipe valve; 9 - valve for measuring Ru; 10 - annular valve; 11 - secant valve; 12 - valve for measuring the working (linear)

Maintenance of injection wells

Maintenance of injection wells is carried out by operators to maintain working pressure. Injection wells are serviced daily.

When servicing injection wells, the following are controlled:

Working (linear) and wellhead pressure;

Operation of instrumentation and equipment;

Condition of valves and flange connections;

Status of protective devices;

Condition (presence) of the fitting or control device.

Repair of injection wells

The need for repair of the injection well is determined by the geological and technological services of the pressure maintenance shop based on the results of the research. The need for repair of ground equipment is determined by the foreman of the TsPPD and confirmed by the head of the workshop.

The repair of injection wells is carried out by the workover and overhaul crews. The team of underground (current) workover of wells is changing the valves, and the team overhaul carries out repair and isolation works, elimination of leaks in the production string, elimination of various kinds of accidents, commissioning of wells and work to increase the injectivity of wells. Repair of injection wells is carried out on the basis of a work plan, which indicates the type of repair, the procedure for killing the well and performing work, equipment to be lowered, etc. The well must first be prepared for repair.

Preparation of wells for workover is the responsibility of the operator to maintain reservoir pressure, and the following scope of work must be performed:

Access roads to the well are checked, if necessary, the road is backfilled;

A site is being prepared (planned) for repair team, in winter time cleared with the help of special equipment from snow. The size of the site must be at least 40x40m.

Well injection fittings are being prepared. Flange connections on injection fittings must have a complete set of fasteners, gate valves and high-pressure valves must be in good order, no leakage of the working agent through flange connections is allowed.

The secant and pipe valves of the injection fittings are closed, the pressure in the injection line of the well is released to atmospheric pressure.

Conclusion to the regime and the study of injection wells

The purpose of bringing the injection well to the mode is to bring the operating pressure and fluid flow in line with the mode parameters. The output of the well to the mode is carried out on the basis of the technological mode of operation of the injection wells, approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise.

The task of the operator to maintain reservoir pressure when bringing the well to production is to control the working pressure and the amount of injected working agent.

The output to the mode is carried out as follows:

The RPM operator daily measures the pressure and flow of the working agent. After starting the well, during the first 2-3 days at a relatively low injection pressure, a large consumption of the working agent is observed, this is due to a decrease in pressure in the bottomhole zone of the well after repair;

After stabilization of the working pressure, the well operation mode is regulated. By selecting the diameter of the choke or flow section of the control device, the working pressure and flow rate along the well are brought into line with the regime indicators.

The well is considered to be brought to the regime if 3 measurements of the flow rate of the working agent in the well during the day correspond to the regime indicators at a constant injection pressure.

During the operation of wells, downhole and surface instruments should be used to constantly monitor injectivity, injection pressure and coverage of reservoirs by waterflooding in thickness. Reservoir pressure, formation filtration parameters and well injectivity factors are determined by testing wells using methods of bottomhole pressure drop and steady test injections.

The interaction of wells and the ways of moving the injected water through the reservoir are studied by the dynamics of pressure in different sections of the reservoir, the results of studies by the method of interference testing, geophysical methods, the addition of indicators to the injected water. Evaluation of the effectiveness of measures to regulate water injection along the section is carried out using downhole flowmeters, the method of radioactive isotopes or highly sensitive thermometers.

The frequency and scope of research work in injection wells is established by the enterprise in accordance with the approved mandatory set of field geophysical and hydrodynamic studies, taking into account the requirements of the technological design document for development.

This job description has been translated automatically. Please note that automatic translation does not provide 100% accuracy, so there may be minor translation errors in the text.

Preface to job description

0.1. The document comes into force from the moment of its approval.

0.2. Document developer: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

0.3. Document approved: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

0.4. Periodic verification of this document is carried out at intervals not exceeding 3 years.

1. General Provisions

1.1. The position "Reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category" belongs to the category "Workers".

1.2. Qualifications- vocational education. Training. Work experience by profession reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 4th category - at least 1 year.

1.3. Knows and applies:
- characteristics of the field being developed, the system for influencing the oil deposit, the purpose and structure of underground and surface equipment, the piping scheme for the pumping station, switchgear, injection wells;
- types of maintenance and overhaul of injection wells;
- methods of increasing the injectivity of wells;
- development and research of injection wells;
- purpose, device, rules for the operation of automation systems, telemechanics, software devices.

1.4. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is appointed to the position and dismissed from the position by order of the organization (enterprise / institution).

1.5. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category reports directly to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

1.6. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category manages the work _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

1.7. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category during absence is replaced by a person appointed in in due course which acquires the relevant rights and is responsible for the proper performance of the duties assigned to it.

2. Description of work, tasks and job responsibilities

2.1. It serves injection wells with a working pressure of 12.5 MPa (125 kgf / sq. cm) and more and a water injection volume of more than 7200 cubic meters / day, distribution devices and water conduits.

2.2. Leads everything necessary work to restore and maintain the injectivity of injection wells.

2.3. Performs control and measurement and adjustment work at injection metering points.

2.4. Controls the operation of corrosion protection means for pipelines and well equipment.

2.5. Participates in the preparation of injection wells for capital and current repairs.

2.6. Accepts injection wells from repair, develops and puts them into operation.

2.7. Controls the operation of automation, telemechanics and instrumentation.

2.8. Controls the maintenance of the logbook and primary documentation for recording the injection of a working agent.

2.9. Manages the work of the watch.

2.10. Knows, understands and applies the current regulatory documents relating to its activities.

2.11. Knows and complies with the requirements of normative acts on labor protection and environment, complies with the norms, methods and techniques for the safe performance of work.

3. Rights

3.1. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to take actions to prevent and eliminate the occurrence of any violations or inconsistencies.

3.2. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to receive all social guarantees provided for by law.

3.3. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to demand assistance in the performance of its official duties and exercise of rights.

3.4. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to demand the creation of organizational and technical conditions necessary for the performance of official duties and the provision necessary equipment and inventory.

3.5. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to get acquainted with the draft documents relating to his activities.

3.6. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to request and receive documents, materials and information necessary for the performance of his duties and orders of the management.

3.7. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to improve his professional qualifications.

3.8. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to report all violations and inconsistencies identified in the course of its activities and make proposals for their elimination.

3.9. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category has the right to get acquainted with the documents defining the rights and obligations of the position held, the criteria for assessing the quality of performance of official duties.

4. Responsibility

4.1. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for non-fulfillment or untimely fulfillment of the duties assigned by this job description and (or) non-use of the rights granted.

4.2. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for non-compliance with the rules of internal work schedule, labor protection, safety measures, industrial sanitation and fire protection.

4.3. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for disclosing information about the organization (enterprise/institution) that is a commercial secret.

4.4. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of the requirements of internal normative documents organizations (enterprises/institutions) and legal orders of management.

4.5. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for offenses committed in the course of its activities, within the limits established by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation.

4.6. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for causing material damage to the organization (enterprise / institution) within the limits established by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation.

4.7. The reservoir pressure maintenance operator of the 5th category is responsible for misuse granted official powers, as well as their use for personal purposes.

QUALIFICATION - 3 DISTRIBUTION

SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Serve the equipment of injection wells operating at pressures up to 10 (100 kgf / cm2) and water injection volumes up to 3600 m3 / day. Perform work on draining condensate from moisture separators, monitoring the wellhead equipment of injection wells, moisture separators and participating in their repair. Monitor the good condition of the battery piping in the distribution booths. Carry out a systematic bypass of the main and working pipelines and injection wells, monitor the serviceability of their condition and participate in the repair. Participate in the installation and dismantling of pipelines. Perform sampling from injection wells and conduits. Carry out the maintenance of a rotation log of the injection of a working agent into the reservoir. * Rationally organize and maintain the workplace. Handle tools and machinery with care, use materials and energy sparingly. Comply with the requirements of labor safety, industrial sanitation, fire safety and internal regulations. Provide first aid in case of accidents.

Reservoir pressure maintenance operator MUST KNOW:

Characteristics of the developed field and methods of its exploitation. Reservoir pressure maintenance methods. Purpose and rules for the operation of equipment for main water conduits of injection wells. Basic requirements for the quality of water, gas and air injected into reservoirs. Piping connection diagram. Distribution batteries. Basic information about the design and purpose of instrumentation (flow meters, water meters, pressure gauges, etc.). *Rules of industrial safety, fire safety and fire extinguishing, instructions on safety and electrical safety rules. Modern methods organization of work and workplace. production instruction, job description and rules for using the internal labor regulations. Fundamentals of economic knowledge in the scope of the requirements provided for by the "General Provisions" of the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers. Issue 6, 2001 and subparagraph “e” of these “ General Provisions". The economic policy of the country and, features of development at the present stage, tasks for the coming years, main indicators production plan enterprises, workshops, teams. Requirements for industrial sanitation, rules for providing first aid in case of accidents.

QUALIFICATION - 4 DISTRIBUTION

Reservoir pressure maintenance operatorSHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Serve the equipment of injection wells operating at a pressure of 10 to 12.5 MPa (100-125 kgf/cm2) and a water injection volume of 3500 to 7200 m3/day. Participate in carrying out work to restore and maintain the injectivity of injection wells. Regulate the flow of the working agent into the wells. Participate in the installation, dismantling and maintenance of surface equipment of injection wells. Participate in work to establish the mode of injection wells, switchgear. Eliminate minor malfunctions in protective automation and instrumentation at distribution points. (*).

Reservoir pressure maintenance operator MUST KNOW:

Technological process of oil, gas and gas condensate production. Basic methods of investigation of injection wells. Detailed piping connection diagram. Device, purpose, maintenance rules for injection well equipment and instrumentation used. (*).

QUALIFICATION - 5 DISTRIBUTION

Reservoir pressure maintenance operator SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Serve injection wells at an operating pressure of over 12.5 MPa (125 kgf / cm2) and more and a water injection volume of over 7200 m3 / day, distribution devices and water conduits. Carry out work to restore and maintain the injectivity of injection wells. Perform control and measurement and adjustment work at injection metering points. Monitor the operation of corrosion protection equipment for pipelines and well equipment. Participate in the preparation of injection wells. To carry out the acceptance of injection wells from repair, development and putting them into operation. Control the operation of automation, telemechanics and instrumentation. To exercise control over the maintenance of a shift log and primary documentation for accounting for the injection of a working agent into the reservoir. (*).

Reservoir pressure maintenance operator MUST KNOW:

Characteristics of the developed field. The system of influence on the oil deposit. Purpose and arrangement of underground and surface equipment, piping scheme of a pumping station, switchgears, injection wells. Types of maintenance and overhaul of injection wells. Methods for increasing the injectivity of wells, development and research of injection wells. Purpose, device, rules for the operation of automation systems, telemechanics and software devices. (*)

19.02.2020 Alexander Khurshudov

Thank you, Konstantin Lyubnardovich! It also seems to me that the time has come to step aside from politics and engage in real oil business .....

02/18/2020 NIKULSHINA NATALIA DVVOVNA GEOLOGIST MOSCOW

Dear organizers, I want to remind you that this year June 21 is the anniversary of the discovery of the first industrial oil in Shaim. The discoverers are Rovnin, Ervie, Shalavin, Urusov, and others interesting people. I want to note that Salmanov has NOTHING to do with this discovery, even indirectly. My phone. 89032705910. I can send you a 1964 documentary. The way to the first oil. Sverdlovsk Film Studio. Not on the films, but you can find it on the Internet. I also have the film Chief Geologist. It was shown on UGRA TV.

02/18/2020 Sinitsa Vladislav Vladimirovich, designer and inventor

The words are beautiful and correct, but where are the deeds? Only I know how to conduct bottom seismic surveys on the shelf in a robotic way; only my design of an automated bottom rig can drill wells without people (for more details, see Aviagr LiveJournal). Hundreds of other inventions - and all of them are not in demand by VINKS, who spend money on "instructions for eating sausage" - the so-called. "digitization". But with numbers, as if with the word of God, you can’t drill a well, you can’t pump oil out, you can’t free it from water and mechanical impurities - you need IRON! Efficient, reliable and inexpensive. Words won't help matters...

02/14/2020 Radaeva Nina Eduardovna, 64 years old

I am outraged that the nets for sorting plastic have been removed. Apparently Mr. Moore is very worried about his position and is afraid to contact the owners of the plant (which is inactive). And our courts all sing in the tune of the leaders of the region.
For me personally, sorting garbage is not difficult. There was even some pride that Tyumen began to approach civilized countries.

I don't need to introduce myself on this site.
I fully agree with Oleg Aleksandrovich Anisimov.
I can only add from myself, and what other message could be expected from the director of the "CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENTS" - only this: "... there will be huge damage, and huge investments in the environment will be required ...".

12/31/2019 Goppe Lyubov Ivanovna, born in 1955

Dear Vladimir Alexandrovich, I sincerely congratulate you and your wonderful family on the New Year! Happiness to you for all the years! So appointed by fate, all doubts - down! "Rejoice in everything!" - Wise men say so. I ask you, dear Vladimir Alexandrovich, to call me as soon as possible. My phone is 8-913-800-95-98.

12/29/2019 Potseluev Alexey Valerievich, 31.

Very helpful article, thanks. Filled with meaning and worthy of attention! A very correct conclusion reflects reality.

12/28/2019 Ampilov Yury Petrovich

Field them. Dinkov "separated" from Rusanovsky, discovered 30 years ago, previously considered one. The total reserves turned out to be less than earlier in a single Rusanovskoye. Nyarmeyskoye was also a little disappointing. At least 150 were waiting here. Same with many other discoveries

12/24/2019 Potapov Viktor

The author is very cautious in his analysis of Russian reality in relation to the Paris Agreement.
There are not 4 such groups in Russia, but much more. One of the main among them is Gazprom and other oil and gas companies. Along with those listed in the article, all these groups with "open beaks" are waiting for external "carbon credits" under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, as was the case under Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol. All these groups have tasted offshore participation in the gray scheme of selling Russian emissions rights (in the absence of a law on the procedure for the circulation of these rights in Russia) for a total amount of over 2.5 billion US dollars. But if under the Kyoto Protocol Russia had the right to veto its entry into force, allowing it to be sold, then under the Paris Agreement (PS) Russia does not have such opportunities. Moreover, developing countries, including China, India, Brazil, simply will not allow Russia to make money on its participation in the PS, which is confirmed by the results of the 25th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC in Madrid.
The exception will be Gazprom and Rosenergoatom, which, by exporting their products to other countries, can earn due to the presence of carbon taxes in these countries. But it seems that the Russian budget and economy will not see these revenues, as it was with the participation of Gazprom's subsidiaries in the "carbon market" of the EU countries and other countries...