How to open a grocery store? Grocery store production plan. Choosing a Grocery Store Location

Range- this is a fairly large set, united by some common feature (raw materials, purpose, manufacturer, etc.), differing from each other in other ways. There are industrial and commercial, simple and complex, combined and mixed, expanded and enlarged assortment of goods.

Industrial range is a set of goods produced by a separate or separate company.

Trade assortment - a set of goods sold in trading network. - this is a set of all ( and ) engaged in the sale of goods. The trade assortment includes a set of goods produced by both domestic and foreign manufacturers. It is more diverse than the industrial range.

The assortment of goods presented at a trading enterprise determines its type (department store, supermarket) and form trade service. In addition, in stores of the same type, but different sales area, the assortment will differ in the number of groups and types of goods. In this case, trading enterprises will be subdivided into universal and specialized, stores with a combined and mixed assortment.

Given the complexity, a simple and complex assortment of goods is distinguished.

Those types of goods that are classified according to no more than three criteria will be simple assortment of goods(vegetables, table salt, laundry soap, etc.).

Those types of goods that are classified into varieties according to more than three characteristics, in the aggregate will be complex assortment of goods(shoes, clothes, etc.).

Enlarged assortment is determined by the ratio of individual product groups. A group of goods should be combined according to a number of criteria: method of production, purpose, design features, etc. Expanded assortment determined by the types of goods presented.

Combined range- This is a set of several groups of goods for different purposes, which are connected by a common demand and satisfy individual needs. For example, in the store Men's clothing"The combined assortment is realized.

Mixed assortment- a set of non-food and food products of various groups. A mixed assortment is represented, as a rule, by the largest number of groups and types of goods.

Main characteristics of the product range

The main indicators of the assortment are structure, completeness, depth, stability, novelty.

Assortment structure

Assortment structure- this is the percentage ratio of certain sets of products to their total number.

Assortment structure indicators are often expressed as a percentage. For example, the percentage of shirts, suits and other products determines the specific structure of the assortment in the Men's Clothing store.

Range breadth

Range breadth determined by the number commodity groups and is estimated by the latitude factor:

K sh \u003d G f / G n

• where Г f is the number of product groups at the time of determination, units; Гн is the total number of product groups, units.

Completeness of the range

Completeness of the range- this is the correspondence of the actual availability of types of goods to the developed assortment list, the existing demand.

The completeness of the assortment is expressed through the coefficient of completeness K p of the assortment, which is determined by the formula:

K p \u003d V f / V n

• where B f - the actual number of types of goods at the time of the survey (check), units; B n - the number of species provided for by the assortment list, supply contract, standards, etc., units.

Assortment depth

Assortment depth is determined by the number of varieties of goods for each item. The assortment depth coefficient is estimated by the formula:

K g \u003d R f / R n

• where R f - the actual number of varieties of goods at the time of verification, units; R n - the number of varieties provided for by the assortment list, the terms of the contract, price lists, etc., units.

Range sustainability

Sustainability(stability) characterizes the constant availability of goods of the corresponding type (variety) on sale. The stability coefficient K y is determined by the formula:

K y \u003d 1 - (P "f1 + P" f2 + ... + P "fn / P n× n)

• where P" f1, P "f2,..., P" fn - the actual number of varieties (types) of goods, from those provided by the assortment list and not available for sale at the time of individual checks, units; R n - the number of varieties (types) of goods provided by the assortment list, units; n is the number of checks.

The assortment stability coefficient is usually determined for a specific period (month, quarter, year). It has been established that the optimal assortment stability coefficient should be expressed by the following values: for department stores - 0.80; for specialized stores — 0,75.

The novelty of the range

Novelty characterizes the emergence of new varieties of goods for a certain period of time and is estimated by the coefficient of novelty To about:

K o \u003d R o / R f

• where R o - the number of new varieties of goods that appeared at the time of verification, units; Р f is the average number of varieties, units.

The coefficient of novelty characterizes the degree of renewal of the assortment, the emergence of new products.

How much and how to earn - separate questions. If you have several million dollars, it's time to open a supermarket. Experts say that the future belongs to this form of grocery retailing. However, until this future comes everywhere, people will still be shopping in nearby grocery stores and grocery stores for a very long time. With a certain resourcefulness, you can give a modest start to such a small grocery store for $10,000 and earn your daily bread. Getting ahead of your legitimate question:

A good place is half the battle. Depending on the location, the store's profit (with the same area, assortment and prices) may differ by 2-3 times.

When choosing a place, first estimate who your potential buyers are and how many of them. If you open a store in a residential area, your customers are residents of the nearest 8-10 houses. On average, each of them will bring you $0.5 per day. That is, you will have to focus on a daily profit of about $ 2,000 per day.

In a store located on a pedestrian path near a transport interchange, there will be at least twice as many customers (and, accordingly, money).

The big question: build or rent? You decide. However, the owners of a number of grocery stores interviewed by us advised that if there is a desire to build a store “from scratch” in the city and at the same time there is only a “ten” for everything about everything, it is better to overcome the construction itch right away.

Therefore, we will take the path of least resistance - the premises must be rented. When choosing a place, you need to focus on the room with total area sq.m, of which a retail area could be equipped with sq.m. So that the idea with the store does not lose its meaning even before the start, the rent, together with utility bills(heating, water supply) for such premises should not exceed $1.5 per 1 sq.m per month.

Better find it first suitable premises and then find its owners. The premises of the future store should have an emergency exit, as well as cold and hot water, heating, and sewerage.

We compared the sales of two similar stores located in places with different traffic. The areas of these stores (total - 120 sq.m., trade area - 80 sq.m.) and the assortment were almost identical. The rent is the same.

According to our calculations, a store located on the quiet outskirts of an old residential area and far from hiking trails sells products on average 3 times less than the exact same store located in a “traction” place (near a metro station, on the way for pedestrians to stops transport).

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In parallel with obtaining documents, you can repair the premises. If it is in a more or less tolerable condition, you can repair it yourself or hire covens. Repair "without fanaticism" will cost about S8-10 per 1 sq.m. Try to persuade the landlord to not pay rent during the renovation, or to deduct the cost of the renovation from the subsequent rent. Your argument in a conversation with the landlord: “If my idea with the store doesn’t work out, you get the renovated premises for nothing.”

If you are a food retailer, the first thing to do is look for a qualified hire to fill your store manager position. At first, put him on a salary. Subsequently, when the store starts to increase the profits, give him a rate and 2-2.5% of the profit.

This person must know the range of products, be able to negotiate with suppliers, be able to optimize economic activity new store.

Finding such an employee is always a risk for the founders. As far as we know, some firms that planned to enter the new food retail market for them abandoned this idea already at the stage of purchasing goods and only for the reason that the person hired for the position of director began to deceive and rob their employers.

In the case when you are confident in a hired manager, the selection of the rest of the staff will no longer be difficult. This procedure can even be entrusted to a hired manager. It is desirable that people who are hired to work for you have personal health books and undergo an appropriate medical examination. At first, the minimum staff of the store is 7-8 people.

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Do not fully trust the hired director, and even more so - the sellers. The lack of control on your part is instantly perceived as a signal for theft or, at best, for the staff to brazenly eat your own products during friendly breakfasts, lunches and dinners. If you pay the seller a decent salary and caught him "hot", such a person should be given a dishonorable and exemplary dismissal. This will be a good lesson for others.

At least 500 items of goods can be placed on the shelves of the store with a trading area of ​​80 sq.m. In order to cover the maximum of customer requests, it is desirable that the store has departments (sections, counters, showcases, racks) of gastronomy (meat products, sausages, cheeses, butter), dairy products, alcoholic beverages and cigarettes, confectionery, bread, groceries (cereals, flour, salt, sugar, spices, pasta etc.). A rack with related products - matches, soap, toilet paper, household chemicals.

Composing assortment list, it is necessary to proceed from the capabilities of the existing commercial equipment.

There are no universal recipes for compiling an assortment. The ratio in the assortment of product and price groups is the know-how of each store and the subject of an ongoing headache for management. It is unlikely that you will be able to immediately guess the optimal assortment. Resolving this issue takes time. With a constructive analysis of demand and sales, a normal merchandiser (or director, if there is no merchandiser on staff) can “feel” the specifics of the assortment in about 2-3 months.

WHERE TO LOOK FOR PRODUCT

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For the initial purchases of products $ 3-4 thousand "starting" money is more than enough. Purchases begin with working on phones and calling suppliers on ads in the price lists of business and specialized publications. You hardly have to drive. Problems with finding goods mostly end 2-3 months after the store opens. By this time commercial agents suppliers operating in your area will find you and offer their goods, usually with delivery. Therefore, it is not necessary to purchase a vehicle.

Suppliers, of course, are interested in prepayment for their goods. The director of the store is interested in the opposite - to receive goods for sale. As a rule, the higher the demand for a product, the more difficult it is to take it for sale. For suppliers, the "credit" history of the store is also important. If the store calculates correctly, they can release goods with a good deferred payment.

A small store works steadily with suppliers, and taking into account one-time purchases, a database (not necessarily a computer one) can accumulate suppliers over two years of work. Recall that for all received goods (or at least for their first batch, purchased officially), the store must have the appropriate documents - certificates, conclusions, waybills, etc.

Purchases of equipment deal, perhaps, the most painful blow to the pocket of the future owner of the grocery store. In order to maintain the minimum allowable assortment, it is necessary to purchase at least two refrigerated display cases, one or two refrigerated cabinets, one freezer cabinet, one EKKA and scales. In addition, you will have to spend money on counters and racks, cutting boards, knives. You can also buy used equipment. This will require at least $4,000. The advantage of used equipment is its low cost. Disadvantage - low reliability and lack of presentation. It is unprofitable to buy new equipment abroad for a single store. According to experts, the savings compared to buying the same equipment in Kyiv will be scanty, and there will be more trouble with installation and operation. The store managers we interviewed recommended purchasing new equipment whenever possible.

If you're lucky, you can buy almost new technology and furniture at half price. They buy this technique from their own unlucky customers, whose business, for one reason or another, covered up. Such equipment costs more than the “killed” one. But if for a gentleman's set of new equipment you need to shell out $15-17 thousand (depending on the configuration), then $7-8 thousand is already much better. Buying "used" equipment in good condition from an official supplier is an ideal option for promoting a store. Firstly, it is cheaper, and secondly, the seller will give at least some kind of guarantee and branded service. Nevertheless, you should not count on a deferred payment or require the supplier to provide equipment for leasing. Unfortunately, this service has not yet received proper distribution in the market of commercial equipment. However, there is no evil without good. Having spent a lot on your own refrigerators, you can subsequently put 3-4 more refrigerators in the store in general “on the ball”. It's about about refrigerated showcases and chest freezers supplied by manufacturers of soft drinks and ice cream. Naturally, for this they will demand sales volumes from you. But if in the summer a store sells 10 cases of beer without a refrigerator, and 40 cases with a refrigerator, this is the best argument in the dialogue with the supplier.

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If you managed to find a suitable room in a "traction" place and there are no grocery outlets within a radius of at least 500 m, consider this a gift of fate.

Still, do not despair if you suddenly see a grocery store near the premises of your dreams. Do not recklessly refuse to rent a place next to it. To get started, go into it and carefully examine everything. If this is an old "soviet" grocery store with a poor assortment and lazy saleswomen, you can safely settle down next to it. At proper organization work in six months, you will pull most of the customers of the deli to yourself. And after another year of your heroic activity, the neighboring grocery store will become unprofitable, and you will be able to enter a large specialized room on the cheap, where you will turn around in full.

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grocery store business plan

1. Brief Investment Memorandum

In Russia, food retail is considered one of the most promising and rapidly developing areas. This industry has a dynamically growing turnover and generally positive dynamics.

The degree of success of the project under consideration will correctly be assessed as high, since even despite the numerous grocery stores, a well-chosen place and the right marketing strategies allow in as soon as possible find your niche and reach a stable profit.

Food is a commodity that is always in constant demand, even in times of crisis. We can say that opening a store is a great opportunity to start your own business, because this type of business is always in steady and constant demand.

The main factors for the success of the project:

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• Wide assortment line;
• Availability of the price offer;
• Store location;
• Advertising and marketing outlet.

The amount of initial investment is rubles.

The break-even point is reached in the second month of operation.

The payback period is from 13 months.

Average net profit of rubles.

2. Description of the business, product or service

AT this business plan we are considering a small grocery store with an area of ​​​​2 in a residential area in places with high traffic. It can be in a separate building or on the ground floor of a multi-storey building.

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The food industry is very competitive. As a rule, on weekends people buy in hypermarkets. However, due to the fact that people often need to buy certain products after work, and there is simply no time for going to supermarkets, the demand for convenience stores remains high.

Before you open a store, you need to carefully consider the assortment, pricing policy, make a forecast for future sales specific groups goods. In other words, you need to calculate in advance what will be in great demand among buyers. There is no universal algorithm for compiling an assortment - almost all entrepreneurs are looking for "their product" through trial and error, conducting a thorough analysis of incoming demand and sales.

Here we present the most standard product range.

• Meat and sausage products;
• Vegetables and fruits;
• Dairy;
• Grocery;
• Confectionery;
• Soft drinks;
• Low alcohol products.

Also, to maximize profits, you should add household essentials (matches, soap, household chemicals, etc.) and pet food.

Grocery store hours: 9:00 - 22:00 daily.

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3. Description of the market

Customers come to the store near the house after work to buy the necessary products for dinner. Children, young mothers, and pensioners also go to such outlets.

Analyzing the indicators of monetary income per capita for last years, a positive trend can be noted: since 2009, the average per capita cash income of Russians has almost doubled. (Information obtained from the official website Federal Service state statistics of the Russian Federation)

Monetary incomes and expenditures on average per capita in Russia over the years, rub.

As incomes rise, household consumer spending rises. As a result, food costs are on the rise. Consumers are already choosing to buy higher quality products.

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Consumption of basic foodstuffs in the Russian Federation

(per capita per year; kilograms)

Meat and meat products in terms of meat

including meat and meat products without category II by-products and raw fat

Milk and dairy products in terms of milk

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Eggs and egg products - pieces

Vegetables and food melons

Bread products (bread and pasta in terms of flour, flour, cereals and legumes)

This table confirms the stability of demand for food products, and also helps to navigate the store assortment. (Information obtained from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation)

4. Sales and Marketing

Any activity is impossible without a competent marketing policy. Grocery store advertising has its own nuances and promotion channels.

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First of all, it is necessary to install a bright sign above the entrance, which will attract attention from afar.

The most common methods of business promotion:

• Festive opening. To increase the clientele on this day, you can arrange a holiday: decorate the entrance with balloons, hold interesting events, for example, give gifts for making purchases or arrange a contest, according to the results of which buyers can win small household appliances.
• Loyalty system. Periodically it is recommended to carry out promotions, think over a system of discounts and issue discount cards to regular customers.
• Printing and distribution of flyers. When developing a layout, it is important to indicate the location, opening hours, information about promotions and prize draws. You can distribute leaflets on nearby streets, as well as put them in mailboxes at home.
• "Word of mouth radio". Free and very effective method advertising. When your establishment is recommended to friends, it is main indicator your good work.

5. Production plan

Let's outline the main stages of launching a grocery store.

1. Registration with government agencies

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• We recommend registering in the form of IP.
• The best code for registering a business will be the OKVED code - 47.2 - “Retail trade services food products, tobacco products in specialized stores.
• After receiving the certificate of registration, you need to draw up a lease agreement for the premises. It is necessary to obtain permission from firefighters, for this the room must comply with all applicable standards: it must be located at least on the ground floor, have an emergency exit, and a fire extinguisher. In order for the sanitary and epidemiological station to give the green light to the work of the grocery store, it is necessary to prepare:

1. contract for sanitary treatment of the premises;
2. garbage collection agreement
3. contract for the disposal of food waste;
4. health records for all employees.

• The store must be equipped with a consumer corner with copies of licenses for the sale of alcohol and tobacco products, certificates of quality and conformity SES standards, a certificate of registration of a legal entity, a book of reviews and suggestions.
• UTII is planned to be used as a taxation system. We believe that this is the most favorable tax regime for a store, when the amount of tax does not depend on the business income.

2. Search for premises and repair

Potentially profitable is a building located no further than 100-150 meters from four high-rise buildings (in which about 1500 people live).

The following requirements apply to the premises:

• The premises can be either owned or rented;
• Room area - from 20 m2 to 25 m2;
• Availability of sewerage, water supply, engineering communications, powerful electrical networks for refrigeration equipment, corresponding technical requirements equipment;

Accessibility of access roads to the building.

3. Search for suppliers

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Particular attention should be paid to the search for suppliers. The best option is the delivery of products from large wholesale bases according to a cyclic schedule, it can be carried out on its own. A promising option is to purchase agricultural products directly from farms. Such a solution will save on the services of intermediaries and provide customers with fresh and high-quality products.

6. Organizational structure

As a rule, when opening one point, the owner of the grocery store himself becomes the manager and to minimize taxes wages does not charge himself.

2 salespeople working in shifts 2/2;

Basic requirements for sellers:

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• activity;
• high communication skills;
• goodwill;
• honesty;
• discipline;
• a responsibility.

Sellers must have medical books.

Each seller has a salary part of the salary - rub. and the premium part, which is calculated as follows:

Bonus part s/n = 8000 rub. * (Fact / Plan), where Fact is the actually completed sales plan and Plan is the planned one. The first 4 months of the plan gradually increases the log house. dorub. Starting from the 5th month, the plan is rub. This system stimulates conscientious performance sellers of their duties and reduces the risk of theft by employees.

The cleaner has a fixed salary - rub.

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Sellers (2 people), salary

Sellers (2 people), premium part

Sellers (2 people), salary

Sellers (2 people), premium part

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Sellers (2 people), salary

Sellers (2 people), premium part

7. Financial plan

Investments in opening a grocery store are as follows:

Conclusion on the compliance of the object with the established fire safety

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Repair work, preparation of the premises

Purchase and installation of KKM

Slicer, scale, hot packing table

Refrigeration equipment, including:

Refrigerator (closed)

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Initial purchase of goods

The total amount of the initial investment is RUB.

Current expenses are as follows:

The main item of monthly expenses is the purchase of goods. The average markup on goods is 30%. Next, we present a procurement plan for 2 years of project implementation.

According to the procurement plan, 2% of products remain unsold before the expiration date and are thrown away.

There is also such a thing as shrinkage of goods. Goods containing moisture (meat, sausages, vegetables, fruits) evaporate during storage and decrease in weight. Thus, 3% of purchased meat and sausage products, vegetables and fruits remains unrealized due to shrinkage.

Procurement plan for the 1st year of project implementation, rub.

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Unsold products, 2%

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Unsold products, 2%

Procurement plan for the 2nd year of project implementation, rub.

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Unsold products, 2%

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Unsold products, 2%

The sales plan for the project is predicted based on the average check (rubles/person) and the number of customers per day (70-90 people/day) for similar food stores.

A gradual increase in sales volumes is predicted for the period from 1-5 months of the project implementation.

The sales structure is as follows:

Sales plan for the 1st year of project implementation

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Sales plan for the 2nd year of the project implementation

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Meat and sausage products

pet food

Forecast financial indicators 1st year of project implementation, rub.

Deductions from the payroll (30% of the salary of full-time employees)

Profit before tax

EBIT (PV including taxes)

Deductions from the payroll (30% of the salary of full-time employees)

Profit before tax

EBIT (PV including taxes)

Accumulated Cash Flow (including initial investment)

Cumulative net profit

Forecast of financial indicators of the 2nd year of the project implementation, rub.

Deductions from the payroll (30% of the salary of full-time employees)

Profit before tax

EBIT (PV including taxes)

Accumulated Cash Flow (including initial investment)

Cumulative net profit

Deductions from the payroll (30% of the salary of full-time employees)

Profit before tax

EBIT (PV including taxes)

Accumulated Cash Flow (including initial investment)

Cumulative net profit

As can be seen from the presented data, the break-even point of the store will come as early as the second month of the project launch, while the full investment will be returned in the twelfth month of the organization's operation.

8. Risk factors

Opening small shop immediately encounters a serious, multi-level competition, which is made up of:

• trading networks - hypermarkets;
• supermarkets located in busy areas;
• grocery stores - they sell everything that the consumer needs, most often located on the central streets of sleeping areas;
• shops within walking distance, small shops located in the yards;
• markets, including spontaneous ones.

As you can see, absolutely all niches are occupied. To verify this, you do not need to conduct special research, it is enough to pay attention to the location of outlets selling products while walking around the city. Often there are situations that are absurd from a business point of view, when one store is located next to another, literally two steps away. Therefore, the most important thing in this matter is to choose the right location.

You also need to know the specifics of working with products, because many of them quickly deteriorate and you need to quickly sell them so as not to go into the red. In addition, it is necessary to purchase only hot goods, and sell stale products at a reduced price in order to partially recoup losses.

How to open a grocery store? Making a business plan together

As my father used to say: “No matter what happens, a person always needs to eat.” Trading shops have existed for thousands of years. Even then there were various shops that offered people cereals, spices, bread, meat, and other food products. Nowadays, when the assortment of goods is incredibly wide, and people have the opportunity to buy whatever their heart desires, opening a grocery store is quite a lucrative business. Many novice businessmen are quite frightened by the prospect of opening such a business. Indeed, there are a number of weighty factors for fear. Firstly, there are already quite a lot of grocery stores, and you will have to compete with the already “found” places that people are used to. Secondly, supermarket chains are also competing, which are growing every day, crowding out smaller and weaker grocery stores. Thirdly, products are perishable goods that will not lie in the warehouse for a month, waiting for the right buyer. You will always have to work, spin, increase turnover and sales. We don't deny this business not simple. But how would you like? So that everything was easy, simple, and even profitable? That doesn't happen. AT modern world businesses there is fierce competition for a place in the sun.

Today we will talk about how to open a grocery store, and how to win the race against competitors and growing chains. We will also try to draw up a business plan for a grocery store, taking into account all the subtleties and nuances of this difficult business. Believe me, everything is possible and everything is real. You just need to follow certain rules which we will discuss later in the article.

Documents required to open a grocery store

When opening any business, including a grocery store, you will need to collect a number of specific permits, without which doing business will be impossible. Such documents include:

• Documents of the business entity. As a rule, an individual entrepreneur is registered for the opening of a grocery store. But if you plan to grow and create a chain of stores, it would be better to register as a legal entity. In this case, it is necessary to develop various constituent documents.
• Testimony from tax office that you have registered and chosen the form of tax payment (single tax or payment on a common basis).
• Obtaining codes from the State Statistics Committee.

• A lease agreement for your grocery store, or a copy of the certificate of ownership.
• Conclusions from the fire service that your premises complies with all norms and standards, is safe for both employees and future visitors.
• Contract for the installation and maintenance of fire alarms.
• Contract with a company that provides services for the removal of solid domestic waste.
• Job certificate
• Contract for disinfection works.

And the last package of documents that you need to collect and prepare concerns the trading process itself. At the stage of registering the opening of a business, they are not needed, but they will be needed later.

• Sanitary books of all employees of your grocery store. If they are not, then you risk receiving serious fines from the SES, and other regulatory authorities.
• It is necessary to properly arrange the corner of the buyer, in accordance with all the rules and standards. In this corner should hang copies of your certificate of the right to engage in this business, the law on consumer rights, a book of stings and suggestions. More detailed and up-to-date list required documents you can on the Internet.

Choosing a Grocery Store Location

If you are going to open a grocery store, then choosing a location is the key to the success of your future business. In order for the business to be profitable, try to choose a room based on several rules:

Firstly, within a radius of 500 meters, and preferably more, there should not be any other grocery stores and supermarkets. Otherwise, you will face a serious problem of competition. You will need to lure customers over to you, proving that the store “found” and already familiar to them is not only no better, but also inferior to you in many respects. And it won't be easy to do so. Therefore, if there is an option to rent or buy premises in a place where there is no competition, then this is ideal.

Secondly, a grocery store is best opened in a residential area, surrounded by several high-rise buildings. Many experienced businessmen note that in order for the business to be successful, at least one and a half thousand people must live near the shops (up to 200 meters). Then there is a good chance that the flow of customers will be stable.

You also need to decide on the size of the store. It all depends on how you see the whole organization of the business. Perhaps a small stall will be enough for you, where the buyer can buy bread, dairy products, some cereals and other essential goods. Or maybe you want a full-fledged store, with a wide range and several departments: groceries, fish, alcohol, vegetables and fruits, confectionery. It is clear that a large store, potentially, can bring big profits.

The choice of the size of the premises also depends on the organization of trade. You can make your grocery store like a mini supermarket, where the buyer will have access to goods, or you can sell through the counter. Both options have both pros and cons. Trading over the counter will oblige you to hire a salesperson in each department, and this is an extra cost for wages. If you choose the first option, with access to goods, then this type of trade is associated with certain risks - theft is possible.

The choice of commercial equipment for a grocery store

Which shop equipment choose for the grocery store? This is a question, the answer to which cannot be unambiguous. Why? Firstly, because a lot depends on the format and size of your store, on the range of goods, on the presence of a particular department. If you sell only essential products, then standard shelves and a few showcases will be enough for you. If, on top of everything else, you add soft drinks, dairy products, meat and fish, then you need to think about refrigerators and freezers.

By the way, many manufacturers of frozen foods and carbonated drinks can provide you with refrigeration equipment for free. In return, you must sign an agreement that the store will sell only their products from this category of goods. It's very beneficial, no. extra costs for the purchase of equipment. But at the same time, you limit yourself in the assortment, pledging to sell the goods of only one manufacturer. Here you need to look at the situation, opportunities, and the proposals that come.

Assortment of goods in a grocery store

If you are going to open a grocery store, then you need to pay special attention to the proposed assortment. First of all, it will depend to a greater extent on the location. Where will your store be located? What is nearby? School, office center, residential buildings, recreational areas and parks? All this will make adjustments to the assortment of the future store.

With a high degree of probability, we can say that you will adjust the quantity and assortment of goods for several more months. In the sales process, it will become clear what is in demand more and what is not worth buying anymore, which categories of goods should be the main focus, and in which direction to develop in the future.

If you have a small grocery store, then do not try to put everything on the shelves. A wide range is good, but not at the very beginning of your store. Better start with a standard set of goods: dairy products, canned food, fish, juices, water, bakery products, alcohol. In the process, you will understand what you need to buy, deliver, which departments to remove, and which, on the contrary, to add. Also, do not forget about the seasonality of goods. In summer, the emphasis should be on fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, greens, fresh juices, water. In winter, citrus fruits and imported fruits are in demand.

I would also like to say a few words about suppliers. It won't take long to find them. There are a lot of distributors on the market who will offer you to fill the shelves with their goods. But do not rush to sign contracts with the first company that comes across. Study the offers of several suppliers, their working conditions and payment. Someone provides goods only by calculation, someone gives a deferred payment of several weeks. It is clear that deferment is a great option for a novice entrepreneur, because it allows you to make payments from the proceeds received, and not invest your own money.

How to open a grocery store: we select staff

Grocery store staff should be polite and friendly. This is especially important at the initial stage of your development. A customer who first came to you for shopping should be satisfied not only with the price and quality of the goods, but also with the service. And here it all depends on the person who will be behind the counter. It just so happens that in most grocery stores you can meet a few rude salesmen who look at you like you owe them something. Like it or not, but the sediment remains unpleasant, and next time there will be no desire to go to this store.

Therefore, special attention should be paid to the selection of personnel. Finding competent, smart, friendly sellers is not an easy task. You may have to overpay them a little to motivate them to quality performance their obligations. But believe me, smiling seller, with good mood and the disposition of the spirit, which knows regular customers by name and already understands what they want - this is a godsend for any grocery store.

How many salespeople does a store need? It all depends on the number of departments and work schedule. If there are four departments, and your grocery store is open from 8 to 22, then you need to organize two shifts. So sellers already need at least eight people.

Do not forget about the control of work. As the saying goes, trust but verify. Can install a web camera in the store and monitor the trading process in real time. Recording cameras can be placed in warehouses and above cash registers to avoid theft and theft. You can also create a simple website, the address of which is posted in front of the entrance to the store, where each customer can leave their feedback, suggestions, recommendations for improving the store.

Grocery store advertising and development

If you do not plan to develop, and limit yourself to only one store in one area, then advertising should be given only within this area. It makes no sense to advertise in local newspapers and magazines, on Internet portals, and even more so in in social networks. Most effective method- This is a monthly distribution of advertising booklets in mailboxes. In booklets, indicate the prices of the most popular products, as well as talk about promotions and discounts that will be held next month.

In this article, we tried to tell in detail how to open a grocery store, gave some good advice and recommendations. Many may wonder why we haven't said anything about the financial side of opening a grocery store. How much money will have to be spent, what is the payback, what are the primary costs and how much will it take to maintain the business on a monthly basis. The answer is simple - everything is very individual, and the amounts can differ dozens of times depending on the region, city, and even the selected area. It's hard to even read exemplary business grocery store plan, not knowing where, how and for what purpose, you are going to open it.

Let's just say one thing, that the main costs of opening a grocery store are:

• Rent or purchase of premises
• Refurbishment of a retail space
• Rent or purchase of equipment necessary for trade
• Installation of security systems (surveillance cameras, fire protection system, etc.)
• Purchasing a specific stock of an item

There will also be monthly expenses:

• Employee salary
• Payment of utility services
• Paying taxes
• Payment of rent for the premises (if you do not own it)
• Purchase of new goods

You also need to consider the risks associated with this business. Products have certain period shelf life, and you need to meet the allotted limits in order to sell them. All spoiled products are a minus for your wallet.

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So you have what you need start-up capital and desire to start a business. Having carefully weighed all the pros and cons, you have made a firm decision that its fastest and most profitable type will be retail food products. This has its rational grain, but get ready for the fact that the procedure for opening such a business is one of the most difficult and confusing. Therefore, we will draw up for ourselves a specific action plan for opening a small grocery store from scratch. Many of its points will be carried out in parallel, some will be postponed pending the release of the necessary documents and decisions of the relevant authorities, then resumed, but, in any case, it will be necessary to go through all the planned stages in order to get a stable, profitable and independent own business as a result.

Documents for opening a grocery store

The main thing is to have all the necessary legal documents. All documentation can be divided into three main packages:

1. Documents required to open any business:

• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity. For legal entities it is necessary to have a statute and Memorandum of Association. Individual entrepreneurial activity regulated by Art. 23 Civil Code, laws and by-laws of the Russian Federation. An individual entrepreneur can contact the local employment center, where he will be provided with legal support, as well as financial assistance in the amount of 58,000 rubles. To obtain a Certificate of Registration, it is necessary to pay a state duty in the amount of 800 rubles;

• Certificate of registration with the local Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation and the issuance of an individual tax number of the taxpayer. For an individual entrepreneur, the choice of the correct taxation model plays an important role. In most cases, this is a simplified model that is registered on the basis of an appropriate application. Also individual entrepreneur receives from tax authorities an extract of registration in the USRIP;

• Information letter of the State Statistics Committee with codes OKVED statistics on the main activities of the enterprise. It is very important to choose these codes correctly during registration so that you do not have to change or add them in the future;
• Certificate of registration in pension fund RF.

2. Documents related to a specific commercial premises:

• A lease agreement for premises, or a certificate of ownership;
• Conclusion of the State Fire Supervision Ministry of Emergency Situations, issued on the basis of your application, company registration certificate, premises lease agreement, BTI premises plan, fire alarm installation document, premises insurance agreement;
• Conclusion SES Rospotrebnadzor issued on the basis of an application, a certificate of registration of an enterprise, a lease agreement for premises, a sanitary passport for the premises, an expected list of goods sold, an agreement for the removal of garbage and municipal solid waste;
• Certificate of registration of a cash register, which requires: an application, a lease agreement, a certificate of registration of an enterprise, a passport of a cash register, a service hologram;
• Certificate of attestation of workplaces issued by the local inspection body of the Ministry of Social Health;
• Certificate of entry in the Commercial Register, issued by the local administration and which is actually a trade permit;
• Permission to outdoor advertising issued by local authorities.

3. Documents related directly to the process of trade and customer service:

• Personal medical books of employees;
• Book of reviews and suggestions;
• Text of the Consumer Protection Law;
• Fire evacuation plan;
• Certificates confirming the quality and compliance of the goods sold with standards and sanitary standards;
• Required licenses for the sale of alcohol or tobacco products, etc.

As can be seen from the above set of required documents for opening a grocery store, many of them are tied to a specific facility in which retail space is supposed to be located. Therefore, the choice of an appropriate trading platform for opening a store is one of the fundamental factors for future success.

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Choosing a Grocery Store Location

Approaching this important point, as a choice of a place for a future store, you should proceed from the fact that you are not the first and not the only representative trading business in your city or village. Probably, by now all the best and most profitable places have already been taken by competitors. Maybe someone has already tried to open their outlet in the area you have planned. learning from the experience of others and A complex approach to the necessary criteria for promoting your own business - this is the key to your future success.

The main factor in choosing a location for a future store is, of course, the traffic of customers. It, in turn, depends on many components:

• As experience shows, for the profitable operation of a trading facility, living within a radius of about half a kilometer is necessary for at least one and a half to two thousand people. This is the population of a small quarter of six five-story buildings or four nine-story buildings;
• the location of the grocery outlet near bus stops, metro stations, train stations, clinics, markets, schools, stadiums, etc. always gives positive effect, but it must be borne in mind that in such places there will be constant high competition;
• if there is a large chain store or supermarket at a distance closer than two kilometers, it will be very difficult for a novice entrepreneur to compete with him for buyers, but not hopelessly;
• having studied the range of products offered in nearby stores, you can increase traffic by offering products that are not available from competitors;
• an important role is also played by the expansion of the range of products intended for certain target categories of buyers: pensioners, children, summer residents, etc.;
• offer to buyers any related products allowed for sale in this store, such as household chemicals, can also increase traffic. It may make sense to obtain additional trade permits for such goods;
• even such seemingly extraneous factors as the presence of air conditioners in trading floor, beautiful uniforms, courtesy and friendliness of staff can be crucial in increasing customer traffic and increasing turnover.

When choosing a room for a future store, you need to pay attention to the presence of:

• access roads for the delivery and unloading of goods;
• parking spaces for future buyers;
• utility rooms for storing goods and the possibility of equipping them with refrigerating chambers;
• sufficient capacity of electrical networks;
• plumbing, sewerage, telephone lines etc.

The absence of any of these components will give you an additional trump card in negotiations on the amount of rent.

When choosing a location for the location of the future store, you should also study the following question: maybe rent land plot and the installation of a modular structure on it will be more profitable than renting a finished building. After all, in this way you can not only bring your store closer to potential buyers, but also choose for yourself the most suitable type of modular structure in terms of size, layout and the ability to install the required equipment.

Commercial equipment for a grocery store

The equipment necessary for the operation of a grocery store can be divided into the main one, which is required initially upon opening, and additional equipment, purchased later, as needed. The main equipment, and this is also the main item of expenditure when opening a store, include:

• racks, shelves, slides installed in the trading floor and used for the entire basic set of dry products;
• racks, refrigerators and freezers installed in storage and utility rooms;
• showcases refrigerating and freezing for the sale of perishable and frozen products;
• confectionery showcases and various counters;
• special showcases for the sale of fresh fish, if it is expected to be available in the assortment;
• scales, cash registers, various stainless steel containers, cutting boards, knives, shopping trolleys, baskets.

During the operation of the store, with the expansion of the range of services and goods, you can purchase various additional equipment, such as: slicers, bread slicers, vegetable cutters, meat grinders, meat saws, vacuum packaging machines, refrigerators for drinks and ice cream, air conditioners, video surveillance systems.

Proper and rational placement of equipment for a grocery store in the trading floor and utility rooms determines mutual convenience for both staff and customers. But in any case, the set necessary equipment determined by the range of goods sold.

Grocery store assortment

From the experience of successful entrepreneurs in the field of food retail, we know that on a sales area of ​​50 sq.m. You can place up to 500 items of goods. The structure of the product range of a grocery store consists of products:

1. priority demand:

• bread and bakery products,
• milk and dairy products,
• eggs,
• sausages and meat products;

2. daily demand:

• croup,
• pasta,
• canned food
• spices, tea, coffee, etc.;

3. seasonal demand:

• non-alcoholic and low-alcohol drinks,
• ice cream and others

as well as certain specialty goods, the demand for which increases significantly on certain days of the year, for example, champagne during New Year holidays, or Easter eggs.

During the operation of the store, constant monitoring of customer demand is necessary in order to respond to their requests as soon as possible. In addition, the constant expansion of the range of products and goods in the grocery store due to new positions offered by suppliers can significantly increase attendance and, consequently, the profitability of the enterprise.

Grocery Store Suppliers

Find suppliers these days necessary goods is not great work, therefore, the main attention should be paid to their reliability and reputation, as well as the value and quality of the products offered.

When concluding agreements with food suppliers, it is important for the store to determine the delivery time of the goods and the delivery schedule, the terms of payment for the goods, the conditions for deferred payments, the possibility of returning goods that are not in demand. It is necessary to constantly check all related documentation: certificates, invoices, etc., except In addition, each product must contain on the packaging: the date of manufacture and shelf life, information about the composition, nutritional value and food additives.

You also need to take care of your own reputation, making timely and correct payments for the delivered products, especially since the first time after opening you will have to work on an advance payment. The sooner you win a good name in business, the more opportunities you will have for its further development.

Hiring staff for a grocery store

The selection of competent, experienced and conscientious workers is a task that seems easy only at first glance. For the successful operation of the store, daily, painstaking work with the staff is required. This includes:

• system of remuneration and bonus payments;
• compliance labor law when scheduling work shifts and vacation schedules;
• timely renewal of medical books;
• checking knowledge of the product range and prices for products,

and much more.

It is important to determine the minimum required staff, which depends on the mode of operation of the store.

Sample business plan for a small grocery store

When drawing up a business plan, it is necessary to take into account capital investments and general expenses.

Capital investments consist of expenses for:

• registration and clearance permits- this is approximately 30,000;
• purchase of equipment, installation, summing up communications - 500,000;
• security system, fire alarm - 60,000;
• purchase of the initial product range - 800,000;
• transportation and other expenses - 80,000. Total: an amount not exceeding 1,500,000.

Recurring expenses for:

• rent of premises, say, for 50 sq.m - 30,000;
• salary of two sellers - 30,000;
• utilities, taxes, contingencies - 20,000. Total: about 80,000 per month or 960,000 per year.

Based on this, it can be determined that for the payback of the grocery store within a year after opening, the net profit must be at least 200,000 per month. With an average trade margin of foodstuffs 30% of this is achieved with a revenue of about 700,000 per month, which, as experience shows, is not so much.

Possible problems

The biggest problem that you will have when opening a grocery store is the problem of lack of time. If you want to succeed in this business, you will need constant, daily monitoring of:

• customer demand;
• supplier offers;
• activities of competitors;
• the work of the staff;
• turnover of funds;
• changes in legislation;
• timely submission of documents, payments, taxes and much more.

But with skillful organization of the business, a sober assessment of yourself and your competitors, with a painstaking analysis of successes and failures, with the ability to think outside the box and patiently wait for the desired result, you can answer: “Yes!” on the question asked: "Is it profitable to open a grocery store?"

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