home Exchange rates Organizational legal form of Gazprom. Characteristics of OAO ''Gazprom" and its subsidiaries

Organizational legal form of Gazprom. Characteristics of OAO ''Gazprom" and its subsidiaries

OAO "Gazprom" is the largest gas company in the world. The main activities are exploration, production, transportation, storage, processing and sale of gas and other hydrocarbons. The state is the owner of a controlling stake in Gazprom - 50.002%.

JSC "Gazprom" sees its mission in reliable, efficient and balanced supply of consumers with natural gas, other types of energy resources and products of their processing.

The strategic goal is to make OAO Gazprom a leader among global energy companies through the development of new markets, diversification of activities, and ensuring the reliability of supplies.

Another of Gazprom's strategic goals is to increase the reliability of gas supplies to European consumers. To this end, Gazprom is initiating the implementation of the new Nord Stream and South Stream gas transmission projects, which will not only diversify Russian gas export routes, but also ensure additional features to increase gas exports.

Preparations are underway for the implementation of the project to develop the Shtokman field on the shelf of the Barents Sea, which will become a resource base for the export of Russian gas to Europe through the Nord Stream.

Gazprom is implementing a phased strategy to increase its presence in the liquefied natural gas(LNG). This allows you to expand the geography of the company. In 2005, Gazprom made the first deliveries of LNG to the US, and in 2006 to the UK, Japan and South Korea. Gazprom's entry into the Sakhalin-2 project gives a powerful impetus to the completion of a large-scale project in the field of energy supplies to the Asia-Pacific countries and North America. In February 2009, Russia's first LNG plant began operating on Sakhalin.

Development of the oil business and competitive presence in the electricity sector - strategic objectives"Gazprom" on the way to becoming a leader among global energy companies.

The oil business development strategy provides for an increase in annual oil production to 90-100 million tons by 2020. It is planned to reach this level through the phased involvement in the operation of all explored fields of Gazprom Neft and other companies of the Gazprom Group, as well as the acquisition of new licenses.

In the electric power industry, the following strategic goals: diversifying the risks of tariff regulation, optimizing the fuel balance and achieving a synergistic effect from the combination of gas and electric power businesses.

The first gas lamps were lit in Russia on the Aptekarsky Island of St. Petersburg in 1819. The history of "big gas" in the Soviet Union began in 1946 with the commissioning main gas pipeline"Saratov - Moscow". In 1989, on the basis of the Ministry gas industry In the USSR, the State Gas Concern "Gazprom" was formed. On its basis, in 1993, the Russian joint-stock company "Gazprom" was created, renamed in 1998 into the Open Joint-Stock Company "Gazprom".

Abroad and in Russia, the Company has registered trademarks, the exclusive right to use which belongs to OAO Gazprom.

integral the financial analysis indicator

Gazprom's priority line of business is the development of gas resources on the Yamal Peninsula, the Arctic shelf, Eastern Siberia and the Far East.

On behalf of the Government of the Russian Federation, Gazprom is the coordinator of activities for the implementation of the Development Program in Eastern Siberia and Far East a unified system of gas production, transportation and gas supply, taking into account the possible export of gas to the markets of China and other Asia-Pacific countries (Eastern Program). In the East of Russia, a gas processing and gas chemical industry will be created, the development of which will make it possible to rationally use the significant reserves of helium and other valuable components contained in East Siberian gas.

Gazprom in its activities is guided by the principle of strict observance of international and Russian environmental legislation. The company approved the Environmental Policy and the List of Priority Measures for Protection environment for the period up to 2010.

The results of the practical implementation of the Environmental Policy should be a reduction in costs and an increase in the efficiency of resource use, minimization of specific indicators of negative impact on the environment, optimization corporate system environmental management, ensuring a balanced innovative development OJSC "Gazprom", which combines the expansion of production with modern and efficient approaches to environmental protection.

Gazprom's largest socially oriented project is the Russian regions gasification program, which in 2008 was implemented in 64 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The construction of 153 inter-settlement gas pipelines in 47 constituent entities of the Russian Federation with a total length of 2,700 km has been completed. In 2009, the gasification program is being implemented in 69 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The supreme governing body of the Open Joint Stock Company "Gazprom" is the General Meeting of Shareholders, which is held annually. The General Meetings of Shareholders held in addition to the annual General Meetings of Shareholders are extraordinary. The right to vote at the General Meeting of Shareholders is held by shareholders - owners ordinary shares. Any shareholder personally or through his representative has the right to participate in the General Meeting of Shareholders. The meeting is valid if it is attended by shareholders holding in aggregate more than half of the votes.

The competence of the General Meeting of Shareholders, in particular, includes amending the Charter of the Company, approving annual reports and the auditor of the Company, distributing profits, electing members of the Board of Directors and the Audit Commission, making decisions on the reorganization or liquidation of the Company, as well as on increasing or decreasing its charter capital.

The Board of Directors carries out general management of the Company's activities, except for resolving issues related to the competence of the General Meeting of Shareholders. Members of the Board of Directors of the Company are elected by the General Meeting of Shareholders for a term until the next annual General Meeting of Shareholders.

The Board of Directors, in particular, determines the priority areas of the Company's activities, approves the annual budget and investment programs, makes decisions on convening General Meetings of Shareholders, on the formation of the Company's executive bodies, and makes recommendations on the amount of dividend on shares.

The Chairman of the Management Board (sole executive body) and the Management Board (collective executive body) manage current activities Society. They organize the implementation of the decisions of the General Meeting of Shareholders and the Board of Directors and are accountable to them.

The Chairman of the Management Board and members of the Management Board are elected by the Board of Directors for a term of 5 years. The Management Board, in particular, develops the annual budget, investment programs, long-term and current business plans of the Company, prepares reports, organizes gas flow management, monitors the functioning unified system gas supply in Russia.

Structural units

The Gazprom Administration includes the following departments:

Department of automation of control systems technological processes

Department accounting

Department of external economic activity

Department internal audit

Department of Investments and Construction

Department of Marketing, Processing of Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons

Department for the production of gas, gas condensate, oil

Department of information policy

Department for work with authorities Russian Federation

Department of Transportation, Underground Storage and Use of Gas

・Case Management Department

Department of property management and corporate relations

· Competitive Procurement Management Department

Department of personnel management

· Project Management Department

Department strategic development

Department economic expertise and pricing

Financial and economic department

Central production and dispatching department

· Legal department

Gazprom is the largest joint stock company in Russia. The total number of shareholders of the company is more than 500 thousand.

Share capital structure of OAO Gazprom: share in equity capital, % as of December 31, 2009 Russian Federation - 50,002 represented by: Federal Agency for State Property Management - 38,373 Rosneftegaz OJSC - 10,740 Rosgazifikatsiya OJSC - 0.889 ADR holders - 24,350 Other registered persons - 25,648

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Introduction

1. Concept, essence, types of enterprises

2. a brief description of organizational and legal forms of the enterprise

3. Organizational legal form"Gazprom"

Conclusions and offers

List of used literature

Introduction

The central link of the market economy, in which decisions are made and implemented on the use of a limited number of goods, taking into account the circumstances external environment, the choice of options for solving problems aimed at achieving the desired end results are economic entities (organizations, enterprises, households).

In a market economy, an entrepreneur is free to use the possibilities of choosing options for solving problems, alternatives for development and determining his goals. The entrepreneur himself decides under what organizational and legal form to carry out his activities. Organizational and legal forms entrepreneurial activity are extremely diverse: this category includes both giant enterprises like OAO Gazprom, as well as local specialized shops or family grocery stores with one or two employees and a small daily sales volume.

The relevance of the topic of the course work lies in the consideration of organizational and legal forms. At present, in Russia, entrepreneurs are not always able to correctly choose the correct organizational and legal form for their enterprise. An incorrectly chosen organizational and legal form threatens to reduce the efficiency of the enterprise, or even worse, bankruptcy. A well-chosen organizational and legal form can provide an additional tool for developing your business.

The purpose of the course work is to study the organizational and legal forms of the enterprise

Achieving the goal meant solving the following tasks:

1. Define the concept, essence and types of enterprises.

2. Consider a brief description of the organizational and legal forms of the enterprise.

3. Consider the organizational and legal form of OAO "Gazprom".

The object of study of this course is OAO "Gazprom". The subject of research is the organizational and legal forms of OAO "Gazprom".

The most notable contribution to theoretical development questions about organizational and legal forms were introduced by such well-known scientists as:

Barinov V.A., Batova T.N., Volkov O.I., Voronin S.I., Gornostai L.Ch., Gorfinkel V.Ya., Gruzinov V.P., Ivanov I.N., Serebrennikov G .G., Turovets O.G., Fatkhutdinov R.A., Chichkina V.D., Yarkina T.V.

1. Concept, essence, typesenterprises

The basis of any economy is production - the production of products, the performance of work, the provision of services. Without production, there can be no consumption, you can only eat away the accumulated wealth for a while and end up with nothing. The form of organization of production in modern world is an enterprise. That is why the enterprise is the main link in the economy. From how effective the activities of enterprises are, what is their financial condition, technological and social "health", depends on the state of the entire economy. The basis of the complex pyramid of the country's economy are enterprises.

When we get acquainted with an enterprise, primarily an industrial one, we see factory buildings, equipment, transport systems, communications, i.e. industrial and technical complex. Behind all this are people - workers, supply and sales workers, engineers, production organizers (managers), owners (shareholders) who enter into complex relationships in the course of the enterprise's activities.

In order to more fully characterize the enterprise, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the product marketing system, the circle of consumers, the supply chain and suppliers of raw materials, materials, components, find out the organizational and legal form of the enterprise, the composition and value of property, the relationship of the enterprise with financial and credit institutions, state. Without financial and commercial activities and the corresponding legal organization businesses do not exist. All this forms the economic unity of the enterprise.

Based on the foregoing, the essence of the enterprise can be considered from different positions. On the one hand, an enterprise is a property complex used for entrepreneurial activities. As part of an enterprise property complex includes all types of property intended for its activities, including land, buildings, structures, equipment, inventory, raw materials, products, debts, company name, trademarks, service marks and other exclusive rights.

At the same time, an enterprise is not only a set of technological processes, industrial buildings, equipment, but a certain social unity formed by technical and organizational processes, economic relations that develop within the enterprise ..

In this perspective, the concept of the enterprise can be formulated as follows:

An enterprise is an economic unit that has economic and administrative independence determined by law, i.e. rights legal entity, organizational, technical, economic and social unity, due to the commonality of the goals of activity: the production and sale of goods, works, services and making a profit ..

The importance of the enterprise as the main link in the economy is determined by the following:

1. Enterprises produce products, perform work and provide services that constitute the material basis of the life of each person and society as a whole;

2. The enterprise is the main subject of relations that develop in society regarding the production, sale, distribution and consumption of products;

3. Enterprises are a source of demand for factors of production, technological and product innovations, organizational and managerial innovations;

4. Enterprises are one of the most important sources of revenue generation for budgets of all levels;

5. At enterprises, the vast majority of the population receives remuneration for their work, providing material support for themselves and their family members;

6. Citizens who enter life undergo social adaptation at enterprises, the foundations are laid here labor discipline, a sense of responsibility is brought up, rules and habits of relations between superiors and subordinates are formed, etc.;

7. The term "firm" is often used in economic circulation, which means an economic entity engaged in various types activities and economic independence. Otherwise, a firm is an organization that owns and conducts business activities in an enterprise.

At present, along with the word enterprise, such a concept as "firm" is in circulation. Firm is the name under which the enterprise (or their associations) act in economic activity as an independent entity. AT market economy brand name has great importance and is protected by law. It brings considerable profits if the company has won its market share with the help of products of higher quality than those of competitors, after-sales service, etc. In addition, both one and several names can operate under a single company name.

The company has its own name, company logo(mark), independent balance sheet, bank account. It bears property liability for its obligations, i.e. is a legal entity.

Each enterprise in the market tends to produce those goods and services that give the greatest profit. At the same time, in market conditions there is no guarantee that the company will receive it. All this depends on many circumstances: correct definition unsatisfied desires of buyers and the orientation of the enterprise towards their production, the level of production costs, which should be less than the income received from the sale of their products. The latter depends on the performance of the system, NTP. the level of organization of production and labor, the degree of competition, etc. This requires each enterprise to find its own development path, organization system, marketing, and its own forms of management.

It should be noted that it is small business that plays a significant role in the economy of almost all developed countries; it employs up to half of the working population. The term "small enterprise" characterizes only the size of the company, but does not give an idea of the organizational and legal form of the enterprise (a private, state, and other enterprise can be small). What are the advantages of small business: first of all, flexibility, high adaptive ability to changes in market conditions. The numerous nature of small firms creates opportunities for widespread competition.

A significant percentage of failures among small businesses allows only those who function most efficiently to stay afloat. The role of small business in modern economy very diverse. It seems to bind the economy into a single whole and forms a kind of foundation on which its more complex and high floors grow.. economic administrative legal

In conditions market relations Legislatively and traditionally, there are fundamental principles that guide enterprises to one degree or another.

1. The principle of entrepreneurial independence. It is understood as the possibility of independent decision-making by the enterprise on the main issues of economic activity.

2. The principle of self-sufficiency - compensation from own funds only current costs of production, thereby ensuring simple reproduction.

3. The principle of self-financing, which is understood as covering all financial expenses for existence from the funds received after the sale of products.

4. Economic liability compensation for damage caused to persons or organizations as a result of their economic activities with their own material and financial resources.

5. The principle of material interest material interest is understood as the introduction of a system that ensures the growth of the material well-being of the employee and the team, depending on the efficiency of labor.

These principles most fully satisfy the requirements of the market, are generally recognized and are found in all states with a market economy system.

Modern enterprises are classified according to a number of criteria:

1. By means of activity. All enterprises can be divided into those operating in the material and non-material spheres. material production.

The first sphere includes industrial, agricultural, transport and construction enterprises.

To the second sphere, enterprises that create services of various nature ( domestic services, healthcare, culture, education). Moreover, the development of the second sphere (the number of enterprises and those working for them) serves as an indirect but convincing evidence of the level of development of the sphere of material production. This conclusion is based on the fact that the lower the costs are satisfied material needs, the more resources are directed to satisfy non-material needs. The volume of consumed services is considered one of the important characteristics of the level and quality of life of the population. In developed countries, more than half of the economically active population is employed in non-material production.

2. According to the number of types of manufactured products, enterprises are distinguished as specialized, i.e. producing a limited number of goods, and multi-program, produced different goods.

3. Depending on the size of the enterprise are divided into large, medium and small.

Thus, an enterprise is an economic unit with economic and administrative independence determined by law. Every business strives to survive in competition, increase the sales volume of their products, increase the income of the enterprise, reduce production costs by introducing innovative technologies to take a leading position in the market.

2. Brief description of organizational and legal formsenterprises

The organizational and legal form is understood as a way of fixing and using property by an economic entity and its legal status and business goals.

A correctly chosen organizational and legal form of an enterprise can give the founders additional tools to implement their plans for the development and protection of the business.

The organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity include the following types:

4. Joint stock company;

5. People's enterprise;

9. Simple partnership;

11. Intra-company entrepreneurship.

Business partnerships are commercial organizations with share capital. A contribution to the property of a business partnership may be money, securities, other things or property rights or other rights having a monetary value. Business partnerships can be created in the form of a general partnership and a limited partnership (limited partnership). Participants in general partnerships and general partnerships on faith may be individual entrepreneurs and commercial organizations.

A general partnership is a partnership whose participants, in accordance with the concluded agreement, are engaged in entrepreneurial activities on behalf of the partnership and are liable for its obligations with all their property. A person can only be a participant in only one full partnership.

A general partnership is created and operates on the basis of a constituent agreement, which is signed by all its participants. The memorandum of association must contain the following information:

1. Name of the full partnership;

2. Location;

3. The procedure for managing it;

4. Conditions on the amount and procedure for changing the shares of each of the participants in the share capital;

5. The amount, composition, timing and procedure for making their contributions;

6. On the responsibility of participants for violation of obligations to make contributions.

The management of the activities of a general partnership is carried out by common agreement of all participants, but the memorandum of association may provide for cases where a decision is made by a majority vote of the participants. Each participant in a general partnership has the right to act on behalf of the partnership, but jointly administered affairs of the partnership by its participants, for the completion of each transaction, the consent of all participants in the partnership is required.

Profits and losses of a general partnership are distributed among its participants in proportion to their shares in the share capital.

A limited partnership is a partnership in which, along with the participants who carry out entrepreneurial activities on behalf of the partnership and are liable for the obligations of the partnership with their property, there is one or more contributors who bear the risk of losses associated with the activities of the partnership, within the limits of the amounts of their contributions. and do not take part in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities.

A limited partnership is created and operates on the basis of a constituent agreement, which is signed by all participants in the partnership.

The minimum and maximum size of the share capital is not limited. This is due to the fact that full partners are liable for the obligations of the partnership with all their property.

A limited partnership is created for the purpose of making a profit and can engage in any activity not prohibited by law. However, certain types of activities require a special permit.

Society with limited liability(LLC) - a legal entity established by one or more persons, the authorized capital of which is divided into certain shares. Members of an LLC bear the risk of loss only to the extent of the value of their contributions.

Members of the society may be citizens and legal entities. The maximum number of members of the company should not be more than fifty.

The constituent documents are the founding document and the charter. If the company is founded by one person, the charter approved by this person is the founding person.

If the number of participants in the company is from two or more, a contract is concluded between them memorandum of association in which the founders undertake:

1. Create a company and also determine the composition of the founders of the company;

2. The size of the authorized capital and the size of the share of each of the founders of the company;

3. The amount and composition of contributions, the procedure and terms for their introduction into the authorized capital of the company upon its establishment;

4. Responsibility of the founders of the company for violation of the obligation to make contributions;

5. Conditions and procedure for the distribution of profits between the founders of the company;

6. The composition of the company's bodies and the procedure for the withdrawal of participants from the company. A contribution to the authorized capital may be money, securities, property rights, having a monetary value. Each founder of the company must fully contribute to the authorized capital of the company during the term. At the moment state registration The authorized capital of the company must be paid by the founders at least half.

An additional liability company is a company founded by one or more persons, the authorized capital of which is divided into shares of the sizes determined by the constituent documents. Participants in a company with additional liability jointly and severally bear subsidiary liability for its obligations with their property and the same multiple for all of the value of their contributions, established by the constituent documents of the company.

In the event of bankruptcy of one of the participants in the company, his liability for the obligations of the company is distributed among the participants in proportion to their contributions, unless a different procedure for the distribution of responsibility is provided for by the constituent documents of the company.

A joint stock company is a commercial organization, the authorized capital of which is divided into a certain number of shares, certifying the obligations of the company's participants in relation to the joint stock company. Shareholders are not liable for the obligations of the company and bear the risk of losses associated with its activities, within the value of their shares.

A closed joint stock company is a company whose shares are distributed only among the founders or other pre-established circle of persons. A closed joint stock company does not have the right to conduct an open subscription for the shares it issues or otherwise offer them for purchase to an unlimited number of persons. The number of shareholders must not exceed fifty.

The founders of a joint-stock company are citizens and legal entities that have made a decision to establish it. Number of founders open society is not limited, and the number of founders of a closed society cannot exceed fifty people.

A production cooperative (artel) is a voluntary association of citizens on the basis of membership for joint production or other economic activities (agricultural or other products, processing, trade), based on their personal labor and other participation and association and its members (participants) of property share contributions.

A member of a cooperative is obliged to make a share contribution to the property of the cooperative. The share contribution of a cooperative member may be money, securities, other property, including property rights, as well as other objects of civil rights. Land and other natural resources may be a share contribution to the extent that their turnover is allowed by the laws on land and natural resources. The size of the share contribution is established by the charter of the cooperative. By the time of state registration of the cooperative, a member of the cooperative is obliged to pay at least 10% of the share contribution.

The rest is paid within a year after state registration. Share contributions form the share fund of the cooperative, which determines the minimum amount of property of the cooperative, guaranteeing the interests of its creditors.

The governing bodies of the cooperative are the general meeting of its members, supervisory board and executive bodies - the board and the chairman of the cooperative. The supreme governing body of the cooperative is the general meeting of its members, which has the right to consider and make decisions on any issue of the formation and activities of the cooperative.

A unitary enterprise is recognized as a commercial organization that is not endowed with the right of ownership to the property assigned to it by the owner, which is indivisible and cannot be distributed among contributions, including among employees of the enterprise.

A unitary enterprise that is in federal ownership, based on the right of operational management, is a federal state-owned enterprise.

In relation to the property assigned to it, a state-owned enterprise exercises, within the limits established by law, in accordance with the goals of its activity, the tasks of the owner and the purpose of the property, the right to own, use and dispose of it.

The constituent document of a unitary enterprise is the charter, which must contain the following information:

1. The name of the unitary enterprise with an indication of the owner of its property;

2. Its location;

3. The procedure for managing the activities of a unitary enterprise;

4. The subject and goals of the enterprise;

5. Size statutory fund, order and sources of its formation;

6. Other information related to the activities of the enterprise.

A financial and industrial group is understood as a set of legal entities acting as a parent company and subsidiaries or who have fully or partially combined their tangible and intangible assets on the basis of an agreement on the creation of a financial and industrial group for the purpose of technological or economic integration for the implementation of investment and other projects and programs, aimed at increasing competitiveness and expanding markets for goods and services, increasing production efficiency, and creating new jobs.

Participants of a financial industrial group may be legal entities that have signed an agreement on its creation, and the central company of the financial industrial group established by them, or the parent and subsidiary companies forming the financial industrial group. A financial and industrial group may include commercial and non-profit organizations, including foreign ones, with the exception of public and religious organizations.

The supreme management body of the financial and industrial group is the board of directors of the financial and industrial group, which includes representatives of all its participants. The competence of the board of directors of the financial-industrial group is established by the agreement on the establishment of the financial-industrial group.

The Association of Entrepreneurial Organizations is an association under an agreement between commercial organizations for the purpose of coordinating their entrepreneurial activities, as well as representing and protecting common property interests. Associations of commercial organizations are non-profit organizations, but if, by decision of the participants, the association is entrusted with conducting entrepreneurial activities, such an association is transformed into economical society or a partnership in the manner prescribed by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, or may create a business company to carry out entrepreneurial activities or participate in such a company.

Voluntary associations may unite public and other non-profit organizations and institutions. Members of the association retain their independence and the rights of a legal entity, can use its services free of charge, and, at their own discretion, leave the association at the end of the financial year.

The supreme governing body of the association is the general meeting of its members. The executive body of management may be a collegial and sole management body.

In a developed market economy, the formation of intra-company entrepreneurship has recently been observed, the essence of which lies in the organization in largest companies small innovative enterprises for approbation of inventions, utility models.

As experience shows, intra-company entrepreneurship can develop if the creative workers of the company (individual divisions) are “provided” by the management of the company with the following conditions that allow them to fully demonstrate their innovative nature of activity:

1. Freedom in the disposal of financial and material and technical resources necessary for the implementation of an entrepreneurial project;

2. Independent entry to the market with finished products of labor;

3. Ability to conduct your own personnel policy and special motivation of employees necessary for the implementation of their own entrepreneurial project;

4. Disposition of a part of the profit received from the implementation of a personal project;

5. Acceptance of part of the risk in the implementation of the project.

Fundamental is the principle that the entrepreneur acts within the firm as the owner of his own firm, and not as employee. Therefore, an internal entrepreneur should be focused on the implementation of his personal idea, on achieving a specific end result. This approach liberates employees, heads of departments, allows them to show entrepreneurial talent.

Thus, an entrepreneur can independently choose one or another organizational and legal form. A correctly chosen organizational and legal form can give an entrepreneur the tools to develop his business.

3. Organizationallegal form of OAO "Gazprom"

Gazprom is a Russian gas production and distribution company largest corporation in Russia and one of the largest in the world. The main activities are exploration, production, transportation, storage, processing and sale of gas and other hydrocarbons. The owner of the controlling stake in Gazprom is the state, which owns 50.002% of the shares. Full name - Open Joint Stock Company "Gazprom". The headquarters is in Moscow.

The capitalization of Gazprom as of November 14, 2013 amounted to $357.93 billion (the third public company in the world).

The discovery of large gas fields in Siberia, the Urals and the Volga region in the 1970s and 1980s made the USSR one of the largest gas producing countries. In 1989, a united ministry was created in the USSR oil and gas industry and new organization- "Gazprom", which was in charge of the search for gas fields, gas production, its delivery and sale. Viktor Chernomyrdin became the head of Gazprom.

In 2001-2003, Vladimir Putin actively reformed the management of Gazprom.

By early 2004, the state owned 38.7% of Gazprom's shares and had a majority on the board of directors. In 2004, Russian President Vladimir Putin promised to join the state company Rosneft to Gazprom. This would bring the state's stake in Gazprom to over 50%, after which all restrictions on the sale of Gazprom's shares abroad would be lifted. Gazprom failed to buy the bankrupt Yukos, instead it was bought by Rosneft.

However, in 2004 the state increased its stake in Gazprom shares to more than 50% by purchasing the missing part of Gazprom shares.

The executive bodies of the Company are the Chairman of the Board of the Company (sole executive body) and the Board of the Company (collective executive body).

Chairman of the Management Board of OAO Gazprom - Alexey Miller

Deputy Chairman of the Board - Alexander Medvedev

The press secretary of the chairman of the board is Sergey Kupriyanov.

The supreme governing body of the company is the general meeting of shareholders. The company is obliged to hold an annual general meeting of shareholders annually. The annual general meeting of shareholders is held not earlier than two months and not later than six months after the end of the financial year. The general meetings of shareholders held in addition to the annual general meetings are extraordinary.

The board of directors of the company carries out general management of the company's activities:

1. Members of the board of directors of the company are elected general meeting shareholders in the manner prescribed federal law"On joint-stock companies" and the charter, for a period until the next annual general meeting of shareholders.

2. Persons elected to the board of directors of the company may be re-elected an unlimited number of times.

3. By decision of the general meeting of shareholders, the powers of the board of directors of the company may be terminated ahead of schedule.

4. The number of members of the board of directors of the company is determined by the general meeting of shareholders, but cannot be less than 9 members.

5. Elections of members of the board of directors of the company are carried out by cumulative voting.

6. The chairman of the board of directors is elected by the members of the board of directors of the company from among them by a majority vote.

8. The board of directors of the company elects the deputy chairman of the board of directors from among the members, by a majority vote of the total number of votes.

9. The board of directors of the company has the right to re-elect its Chairman or his deputy at any time by a qualified majority of votes - at least two-thirds of the votes of the members of the board of directors.

10. The chairman of the board and members of the board of the company are elected by the board of directors of the company for a period of 5 years.

11. The board of directors of the company has the right at any time to decide on the early termination of the powers of the chairman of the board of the company, members of the board of the company and on the formation of new executive bodies.

The competence of the general meeting of shareholders includes:

1. Introduction of amendments and additions to the charter of the company or approval of the charter of the company in a new edition;

2. Reorganization of society;

3. Liquidation of the company, appointment liquidation commission and approval of interim and final liquidation balance sheets;

4. Determination of the quantitative composition of the board of directors of the company, election of its members and early termination their powers;

5. Determining the number, nominal value, category (type) of declared shares and the rights granted by these shares;

6. Increasing the authorized capital of the company by increasing the nominal value of shares, as well as by placing additional shares by private subscription and in other cases;

7. Decreasing the authorized capital of the Company by reducing the par value of shares, by acquiring a part of shares by the company in order to reduce their total number, as well as by redeeming shares acquired or redeemed by the company;

8. Election of members audit commission companies and early termination of their powers;

9. Approval of the company's auditor;

10. Approval of annual reports, annual financial statements, including profit and loss statements of the company, as well as distribution of profits, including payment of dividends, and losses of the company based on the results of the financial year;

11. Determining the procedure for holding a general meeting of shareholders;

12. Splitting and consolidation of shares;

13. Making decisions on the approval of transactions;

14. Making decisions on the approval of major transactions;

15. Acquisition by the company of placed shares;

16. Deciding on participation in holding companies, financial and industrial groups, associations and other associations of commercial organizations;

17. Approval of internal documents regulating the activities of the company's bodies;

18. Issues related to the competence of the general meeting of shareholders cannot be transferred for decision to the board of directors of the company;

19. The General Meeting of Shareholders is not entitled to consider and make decisions on issues that are not within its competence.

Thus, the open joint-stock company "Gazprom" this moment is an largest enterprise on the Russian market and the main supplier of gas products. The main authority in the open joint stock company "Gazprom" is the general meeting of shareholders. The general meeting of shareholders decides the key issues of the open joint stock company. The general meeting of shareholders also appoints the board of directors. The board of directors of the company carries out general management of the activities of the open joint stock company.

Conclusions and offers

So, in this paper, modern organizational and legal forms of enterprises in the Russian Federation were briefly considered, some advantages and disadvantages of legal forms.

Let's make a brief summary of this course work. The state of the entire economy depends on how efficient the activity of enterprises is, what is their financial condition, technological and social "health". The basis of the complex pyramid of the country's economy are enterprises.

An enterprise is an economic unit that has economic and administrative independence determined by law, i.e. the rights of a legal entity, organizational, technical, economic and social unity, due to the commonality of the goals of the activity: the production and sale of goods, works, services and profit.

Enterprises can be classified according to various quantitative and qualitative parameters. The main quantitative parameters are the number of employees and the annual turnover of capital.

In accordance with the criterion of the number of employees, the following are distinguished:

1. Small enterprises, or small businesses (up to 100 people);

2. Medium enterprises, or medium business(up to 500 people);

3. Large enterprises, or big business(over 500 people).

The organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity include the following types:

1. Business partnerships and companies;

2. Limited Liability Company;

3. Company with additional liability;

4. Joint stock company;

5. People's enterprise;

6. Production cooperative;

7. State and municipal unitary enterprises;

8. Associations of business organizations;

9. Simple partnership;

10. Associations of business organizations;

11. Intra-company entrepreneurship;

An entrepreneur can independently choose one or another organizational and legal form. A correctly chosen organizational and legal form can give an entrepreneur the tools to develop his business.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to offer any mathematical model for evaluating the effectiveness of using any property or their combination, since the management processes with a particular property cannot be rigorously described due to the complexity of the content and quantitative uncertainty.

This course work was considered on the example of OAO "Gazprom". Gazprom is currently the largest enterprise on the Russian market and the main supplier of gas products. The main authority in the open joint stock company "Gazprom" is the general meeting of shareholders. The general meeting of shareholders decides the key issues of the open joint stock company. The general meeting of shareholders also appoints the board of directors. The board of directors of the company carries out general management of the activities of the open joint stock company.

Spisok used literature

1. Barinov V.A. Organizational design. Textbook. - Publisher: "INFRA-M", 2011. - 384 p.

2. Batova T.N. Economics of an industrial enterprise: Tutorial/ T.N. Batova, O.V. Vasyukhin, E.A. Pavlova, L.P. Sazhnev. - St. Petersburg State University ITMO, 2011. - 248 p.

3. Volkov O.I. Economics of the enterprise (firm): Textbook / Ed. prof. O.I. Volkova and Assoc. O.V. Devyatkin. - M. INFRA-M, 2012 - 604 p.

4. Voronin S.I. Organizational Design: Textbook. - Voronezh: Publishing House of VGTU, 2012. - 105 p.

5. Ermine L.Ch. Organization, planning and production management. Tutorial. / L.Ch. Ermine, N.I. Novitsky, A.A. Goryushkin. - Publisher: KnoRus, 2010. - 320 p.

6. Gorfinkel V.Ya. Enterprise Economics: Textbook for universities / ed. V.Ya. Gorfinkel, prof. V.A. Shvandar. - M.: UNITI-DANA, 2012. - 670 p.

7. Gruzinov V.P. Enterprise economics: Textbook for universities - M.: Banks and stock exchanges, UNITI, 2012. - 535 p.

8. Ivanov I.N. Organization of production at industrial enterprises. - M.: Infra-M, 2011. - 352 p.

9. Ivanov I.N. Organization of production at industrial enterprises: Textbook - M.: INFRA - M, 2009. - 351 p.

10. Serebrennikov GG Organization of production: Proc. allowance. - Tambov: Tambov Publishing House. state tech. un-ta, 2010. - 96 p.

11. Turovets O.G., V.B. Rodionov, V.N. Rodionova, B.Yu. Serbinovsky. Organization of production at the enterprise. - Rostov n / a: March, 2010. - 464 p.

12. Fatkhutdinov R.A. Production management: Textbook for universities / R.A. Fatkhutdinov. - St. Petersburg: Piter, 2011. - 491 p.

13. Chichkina V.D. Economy industrial enterprises: textbook / V.D. Chichkin. - M.: Knorus, 2010. - 203 p.

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What is the optimal organizational and legal form of an outsourcer - a gas sales company?

Various organizational and legal forms make it possible to solve in different ways such tasks as the regulation of economic activity, the management of technological processes and people, the regulation of the system of internal and external financial relations of participants in the process of providing marketing services. Therefore, taking into account the peculiarities of the gas supply process, the following organizational and legal forms provided for by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation can be considered as an object of analysis: limited liability companies (LLC), open joint-stock companies(OJSC), closed joint-stock companies (CJSC). To select the most appropriate organizational and legal form, we will use the approach outlined in the work of A.N. Oleinik. The organizational and legal form is described as a set of powers, the distribution of powers between the subjects is established, on the basis of some criteria, a rating assessment of organizational and legal forms is made in terms of ensuring the economic activity of the enterprise. The optimal distribution of powers is established using the following criteria.

The results of the ranking of organizational and legal forms indicate that as a mechanism for managing contracts when organizing the supply of natural gas to consumers, such an organizational and legal form as an LLC should be used. Based on the chosen organizational and legal form of the service enterprise, it can be argued that the goals of its activities will be unambiguously determined by the development strategies of the founder company, i.e. The service company is a tool for implementing the strategy of OOO Mezhregiongaz, whose strategy, in turn, is determined by OAO Gazprom.

Before service enterprises the goal was to ensure uninterrupted gas supply, complete and timely payments for gas supplied to industrial consumers and the population of the region. Obviously, their mission is limited to the management of gas supply regimes and the establishment of a system of payments within a particular region, ensuring the timeliness of payments for gas produced by the enterprises of the Gazprom group. The nature of contractual relations for the purchase and sale of gas reveals in the cost structure regional companies opportunity costs of sale, which are not characteristic of them, which prevent full and timely settlements with the gas producer, which is an objective indispensable condition, without which gasification of the region is impossible. In this case we are talking about the need to choose possible schemes of contractual relations in the field of gas supply, since alternative legal relations require different costs both from the outsourcing companies and from the company that transferred the final stage production process providing consumers with network gas domestic market, for outsourcing. This line of research will be developed in the next section.

Organizational legal form of Gazprom. Characteristics of OAO ''Gazprom" and its subsidiaries

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What is the optimal organizational and legal form of an outsourcer - a gas sales company?