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Different types of business and how they are interconnected. Name different types of business

Question 1. What are the goals and sources of wealth? What and how profitable to produce? How to make a profit?

The sources of wealth are: owning a business; real estate and other tangible assets; capital; securities; patents, copyrights.

That is, the sources of income of rich people, their sources of wealth are their assets. Not labor, as in the case of poor people, but assets. Both monetary and material. And these assets bring passive income to rich people. The sources of wealth always involve getting passive income. However, in order to create such a source, personal capital is needed, which, in turn, can only be earned through active labor.

Active profit goes to the business owner with his direct participation in the development of the business system. That is, if the owner of the enterprise ceases to operate, the company will stop and cease to generate income. As a rule, active profit is the initial stage in the transition to the second type - passive profit.

Passive profit comes to a person without his personal participation in office work. For example, you are creating financial asset, which on an ongoing basis begins to bring you money. You can leave your business for an indefinite period of time, and then find it in its former prosperous state. The simplest illustration of a passive type of profit is real estate entrepreneurship: you buy an apartment and rent it out. You can change absolutely nothing in the purchased property, but it will constantly give money.

Question 2. Do you think any "making money" can be considered a business?

The expression "do business" - "make money" is very common. Naturally, not any "making" of money can be considered a business. Enrichment built on deceit or related to the violation of the law has a different name and is a criminal offense. Besides, not everyone who earns money is a businessman.

Business is an honest way of making money. A person who does business is a businessman, an entrepreneur, a business person. Initiative, courage, independence, ability to take risks, knowledge economic laws- these are the qualities that every business person who does business should possess.

Question 3. What can contribute to entrepreneurial success? What qualities of Sytin are important for a modern entrepreneur?

Leadership and analytical qualities. It is necessary to analyze in advance the market of the area in which you are going to do business, and draw up a business plan. Sytin's qualities are important, such as independence and responsibility, prudence, hard work and many other qualities.

Question 4. Think about how the profit of a financial businessman arises. What do the expressions “put money into circulation”, “give money into growth” mean?

Put into circulation - About circulation Money and goods, commercial and industrial operations for the purpose of reproduction, profit.

To lend money in growth is to lend money, for example, $ 1,000, and get back (for borrowing someone) not $ 1,000, but $ 1,010 after some time. This is the last way bankers earn.

Question 5. Why do people do business?

Business is characterized by a variety of relationships - between producers and consumers of goods, business owners and employees, firms and the state. The terms of interaction, the rights and responsibilities of business participants are regulated by contracts, laws and are determined business ethics. In honest business, the parties agree on the rules of conduct and try to comply with them, and entrepreneurial success is associated primarily with moral and ethical, and only then with financial aspects (“... I am the only manufacturer of such a product” or “... no one believed that I can set up this production).

Business has an attractive power not only because of the possibility of obtaining personal benefits. Entrepreneurship forms such valuable personality traits as independence and responsibility, prudence, efficiency, the ability to correlate one's desires with the desires of other people, goals - with means of achievement.

Having started his own business, a person gets a chance to build it from the very beginning, become financially independent, independently manage his own destiny, and bring real benefits to society.

However, real relations in this area are often far from ideal. In practice, one has to deal with the desire of businessmen for easy money, dishonesty, and indifference to public interests. But life shows that businessmen who do not have knowledge and experience, who neglect entrepreneurial ethics, are being replaced by professional entrepreneurs who competently and honestly conduct business for the benefit of themselves and society as a whole.

Question 6. What is the role of entrepreneurship in economic development?

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in the economy, it is closely related to the solution of its main tasks. Everything that an entrepreneur produces (goods, services) is inextricably linked with the life of people, intended for consumption by society. Therefore, it is important that the state and society as a whole help business, create conditions for its development.

Question 7. Name different kinds business. How are they related?

The basis of industrial entrepreneurship is the manufacture of various economic products needed by consumers. The manufacturer needs to know and be able to do a lot in order to organize efficient production. He, as a rule, needs to expend a lot of effort to achieve success. But, despite all the difficulties, it is this type of entrepreneurship that is very important for the economy and society as a whole.

The history of the development of entrepreneurship testifies to the connection between production and trading business. For example, from time immemorial, products made by artisans have been sold.

The basis of commercial entrepreneurship is the purchase and sale of goods. Profit is formed according to the scheme already familiar to you as the difference between revenue and costs. The costs include wages for sellers, delivery and storage of goods, maintenance of the trading premises, etc. The merchant acts according to the rule: bought cheaper - sold more expensive.

A special type of business is financial entrepreneurship. An example would be an entrepreneur lending money for a certain fee. This activity has deep historical roots (remember the well-known Ancient Greece moneylender activities).

All types of business are closely related: manufacturing is followed by commercial entrepreneurship, both require money and are thus related to financial entrepreneurship. Often one entrepreneur is a participant in all three types of business, which undoubtedly affects the results of his activities.

Question 8. How to make a business successful and make a profit?

An example of a successful combination in business of its main types is the activity of the Italian Medici family. Members of this family in the XV century. in Florence they organized the production of cloth, mining, launched trade and money transactions (they offered cheap loans to middle-income people). They did not just accumulate money, but found versatile use for it (they made generous orders to architects, painters)

Question 9. In what forms can a business be organized?

We can talk not only about the types, but also about the forms of business, which differ in the ways of organization, ownership of the resources used (for example, public or private), and the number of participants. The variety of forms of business depends on whether the entrepreneur works independently or combines with other entrepreneurs, uses only his own property or also attracts the property of other persons, uses his labor or labor employees. The following forms of business organization are common: individual enterprise, partnership and joint-stock company.

Sole proprietorship - an enterprise owned and operated by one person (he is the sole owner, but has the right to hire other workers). Due to the ease of creation and management, this is the most common form of business. However, the entrepreneur is personally responsible for the success or failure of the enterprise and is limited in his ability to raise funds.

A partnership is a voluntary association of two or more people to organize their own business. Participants combine their property, abilities and, managing the enterprise, bear collective responsibility for the results of its activities.

A joint stock company is an enterprise owned by the shareholders. In terms of the number of participants and the size of the pooled financial resources, this is the most large enterprise. It is the most expensive and difficult to organize, but it has great opportunities to increase funds and expand the scope of activities.

Question 10. Pick up examples of enterprises that carry out various types of entrepreneurial activity.

Gazprom - production and trade in gas and oil.

VAZ - production and sale of cars.

Question 11. Complete the sentence: “An enterprise created by combining the own funds of several participants for the sake of joint management business is called...

This is a partnership, it can be full and limited.

Question 12. What type of business do the following activities belong to: transporting goods, providing a loan, purchasing a batch of computers, publishing newspapers and magazines, delivering fruit to a store, warranty repair washing machine, selling home-grown vegetables? Write your answer in the form of a table. Complete the table with your own examples different types entrepreneurial activity.

Issue of newspapers and magazines - production; sale of vegetables grown on their own plot - trading; granting a loan - financial; warranty repair of a washing machine - insurance; purchase of a batch of computers, transportation of goods, delivery of fruit to the store - intermediary.

Question 13. In your city (village) is there business people who have not only achieved personal success, but also help to economic development. Prepare a story about them.

Mikhail Valerievich Yurevich (February 13, 1969, Chelyabinsk) is a Russian politician and entrepreneur. Deputy of the State Duma of Russia III and IV convocations. From 2005 to April 2010 - the head of the city of Chelyabinsk. From April 22, 2010 to January 15, 2014 - Governor of the Chelyabinsk Region.

Graduated from the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Chelyabinsk State Technical University with a degree in civil engineering (1992).

While still a student, he organized the company "Temp", engaged in wholesale trade products. In 1993, he became the director of Bakery No. 1. Carried out the reconstruction and modernization of production, organized trading network. Created an association of enterprises "Agro-industrial association "Makfa"". In 1997 he was recognized as the "Person of the Year" as the best organizer industrial production in the city of Chelyabinsk. In 1995-2000, he was the chairman of the boards of directors of Makfa JSC, an agro-industrial holding, which included the Makfa factory, Bakery No. 1, Sosnovsky Bakery Plant, ATP Temp-Avtotech and other enterprises.

Question 14. Here is how the famous American businessman John Rockefeller admonished young people in his book The Art of Getting Rich: “When choosing a vocation in practical activity, provide a solution to your need for the first thought: where can I settle down so that I can most actively use my strength for the benefit of society? Where will my work in the interests of the same society be more effective? With these thoughts, enter into practical life, and your first steps in it will be the first steps towards success!.. That person has the right to count on the greatest success in life, who has shown the greatest merit to the world. Commercial enterprises, serving the masses, will always give income; enterprises that are useless do not and cannot be successful. Is it possible to agree with the author that the absence of selfish goals paves the way to success? Explain your answer.

The absence of selfish goals, of course, affects the path to success. In the absence of greed, a person chooses the direction that is most needed by people, the most in demand, therefore, he himself involuntarily chooses a more profitable part of the life of society, benefiting society and, as a bonus, increased income due to increased demand for this type of service.

Name the different types of insurance services. Agree, such a request can be taken by surprise. How much do you understand about such services? Many are aware that it is necessary to try to secure the car and your life. Modern insurance services, the types of which are constantly growing in number, are represented by a huge list of subspecies than the volume that is familiar to most people.

In addition, a large number of organizations in this industry promote the integration of similar services in all service areas. What does it give? Different types of insurance services are getting closer to the end customer.

Let's take a look at the most popular of them, having previously divided all types into groups.

Personal insurance

The 1st group contains:

Life insurance. A person can enter into a contract for a certain amount. With this type, endowment insurance is more popular. Using this principle, the insured makes deductions every month. Uniformly, in this way, an excellent amount accumulates. If provided for by the contract, then the company can still charge interest on this amount, in other words, this is a kind of deposit that will be paid to the family of the insured person in the event of his death.

From accidents and diseases. If asked, name different types of insurance services that you understand. And don't forget about the insurance that all large organizations use to reduce the risk of loss due to absenteeism or an unfortunate option in production. This type popular both in personal needs and in commercial ones. People try to protect themselves in the event that, due to incidents independent of them, they will not be capable and earn money. There are such types of professions when it will be difficult for a person to protect himself from accidents and diseases: miners, pilots aircraft, military and others. The most important thing is, before signing a contract, to undergo an examination by a doctor and indicate its results in the questionnaire. Otherwise, in the event of an insurance action, the company may simply refuse to pay you, referring to the fact that you hid your diseases from it.

Honey insurance. Considering the types of insurance services in the Russian Federation, we can come to the conclusion that directly such is not popular in the Russian Federation. With all this, it is in some countries of the foreign world indispensable. Monthly deductions in the form of insurance payments are expected.

Accumulation system

When, for example, you need to go to the dentist, the company you choose will pay for the treatment for you. It is very comfortable, besides, not bad healing is quite expensive, and not many people can immediately pay for it. Evenly in the Russian Federation, the number of insurers who signed a contract for honey financial protection, is increasing, but these are mainly people with an income level above the average.

property insurance

In the 2nd group, the following types are distinguished:

Land transport insurance. The most popular of this type are full and partial CASCO. With the registration of CASCO, people may have difficulties. Firstly, it is very precious, and not all cars are suitable, because insurance companies set their own limits on the age and price of the car. If the vehicle is older (mostly they don’t take it if it’s more than 7 years old) or very precious, then not all insurers will want to conclude a contract with you for their services.

Protection air transport. Because air transport is not so common, not all insurers are willing to give cash guarantees for such a vehicle. The amount of payments under contracts for air transport insurance is significantly higher than in the case of a car.

Aqua transport insurance. In the main, such a view is drawn up by the owners of the ships, who wish to protect themselves in case of a shipwreck.

Cargo protection. It is a very popular type of service, which is intensively used in the transport of goods. It is very important to be sure that in case of unsuccessful transportation of valuable cargo Insurance Company assume obligations and pay compensation.

Liability Insurance

The third group includes liability insurance and contains:

Guaranteeing civil liability of owners vehicles. If you are asked to remember the types of insurance in this group, name the different types of insurance services, among which mention “autocitizen”. It is more correct to call such a service civil liability insurance. In companies, it is called OSAGO. According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, the civil liability of the owners of all vehicles must be insured.

Carrier's civil liability insurance. It is also an irresistible sight. In this case, the risk of causing harm or harm to passengers is foreseen. The main thing (which all users of fixed-route taxis and other buses remember) is to always take a ticket for yourself. Since movement without a ticket is prohibited.

That's not all

In fact, if you turn to a professional with the phrase: “Name the different types of insurance services,” then he will remember a much larger number than indicated in this article. In today's world, it is possible to secure some fundamental transactions between corporations, assets, monetary transactions and almost everything else.

With all this, in the process of development, insurance services, the types of which are increasingly associated with deposit and pension offers, are an integral part of society. If the insured event did not happen, then with the accumulative type of service, your funds will simply be returned to you.

Answers:

The activities of entrepreneurs differ in their content. The following types of business can be distinguished: manufacturing, trading, financial, insurance, intermediary. Let's consider the most common of them. The basis of industrial entrepreneurship is the manufacture of various economic products needed by consumers. The manufacturer needs to know and be able to do a lot in order to organize efficient production. He, as a rule, needs to expend a lot of effort to achieve success. But, despite all the difficulties, it is this type of entrepreneurship that is very important for the economy and society as a whole. The history of the development of entrepreneurship testifies to the connection between production and trade business. For example, from time immemorial, products made by artisans have been sold. The basis of commercial entrepreneurship is the purchase and sale of goods. Profit is formed according to the scheme already familiar to you as the difference between revenue and costs. The costs include wages for sellers, delivery and storage of goods, maintenance of the trading premises, etc. The merchant acts according to the rule: bought cheaper - sold more expensive. A special type of business is financial entrepreneurship. An example would be an entrepreneur lending money for a certain fee. This activity has deep historical roots (remember the activity of usurers known since ancient Greece). All types of business are closely related: manufacturing is followed by commercial entrepreneurship, both require money and are thus related to financial entrepreneurship. Often one entrepreneur is a participant in all three types of business, which undoubtedly affects the results of his activities.

Some people think that having money is shameful, others, on the contrary, believe that it is shameful not to have it. What do you think about it? How to achieve life success and prosperity?

What is business

The word "business" is familiar to everyone. For many Russians, business has become the main activity today, some do it in their free time from their main job or study.

Business (entrepreneurship) is an activity aimed at making a profit.

According to Russian laws, every citizen has the right to freely use his abilities and property for entrepreneurial activities. The business formula is simple: you invest in a business and upon its completion you get it back, but with a profit. This is probably where the expression “make money” comes from.

Do you think any "making money" can be considered a business?

A person doing business (businessman, entrepreneur) is distinguished by knowledge of his business, courage, initiative, willingness to take risks for profit. There are always those in society who, despite the difficulties, are ready to invest in a new business.

Exist various ways start your business. For centuries, merchants from different countries bought a cheap product in one place and took it to where it cost more. They were not afraid of difficult paths: waterless deserts, treacherous seas, robbers and pirates. Let us recall at least the spice merchants who, in search of profit, discovered new continents.

Later, the initiative in business passed to those who owned workshops or factories.

A typical figure of the capitalist era has become a man who has his own business. It strives to achieve success through the release of new products, the provision of services, profitable trade. Entrepreneurs began to build factories and factories, lay new trade routes, improve communications, and open banks.

Business is characterized by a variety of relationships - between producers and consumers of goods, business owners and employees, firms and the state. The terms of interaction, the rights and responsibilities of business participants are regulated by contracts, laws and determined by business ethics. In honest business, the parties agree on the rules of conduct and try to comply with them, and entrepreneurial success is associated primarily with moral and ethical, and only then with financial aspects (“... I am the only manufacturer of such a product” or “... no one believed that I can set up this production).

Business has an attractive power not only due to obtaining personal benefits. Entrepreneurship forms such valuable personality traits as independence and responsibility, prudence, efficiency, the ability to correlate one's desires with the desires of other people, goals - with means of achievement.

Having started his own business, a person gets a chance to build it from the very beginning, become financially independent, independently manage his own destiny, and bring real benefits to society.

Business types

The history of the development of entrepreneurship testifies to the connection between production and trade business. For example, from time immemorial, products made by artisans have been sold.

In the following sections of the Social Studies course, you will learn about other forms of financial entrepreneurship (banks, stock exchanges, etc.).

Think about how the profit of a financial businessman arises. What do the expressions “put money into circulation”, “give money into growth” mean?

An example of a successful combination in business of its main types is the activity of the Italian Medici family. Members of this family in the XV century. in Florence they organized the production of cloth, mining, launched trade and money transactions (they offered cheap loans to middle-income people). They did not just accumulate money, but found a variety of uses for it (they made generous orders to architects and painters).

Business Forms

We can talk not only about the types, but also about the forms of business, which differ in the ways of organization, ownership of the resources used (for example, public or private), and the number of participants. Property is the ownership of economic goods (both material and intellectual) by certain persons (individuals, organizations, enterprises, the state). The owner has the right to own, use and dispose of these economic benefits.

Individual business

The variety of forms of business depends on whether the entrepreneur works independently or combines with other entrepreneurs, uses only his own property or also attracts the property of other persons, uses his own labor or the labor of hired workers. The following forms of business organization are common: individual enterprise, partnership and joint-stock company.

Meeting of the board of directors of the company

A joint stock company is an enterprise owned by the shareholders. In terms of the number of participants and the size of the combined financial resources, this is the largest enterprise. It is the most expensive and difficult to organize, but it has great opportunities to increase funds and expand the scope of activities.

Let's check ourselves

Why do people do business?
What is the role of entrepreneurship in economic development?
Name different types of business. How are they related?
How to make a business successful and make a profit?
In what forms can a business be organized?

In class and at home

Learning to create your own business

Entrepreneurship is for the young. American scientists claim that entrepreneurial abilities are revealed at the age of 13-19. Imagine that you have decided to start your own business. First of all, you need to choose the form of entrepreneurship: a sole proprietorship (it is enough to use your own labor) or a collective one (you will have to look for partners). Then you need to choose the type of business. Here are a few options: raise rabbits in the household ( manufacturing business); plant flowers (production) and sell them on the market (trading); disseminate information about goods and services small firms(mediation); provide photography services (production). Assessing your capabilities and interests, try to make a choice. There are no recipes that guarantee success, but some advice should be heeded.

When choosing the type of business, carefully study the product or service that will become the subject of your activity.
When choosing a form of business, evaluate the scale of future activities. For example, some types of trading business, mediation, farming are within the power of a sole proprietorship. In most cases, partnerships are indispensable.
When choosing a type of business, evaluate your financial capabilities. Manufacturing business tends to collective form business. Separate types trading business are feasible and individually.