A leading enterprise in the gas industry. Oil and gas industry The importance of the oil and gas industry for the Russian economy

1. Lukoil

Revenue 4740.2 billion rubles. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vagit Alekperov

Number of personnel: 110,300

Net debt: 406.3 billion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 181.96 billion.

Capitalization: $30.5 billion

Oil and gas

In the mid-2000s, Lukoil was the largest producer in Russia oil company, after the defeat of YUKOS, Vagit Alekperov’s company held the championship for two years, but when most The bankrupt's assets were bought by the state-owned Rosneft, Lukoil came second. Among private oil and gas companies in the world, Lukoil ranks first in proven oil reserves (1% of world hydrocarbon reserves) and second in production (more than 2% of world production). The main resource base is Western Siberia; Lukoil recently began production at the Imilorskoye field, one of the largest in the region. In total, Lukoil discovered 14 new fields in 2014, which was the company’s best result over the past 10 years. Lukoil was in many ways a pioneer of the Russian oil industry. He was the first to work on the shelf, implementing large projects in the Caspian, Baltic and Barents seas. According to a government decision in 2008, only Rosneft and Gazprom were allowed to develop new fields on the shelf. Since then, Lukoil has been lobbying for a revision of this norm. In 2015, Rosneft and Lukoil clashed in a fierce battle for the land part of the East Taimyr shelf. In August, Rosneft began to challenge the results of the competition in court, in which Lukoil won. So far, the court has blocked the transfer of the license to Lukoil. The disputed area is partly located on land, partly covers transit waters and partly extends onto the shelf.

Lukoil, along with other domestic companies, suffered from sectoral sanctions, projects on shale deposits oil of the Bazhenov formation. After the suspension of cooperation with the French Total, Lukoil had to continue its work on its own.

Lukoil is the first among Russian companies went abroad. About a third of capital expenditures now come from foreign projects, which the company is implementing in more than 40 countries. The company faced difficulties outside Russia; at the end of 2014, Lukoil recognized a loss from the impairment of assets in Ukraine for $104 million, and in July 2015, the Romanian prosecutor's office opened cases against six top managers of Petrotel Lukoil subsidiaries (owns a refinery in Romania ) and Lukoil Europe Holdings, accusing them of financial fraud and causing damage to the country's economy. The Romanian court, at the request of the prosecutor's office, seized the property and accounts of Lukoil for a total amount of about €2 billion. Lukoil came to Romania back in 1998. The plant's capacity is 2.4 million tons, the enterprise provides about 1,000 jobs and is one of the largest in the region. Lukoil has been present in Europe for 17 years. There are four oil refineries and a network of gas stations in the EU countries. The total amount of European assets is estimated at $9 billion.

2. Surgutneftegaz

Revenue 890.57 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Surgut

General Director: Vladimir Bogdanov

Number of personnel: 115,507

Net debt: minus 1.9 trillion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 884.8 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 1.5 trillion.

Oil and gas

400 billion rubles. This is how much the volume of deposits in the bank accounts of Surgutneftegaz exceeds its capitalization

Surgutneftegaz is one of the largest Russian vertically integrated oil and gas companies, ranking third in production in Russia (61.4 million tons). It accounts for about 12% of oil production volumes and about 7% of refining volumes. According to company estimates, recoverable oil and gas reserves amount to about 2.5 billion tons of oil equivalent. Surgutneftegaz is the most closed and conservative company in the domestic oil and gas industry. She does not disclose the final ownership structure. OJSC "Surgutneftegas" was founded on the basis property complex of the same name production association in 1993. In 2002, investors learned from a US GAAP report that the company's balance sheet contained about 40% of treasury shares. This was followed by a series of proceedings: minority shareholders demanded that the treasury stake be repaid, as required by law. It was not possible to achieve this, and next time international standards the company reported only for 2012 - after the law obliging Russian public companies publish reports according to IFRS.

Owners of a controlling stake can hide behind several dozen related shares legal entities(financial investments in oil company shares on their balance sheet change from year to year in proportion to the value of Surgut securities). At least some of them were established by decisions of the board of directors of Surgutneftegaz itself (Forbes had the opportunity to study these documents), but it is unclear who owns these structures now. The secrets of Surgut are protected by General Director Vladimir Bogdanov, who has headed the company since 1984, when it was still a Soviet production association.

Surgutneftegaz is one of the richest Russian companies, with about $32 billion (mostly in dollars) in its bank accounts. The company sells $1.5 billion worth of currencies every month to pay contractors. Over the past year, the amount of funds on deposits increased by 45%, to 1.9 trillion rubles, and the amount of interest received on deposits amounted to 58.3 billion rubles. Due to the revaluation of foreign currency assets, the net profit of Surgutneftegaz (according to IFRS) increased almost 3.2 times, to 884.8 billion rubles. The company has no debt, and Surgut is in no hurry to spend its trillion-dollar reserves. On annual meeting Bogdanov said that the company has no plans for purchases. Surgutneftegaz is one of the most generous in the industry. As a rule, it pays shareholders about 20% of net profit under RAS. The total amount of dividend payments in 2014 amounted to 86 billion rubles - twice as much as the year before.

3. Magnet

Revenue 763.5 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar

General Director: Sergey Galitsky

Number of employees: 257,551

Net profit: 47.7 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 85.9 billion

Net Margin: 6.25%

Capitalization: $22.6 billion (LSE)

Trade

479 million people - an increase in the number of Magnit buyers in 2014

“Sorry for another ugly game,” billionaire Sergei Galitsky wrote on Twitter after the match between the Krasnodar football club he founded in 2008 and Kuban, which ended in a draw. In the microblog, the founder and general director of Magnit personally commented on the sensational death of a siege survivor, who was detained by store guards in Kronstadt, accusing her of stealing butter. The old woman died at the police station on February 3, this story caused a lot of noise. But it had virtually no effect on interest in Magnit shares - two days later, Sergei Galitsky sold 1% of the chain’s shares (1 million shares) for 9.8 billion rubles, 20% of the offering was bought by Russian investors.

The financial statements for 2014 are impressive. For the retailer, whose stores, according to a Knight Frank study, turned out to be the most budget-friendly in Moscow, the worsening economic situation means an influx of customers. At the end of 2014, traffic in general across the chain’s stores (Magnit has four different formats) increased by 4.47%.

The company's revenue during the year increased by 31.71%, which is associated not only with an increase in retail space, but also with an increase in comparable sales by 14.47% (including VAT). The total area increased by 19.24%, to 3.6 million square meters. m (1,618 new stores were opened in 2014).

Magnit is the market leader not only in the number of stores and revenue, but also in efficiency. The company continues to improve its logistics - five new distribution centers were opened during the year (27 in total), and the vehicle fleet grew by 361 vehicles (5,938 in total). 86% of goods reach stores through their own distribution centers, which provides the company with a high level for the industry gross margin — 28,88%.

In the summer of 2015, Magnit became the only Russian company in the ranking of the most innovative companies in the world, compiled by the American Forbes. The innovativeness assessment method relies on the instincts of investors choosing business models that can sustainably increase profits in the future. In the case of Magnit, the “innovation premium” is the difference between capitalization and discounted cash flow from existing business— is 57.9% (the retailer took 23rd place in the ranking; Tesla, the leader in the list, has 84.82%).

Galitsky applies innovations not only in retail. The FC Krasnodar stadium under construction is covered with a special cable-stayed roof, and the spectator stands are equipped with an infrared heating system. Construction, which started in 2013, requires a lot of money.

Galitsky did not comment on why he sold shares in May. The company explained that the proceeds would be used to “finance investment project" Most likely, just for the completion of the stadium for 33,000 spectators. According to the plan, the first game on it should take place in October 2015.

4. Vimpelcom

Revenue 757.6 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Amsterdam

CEO: Jean-Yves Charlier

Number of personnel: 56,024

EBITDA: RUB 307.6 billion

Net loss: RUB 26.8 billion.

Capitalization: $8.3 billion (NASDAQ)

Telecommunications

63% drop in Vimpelсom shares on the NASDAQ stock exchange since the beginning of 2014

Vimpelcom unites telecom operators in 14 countries. The company has the largest number of subscribers in Russia - 57.2 million people, with Pakistan (38.5 million) and Bangladesh (30.2 million) in second and third place by the number of subscribers. There are 222 million subscribers in total, the growth compared to 2013 was 2.3% - this is less than in 2013, then the growth was 3.8%.

In April 2015, Vimpelcom, which since the early 2000s has been controlled by Mikhail Fridman’s Alfa Group (owns 56.2%), replaced its chief managing director - instead of Joe Lunder, this post was taken by Jean-Yves Charlier. Lunder has headed Vimpelcom since 2011, and he has been working for the company itself since 1999. The second major shareholder, the Norwegian Telenor (owns about 33%), was dissatisfied with the operational and financial results of Vimpelcom. However, Vimpelcom representatives stated that Lunder left due to at will and this has nothing to do with the situation in the company. Jean-Yves Charlier is also a man from the telecommunications industry, having previously headed the second largest telecom operator in France, SFR.

The majority of Vimpelcom's revenue comes from Russia, but the Russian subsidiary has recently been a problematic asset: revenue fell every quarter, and the gap with the other two largest telecom operators, MTS and Megafon, in terms of the number of subscribers grew. However, at the end of 2014, the situation was finally stabilized - revenue did not fall in the last quarter and the first quarter of 2015, although at the end of 2014 it decreased by 3%, to 282 billion rubles. At the same time, analysts consider even the zero growth of the Russian VimpelCom to be a positive trend.

In 2014, the revenues of the Russian VimpelCom from mobile Internet services grew by 20%, to 38 billion rubles, while revenues from voice communications grew by only 16%. The company's report states that traffic per subscriber in Russia doubled over the year. However, according to this indicator, Russia is only in second place - Italy is in the lead.

As a year earlier, in 2014 Vimpelcom reduced its staff: the number of employees decreased by 1,818 people, which is 3.1%. Most of the reductions affected countries in Africa and Asia - there the staff decreased by 1,843 people, while in Russia the number of employees, on the contrary, increased by more than 1,000 people.

5. X5 Retail Group

Revenue 633.9 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chief Executive Officer: Stephane Ducharme

Number of employees: 117,400

Net debt: RUB 105.4 billion.

Net profit: 12.7 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 45.9 billion

Capitalization: $4.5 billion (LSE)

Trade

5% of the company's revenue came from products that were embargoed in August 2014

Frenchman Stéphane Ducharme, who has headed X5 since 2013, learned Russian in the early 1990s while working at the EBRD. It was then that he first plunged into studying the business plan of Mikhail Fridman’s retail chain: in 1994, the newly created Perekrestok received a $40 million loan from the EBRD. He received an offer to head the retail project when X5, which now includes the Pyaterochka chain ( 69% of the group’s total revenue), Perekrestok (18% of revenue), Karusel (11%) and Perekrestok-Express (2%), experienced problems with management, losing profits, customers and leadership positions in the market. Ducharme immediately began the transformation. As a result, in 2014, retail sales grew by 18.6% - this is the highest growth rate over the past five years.

Over the course of the year, 460 Pyaterochka stores were reconstructed to new standards; after opening, comparable sales for each increased by an average of 25.5%. Pyaterochka's growth figures also turned out to be record-breaking: the number of stores over the year increased by 23% (4,789 in total), retail space increased by 24%.

“Perekrestok” and “Carousel” also changed. The renovation of hypermarkets - interiors, navigation, assortment, employee motivation - gave good dynamics: sales growth after opening compared to the previous year from 14% to 84%, growth in the number of visits - from 8% to 51%. Overall for the company, the increase in attendance compared to 2013 was 10%. The logistics system is also being restructured. To improve the quality of service, distribution centers are now divided by format: some work for discounters, others for supermarkets and hypermarkets.

In 2015, the company bought five regional companies, which will significantly increase the number of stores: in the course of one August transaction alone, X5 acquired 104 stores of the Rosinka group of companies in the Oryol, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Kursk and Tambov regions. In addition, since August 2014, Voentorg-Pyaterochka stores have been opening in military camps together with Voentorg. And in March 2015, an agreement was signed with Rostelecom on the redevelopment of real estate being vacated due to the development of new communication technologies - in total, Pyaterochka will receive about 300 premises for long-term lease. But they had to leave Ukraine - at the end of March 2014, X5 closed all Perekrestoks in this country (out of 13 supermarkets it owned only one).

If in 2013 Stefan Ducharme received as a bonus an amount equal to his annual salary: 42 million rubles, then at the end of 2014 his cash bonus amounted to 108 million rubles.

6. Megapolis Group of Companies

Revenue 507 billion rubles. (IFRS)

President: Alexey Koldunov

Number of personnel: 15,352

Net profit: 13 billion rubles.

Trade

For 40 thousand. the number decreased in 2014 retail outlets with whom the company works directly

The largest wholesaler of tobacco products in Russia under exclusive contracts with Japan Tobacco International, Philip Morris International, Imperial Tobacco Group. In addition, under a long-term distribution agreement, it sells the products of the Baltika Brewing Company; contracts have been signed with large producers of coffee and tea, and Red Bull energy drinks. 92.2% of the group’s turnover comes from cigarettes, 5.6% from beer. The owners of Megapolis, Igor Kesaev and his former teacher at MGIMO, Sergei Katsiev, began selling cigarettes in the early 1990s and quickly brought the company to a leading position.

In 2011, Megapolis planned an IPO, but due to the growing anti-tobacco campaign (increasing excise taxes on cigarettes, banning the sale of tobacco products in kiosks and stalls), the entry into the public market was postponed.

At the end of 2013, the tobacco business of Igor Kesaev and Sergei Katsiev was assessed internationally - tobacco giants Japan Tobacco Inc (JTI) and Philip Morris International (PMI) announced the purchase of 40% of Megapolis Group of Companies for $1.5 billion - the entire company was valued at $3.75 billion.

Four years ago, the company began buying up Ukrainian tobacco distributors and in three years essentially became a monopolist in the sale of tobacco products in Ukraine. After the change of power in Kyiv, Ukrainian media accused the Russian company of using a monopoly position, which led to a significant increase in prices for tobacco products, an increase in smuggling and counterfeiting. One of the top managers of Megapolis, in an interview with Forbes, admitted that the situation with business in Ukraine was tense, but after a series of negotiations on the ground, everything was stabilized.

In April 2015, Megapolis co-owner Sergei Katsiev stepped down from management and was replaced as president by Financial Director Alexey Koldunov, who has been working in the company since its founding.

Now Megapolis controls about 70% of the Russian tobacco market; its branch network has grown over the year from 250 to 330 units, but the number of retail outlets with which the company works directly has decreased from 200,000 to 160,000.

Legislative restrictions on the sale of cigarettes forced the owners of Megapolis to create their own specialized network. Small Omega Cash & Carry retail outlets opened throughout the country in 2014; by the fall of 2015, the network had more than 100 stores selling tobacco products in small wholesale.

This is not the first attempt by the owners of Megapolis to engage in their own retail. In 2012 they created commercial network"Bristol", the main assortment of which was cigarettes and alcohol. At the beginning of 2015, the chain already had about 1,400 stores; in May, it was announced that 31.5% of Bristol was being sold to Dixie Group, 54.4% of the shares of which also belonged to the co-owners of Megapolis.

7. Evraz

Revenue 504.2 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: London

General Director: Alexander Frolov

Number of personnel: 94,823

Net debt: RUB 224.4 billion.

Net loss: RUB 49.3 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 126 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

28% increase in Evraz EBITDA from 2013 to 2014

8. Tatneft

Revenue 476.4 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Almetyevsk

General Director: Nail Maganov

Number of employees: 76,000

Net debt: minus 12.75 billion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 97.7 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 691.6 billion.

Oil and gas

13% of income consolidated budget Tatarstan in 2014 accounts for revenues from Tatneft

The Tatarstan government controls Tatneft through the Svyazinvestneftekhim company, which owns 36% of its voting shares. In addition, the government of the republic has a “golden share” (it gives veto power on key governance issues). The board of directors is headed by the President of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov. Tatneft ranks fifth in oil production among domestic companies (26.5 million tons in 2014). In 2013, Tatneft changed its general director. The place of 68-year-old Shafagat Takhautdinov, who led Tatneft for about 14 years, was replaced by his first deputy Nail Maganov, whose brother works as the first executive vice president of Lukoil, the largest private Russian company by revenue. Takhautdinov left a promising legacy, including the new Taneco refinery, capable of processing high-sulfur oil (launched in 2012), and foreign projects in Syria and Libya, suspended due to military conflicts. Foreign projects are important for Tatneft due to the depletion of its fields in the republic. Tatarstan contains 36% of all Russian reserves of ultra-viscous oil - bitumen, and the company is developing new technologies, increasing its production at the Ashalchinskoye field. In 2015-2017, Tatneft will invest 100 billion rubles to increase the annual production of ultra-viscous oil to 2 million tons (7.5% of the current annual oil production volume, now this share is less than 1%). For this she created a package own technologies from more than 60 international patents. Since 2007, Tatneft’s bitumen deposits have been subject to a zero mineral extraction tax rate; since 2012, a 90% discount on export duties has been added until 2022, as well as regional benefits on income and property taxes and zero land payments. Tatneft is also developing technologies for the production of shale oil, the recoverable resources of which were estimated at the beginning of 2014 at approximately 192 million tons. In 2014, the company put 30 million tons of such oil on the state balance sheet. Tatneft, unlike other large Russian oil and gas companies, not only produces and processes oil into petroleum products, but also produces tires. The company has several subsidiaries, including Nizhnekamskshina, one of the largest manufacturers in the country. In 2014, the products of Tatneft tire factories occupied 27% of the Russian market in physical terms.

9. Norilsk Nickel

Revenue 456 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Potanin

Number of personnel: 81,855

Net debt: RUB 136.5 billion.

Net profit: RUB 77.2 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 1.641 trillion.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Norilsk Nickel had to write off $6.5 billion due to the sale of unprofitable assets in Australia and Africa

Just a few years ago, the world's largest producer of nickel and palladium, MMC Norilsk Nickel, was bursting at the seams due to a long-term corporate conflict between its shareholders - Vladimir Potanin's Interros and Oleg Deripaska's UC Rusal, who tried to maintain control over the company with varying degrees of success. The confrontation between them began in 2008 as a result of the “divorce” of Interros partners Potanin and Mikhail Prokhorov and ended only in 2013 with the signing of a settlement agreement with the participation of Roman Abramovich, who acted as a “white knight”. As a result, the fund of Abramovich and his Evraz partner Alexander Abramov Crispian became the owner of 5.87% of Norilsk Nickel shares, the largest stake with 30.03% remained with Interros, Rusal retained 27.82% of the shares. Shareholders agreed to pay $8 billion in dividends over three years and another $1 billion after the sale of non-core assets, and Potanin was appointed CEO of Norilsk Nickel.

The reconciliation benefited everyone. At the end of 2014, the capitalization of the mining and metallurgical complex grew by 15% in dollar terms, Potanin for the first time topped the rating of the richest Russian businessmen in terms of Forbes version. But despite these successes, Norilsk Nickel is experiencing the same difficulties as other mining and metallurgical companies - prices and demand for their products are declining. Potanin is trying to maneuver and looking for ways to improve business efficiency. Norilsk Nickel has already parted with unprofitable assets in Australia and Africa, is about to close the old nickel plant in Norilsk and has placed its bets on its enterprises in Taimyr and in Murmansk region. According to MMC management, the company is able to show EBITDA margins above 40% and provide a stable level of return on investment for more than 20 years.

Norilsk Nickel's dividend policy had to be adjusted. Currently, the company's shareholders are paid 50% of EBITDA, but not less than $2 billion annually. According to Potanin, in order to fulfill the terms of the settlement agreement concluded between Interros, Rusal and the Crispian fund, a couple of billion dollars more remain to be paid. Shareholders responded to the company's difficulties with understanding; they recognize that in a falling market, Norilsk Nickel is one of the most attractive assets. In a conversation with Forbes in the spring of 2015, Oleg Deripaska called MMC “the best Russian company in this moment"and emphasized that he has no questions for Potanin regarding the management of Norilsk Nickel.

10. Bashneft

Revenue 438.3 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Ufa

General Director: Alexander Korsik

Number of employees: 33,300

Net debt: RUB 114 billion.

Net profit: 43 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 298 billion.

Oil and gas

140 million tons of proven oil reserves of the fields named after. Trebs and Titov, the license for which belongs to Bashneft

In December 2014, the main owner of the fifth largest domestic oil company, Bashneft (17.8 million tons), changed. The controlling stake previously owned by Vladimir Yevtushenkov's Sistema JSFC became federal property. The basis was a court decision on the illegal privatization of companies in the Bashkir fuel and energy complex. Proceedings over the legality of the privatization of Bashneft and its four refineries have continued since 2005. In 2002, the enterprises, later merged into Bashneft, were privatized in favor of individuals, and then transferred to Bashkir Capital LLC, the owner of which was considered Ural Rakhimov, the son of the then President of Bashkortostan Murtaza Rakhimov. In 2003, the Accounts Chamber called the result of this privatization “an unprecedented case of theft of assets from federal property.” However, there were no legal consequences then. In 2005, blocking stakes in companies in the Bashkir fuel and energy complex were bought by AFK Sistema, and the remaining shares were transferred to four charitable foundations, from whom Sistema bought them in 2009, receiving controlling stakes. In total, Sistema spent about $2.5 billion on these transactions. Rakhimov Jr. has since spent almost all his time abroad, and Rakhimov Sr. left the post of president of Bashkiria in 2010. Having gained control over the Bashkir fuel and energy complex, Sistema transferred Bashneft and its refineries to a single share, and until recently the oil segment accounted for about half of the holding’s consolidated revenue.

In 2010, Bashneft received a license for large fields named after. Trebs and Titov, one of the last remaining in the unallocated subsoil fund. The main competitors - Lukoil, TNK-BP and Gazprom Neft - also submitted applications for the competition, but in addition to Bashneft, only Surgutneftegaz was allowed to participate in the tender. A year later, Bashneft created the Bashneft-Polyus joint venture to develop fields with Lukoil. The transfer of the license to this joint venture caused a number of claims from Rosnedra and lawsuits from minority shareholders of Bashneft, which are still being considered (in the Supreme Court). In March 2014, Bashneft, having paid $1 billion, beat Rosneft and Gazprom Neft in the tender for the purchase of Tyumen Burneftegaz with reserves of more than 50 million tons of oil.

In mid-July, 81.67% of Bashneft controlled by Sistema were arrested in a criminal case, and on September 16, Yevtushenkov was placed under house arrest on charges of laundering funds during the purchase of Bashneft in 2009. He remained under arrest for three months, during which time Sistema’s capitalization decreased sixfold. The Moscow Arbitration Court took a month to consider and satisfy the claim of the Prosecutor General's Office to return the oil company to state ownership.

11. MTS

Revenue: RUB 410.8 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Andrey Dubovskov

Number of personnel: 66,870

OIBDA: RUB 175.5 billion

Net debt: RUB 283 billion.

Net profit: RUB 51.8 billion.

Capitalization: $7.7 billion

Telecommunications

MTS remains the largest Russian telecom operator; at the end of 2014 the company had 74.6 million subscribers (0.7 million subscribers less than a year earlier). MTS is actively developing its own chain of stores - the company is unable to establish relations with Euroset and Svyaznoy. At the end of 2014, the operator had more than 4,200 stores. For AFK Sistema Vladimir Yevtushenkov, the largest shareholder of MTS, the operator is a key source of money. Especially after Bashneft had to be handed over to the state. And MTS does not forget about its shareholders: in 2014, almost all of its profits were allocated to dividends - a record 51.2 billion rubles.

12. UMMC Group

Revenue: 407 billion rubles. (grade)

Headquarters: Verkhnyaya Pyshma

General Director: Andrey Kozitsyn

Number of employees: 60,000

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The largest copper producer in Russia, owned by billionaires Iskander Makhmudov and Andrey Kozitsyn, has been disclosing its financial results for the last two years, taking into account not only metallurgical but also coal assets (the largest of them is Kuzbassrazrezugol). In 2013, UMMC's revenue increased significantly, to 416 billion rubles compared to 195 billion rubles a year earlier. According to Forbes, UMMC's revenue at the end of 2014 remained almost unchanged and amounted to 407 billion rubles.

13. NLMK

Revenue: RUB 401.3 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Lipetsk

President: Oleg Bagrin

Number of personnel: 60,100

Net debt: RUB 61.4 billion.

Net profit: RUB 32.6 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 468 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

2014 turned out to be successful for NLMK: EBITDA grew by 58%, net profit by 4.5 times. The successes are related to exchange rate differences - NLMK receives most of its revenue in foreign currency. In 2014, the company announced a new dividend policy. From now on, dividends to shareholders will be paid quarterly. When the net debt/EBITDA ratio is less than or equal to 1, the payment amount should be in the range from 50% of net profit to 50% of free cash flow; with a worse ratio - from 30% to 30%, respectively. The President of NLMK has already stated that based on the results of 2015, the company can pay shareholders more. According to him, the financial situation “allows.”

14. UC Rusal

Revenue: RUB 361.2 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Deripaska

Number of personnel: 61,235

Net debt: RUB 341.1 billion.

Net profit: RUB 11.3 billion.

Capitalization: 52.1 billion Hong Kong dollars (HKEX)

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The devaluation of the ruble benefited UC Rusal; the company showed an annual profit of $293 million for the first time since 2011. The management even considered whether to pay dividends to shareholders for the first time in six years, but the board of directors has not yet made a final decision on this issue. Despite the good financial results of 2014, Rusal President Oleg Deripaska sensibly assesses the situation: firstly, the company still has a large debt load, and secondly, the next two years, according to his forecasts, will be difficult due to the fall in world prices for aluminum .

15. Sibur Holding

Revenue: RUB 361 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Konov

Number of employees: 25,000

Net debt: RUB 178.64 billion.

Net profit: 25 billion rubles.

Petrochemistry

The leader in associated petroleum gas processing has 26 sites in Russia where polymers, synthetic rubbers and plastics are produced. Until 2011, the company was controlled by Gazprombank, then Leonid Mikhelson and Gennady Timchenko became its owners. In September 2014, Timchenko sold a 17% stake in the holding to board member Kirill Shamalov (his share increased to 21.3%), reducing his stake to 15%. The controlling stake in the company remains with Leonid Mikhelson, 13% belongs to the current and former managers of the holding. In the spring of 2014, Timchenko and Kirill Shamalov’s father Nikolai were included in the EU and US sanctions lists as businessmen who are part of the “inner circle” of President Putin.

16. Novatek

Revenue: RUB 357.64 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board: Leonid Mikhelson

Number of personnel: 6749

Net debt: RUB 204 billion.

Net profit: 35 billion rubles.

Capitalization: $28 billion (LSE)

Oil and gas

Novatek is the second gas production company in Russia after Gazprom (2 billion cubic meters in 2014) and the fifth in the world in terms of proven reserves (1.75 trillion cubic meters). The main owners are founder Leonid Mikhelson (24.8%), Gennady Timchenko (23.5%), French Total (19%) and Gazprom (10%). Novatek is the only non-state company that has the right to independently export liquefied gas. In 2014, net profit according to IFRS decreased three times, the investment program for 2015 was reduced by 15%, to 50 billion rubles. In the summer of 2014, Timchenko and Novatek came under American sanctions. Since then, Novatek has paid $740,000 to lobby the US Senate for sanctions relief, but has been unsuccessful.

17. Severstal

Revenue: RUB 315.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Cherepovets

General Director: Vadim Larin

Number of employees: 52,000

Net debt: RUB 58 billion.

Net loss: RUB 61.8 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 579.2 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

At the end of 2014, Severstal reported an increase in EBITDA of 21.2%, to $2.2 billion, but at the same time showed a net loss of $1.6 billion. The company explains the loss by losses from exchange rate differences and “other non-monetary factors.” At the same time, management assured shareholders that the company will continue to demonstrate stable long-term growth. So far, Severstal of Alexei Mordashov, who replaced the CEO position with the post of Chairman of the Board of Directors in the spring of 2015, looks better than many metallurgical companies thanks to its low debt load.

18. Megaphone

Revenue: RUB 314.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Ivan Tavrin

Number of personnel: 30,854

OIBDA: RUB 138.5 billion

Net debt: RUB 136.2 billion.

Net profit: RUB 36.7 billion.

Capitalization: $7.8 billion

Telecommunications

Megafon remains the second largest telecom operator in Russia, but the gap with MTS is narrowing: 72.2 million versus 74.6 million subscribers. At the same time, Megafon is actively developing its subsidiary operator Yota (Skartel), acquired in 2013. In July 2014, Megafon became the owner of 50% of the Euroset retailer. The other owner is VimpelCom. In fact, the operator bought Scartel and its share in Euroset from the structures of its main shareholder Alisher Usmanov. And the billionaire increased his stake in Megafon by purchasing the stake of the company’s CEO Ivan Tavrin.

19. MMK

Revenue: RUB 302.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Magnitogorsk

General Director: Pavel Shilyaev

Number of employees: 46,500

Net debt: RUB 77 billion.

Net loss: RUB 1.7 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 232.3 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

The devaluation of the ruble allowed MMK to reduce its debt burden by $1 billion at the end of 2014 and reduce its net loss by 55 times - from $2.4 billion to $44 million. On the other hand, if the ruble exchange rate had not fallen, the annual net profit could have been $578 million In the summer of 2015, MMK, like many other metallurgical companies, decided to revise its dividend policy. The Board of Directors approved payments of at least 20% of net profit under IFRS once every six months. In 2012 and 2013, shareholders received no dividends at all, and in 2014 they received them for only nine months.

20. Group T Plus

Revenue: RUB 297.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow region.

General Director: Boris Vainzikher

Number of employees: 49,300

Net debt: RUB 130 billion.

Net profit: 35 billion rubles.

Electrical energy

T Plus (formerly IES Holding) owns more than 7% of the installed capacity of all power plants in Russia. The holding occupies about 10% of the heat supply market. In 2014, the energy assets of Viktor Vekselberg and partners (TGC-5, TGC-6, TGC-9, Orenburg TGC, repair and electricity sales enterprises) were consolidated by merging with Volzhskaya TGC. By the beginning of 2015, the total debt of consumers to the holding for heat reached 44 billion rubles. The energy holding's net debt at the end of 2014 amounted to 130 billion rubles and exceeded EBITDA by 5.2 times.

21. Mechel

Revenue: RUB 247.3 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Oleg Korzhov

Number of employees: 67,880

Net debt: RUB 261.5 billion.

Net loss: RUB 166 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 25.5 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

2014 could have turned out to be the most dramatic year in his life for Mechel founder and owner Igor Zyuzin. It seemed that Mechel, which had spent billions of dollars in loans to purchase metallurgical and coal assets and had become the most heavily indebted Russian company, was about to die and be divided into parts. But it worked out: having resisted the onslaught of creditors, Zyuzin agreed with Gazprombank on restructuring, a similar agreement is being prepared with VTB, and the debt to Sberbank can be bought out before the end of the year. However, Mechel is still far from a final recovery. It may take years to reduce the debt burden to comfortable levels.

22. Metalloinvest

Revenue: RUB 247 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Varichev

Number of employees: 42,600

EBITDA: RUB 75.7 billion

Net debt: RUB 161.5 billion.

Net profit: 2.5 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

Metalloinvest unites the metallurgical and mining assets of the USM holding of billionaire Alisher Usmanov. Metalloinvest's revenue in rubles increased, in dollar terms the decline continued - at the end of 2014 the worst figure was achieved in the last five years. The situation on the market is not the best now: iron ore prices have fallen by 28% over the year. Metalloinvest sells most of its iron ore products in Russia; sales volumes here have not changed. In the second largest market, Europe, sales increased by 1.1 million tons. However, the growth was offset by a sharp drop in sales in Asia.

23. TMK

Revenue: RUB 230.4 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Shiryaev

Number of personnel: 43,373

Net debt: RUB 114.6 billion.

Net loss: RUB 8.4 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 51.9 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

TMK is a leading Russian manufacturer of steel pipes, created in the early 2000s by the owner of the Sinarsky Pipe Plant Dmitry Pumpyansky and co-owners of the MDM group Sergey Popov and Andrey Melnichenko. By 2006, Pumpyansky bought out the partners' shares in TMK and held an IPO in London. He now owns 67.75% of the company's shares. 2014 turned out to be a difficult year for TMK. The company showed a loss of $217 million and will not pay dividends for the year. In the winter of 2015, TMK's long-time partner Rusnano became a shareholder of the company, purchasing a 5.48% stake.

24. Dixie

Revenue: RUB 229 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Ilya Yakubson

Number of employees: 40,000

Net debt: RUB 25.1 billion.

Net profit: 4.5 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 16.3 billion

Capitalization: RUB 37.2 billion.

Trade

Over the course of the year, the company faced the same problems as all retailers. After the introduction of the food embargo, we had to urgently look for a replacement for more than 1,000 items (as a result, the share of Russian suppliers increased by 10%). The ruble fell, prices rose, the prosecutor's office checked the traders. In 2014, Dixy for the first time released socially significant products under its new own brand “First Things First” - bread, eggs, dairy and meat gastronomy; set a markup of less than 5% on some products. Over the year, the increase in prices on shelves lagged behind the increase in purchase prices for the main consumer basket by 4.6%, and overall by 2.2%. Revenue in rubles for 2014 grew by 26.9%, in dollars - by only 5.2%.

25. Stroygazmontazh

Revenue: RUB 225 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Kirilenko

Number of employees: 27,000

Construction

The Stroygazmontazh company was created in 2008 on the basis of five Gazprom construction contractors purchased by Arkady Rotenberg. In the spring of 2014, Stroygazmontazh and Arkady Rotenberg were included in US sanctions lists. After this, the businessman sold most of his assets to his son Igor, leaving himself 83% of Stroygazmontazh (and at the end of 2014 he became the sole owner) and 49% of SMP Bank. In January 2015, Stroygazmontazh received a general contract for the construction of a road and railway bridge across the Kerch Strait connecting Crimea and Kuban, worth 228 billion rubles.

26. Avtotor

Revenue: RUB 203.7 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Valery Gorbunov

Number of personnel: 3402

Mechanical engineering

Avtotor has been operating under the benefits of the Special Economic Zone of the Kaliningrad Region since 1997. In 2014, it produced cars of five global brands - BMW, Cadillac, KIA, Opel, Chevrolet.

In 2014, according to the company’s founder, former Soviet Deputy Prime Minister Vladimir Shcherbakov, Avtotor produced 186,429 cars, almost 60,000 less than in 2013. In February 2015, she stopped cooperating with the company General Motors(GM), in the spring the American corporation announced its withdrawal from the Russian market. Avtotor's capacity is designed to produce 250,000 cars per year, 130,000 of which were produced for GM.

27. Eurochem

Revenue: RUB 196.4 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Strezhnev

Number of employees: 22,000

Net debt: $2.68 billion

Net loss: $578 million

Fertilizers

The EuroChem holding is the country's largest fertilizer producer, occupying about 2% of the world market. The company was created in 2001 by the owners of the MDM group, billionaires Andrei Melnichenko and Sergei Popov. Five years later, the partners divided the business, and Eurochem went to Melnichenko, who now owns 92.2%. In March, it became known that EuroChem management postponed the decision to build a $1.5 billion plant in Louisiana, where a plot of 870 hectares had already been purchased. Eurochem continues to develop new potash deposits in the Urals and Volga region with approved potassium reserves of more than 10 billion tons.

28. Siberian Coal Energy Company

Revenue: RUB 195 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Rashevsky

Number of employees: 31,400

The largest coal company in Russia. In 2014, SUEK enterprises accounted for 27.5% of all-Russian coal production - 98.9 million tons. The main markets besides Russia are China, Great Britain, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Germany. International sales volumes increased by 8% and amounted to 45.6 million tons. In 2015, SUEK plans to increase production by 10%. The main owner of the company created in 2001 is Andrey Melnichenko, he owns 92.2% (another 7.8% belongs to SUEK General Director Vladimir Rashevsky).

29. Tape

Revenue: RUB 194 billion.

CEO: Jan Dunning

Number of personnel: 35,100

Net debt: RUB 59.2 billion.

Net profit: RUB 9.1 billion.

EBITDA: RUB 21.3 billion

Capitalization: $3.3 billion (LSE)

Trade

Lenta managed to raise $952 million during its IPO on London stock exchange in February 2014, jumping into the last carriage. Then there was a referendum in Crimea, sanctions, military actions in Donbass, devaluation of the ruble... IPOs of other retailers planned for 2014 - “ Children's world” and the Russian “daughter” of Metro AG - never took place. After the IPO, Lenta opened 31 new hypermarkets and 14 supermarkets, sales in existing stores increased by 10.6%, revenue by 34.5%. 90% of total revenue comes from sales of the loyalty card, which is actively used by 6.5 million people.

Revenue: RUB 188.2 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Krasnogorsk

General Director: Sergey Raskolov

Number of personnel: 8884

Trade

Merlion is the largest distributor of electronics in Russia, but its owners are unknown to the general public. Businessman Alexey Sonk founded Merlion in 1992, and in 2007 he sold the business to a group of investors who prefer to keep a low profile. Affiliate network Merlion has 5,500 companies in Russia and the CIS. The company has a portfolio of more than 450 brands and 300 direct distribution agreements. Merlion owns the retail chains "Citilink" and "Positronika", the service centers "Chain of Computer Clinics", the distributor of office furniture "Bureaukrat", the manufacturer computer equipment iRU.

31. M.Video

Revenue: RUB 172.2 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Tynkovan

Number of employees: 18,000

Net profit: 8 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 12.9 billion

Capitalization: RUB 35.5 billion.

Trade

Market household appliances and electronics were in a fever from currency fluctuations more than grocery retail. Nevertheless, M.Video’s revenue grew by 16% over the year. Panic buying sentiment at the end of 2014 ensured record sales: in November, sales increased by 47%, in December - by 70%. In a crisis, are buyers looking for cheaper prices? M.Video continued to implement its integrated sales strategy (Omni-Channel). As a result, with an increase in online sales by 90%, sales with pickup of the ordered online product from stores were twice as high as home delivery. There are currently 368 hypermarkets in the network, 39 of which were opened in 2014.

32. TNS energy

Revenue: RUB 172 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Arzhanov

Number of personnel: 8000

Net debt: RUB 16.3 billion.

Net profit: 4.5 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 17.8 billion.

Electrical energy

TNS Energo is the largest private energy trader. It was created in 2003 as a company of one client: it sold electricity to all Transneft enterprises. By 2012, the company bought stakes in eight sales companies in the country, and in 2013 underwent rebranding, changing the name “Transneftservice S” to “TNS Energy”. Now it manages 10 energy sales companies serving consumers in 11 regions of Russia. In June 2015, TNS Energy placed 15% of its shares on the Moscow Exchange. 75% of the shares of TNS Energo belong to its general director Dmitry Arzhanov.

33. Quatrain

Revenue: RUB 169.9 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

General Director: Leonid Konobeev

Net profit: $69.3 million

Trade

The largest pharmaceutical holding in Russia in terms of revenue, its main business is wholesale supplies of medicines. The company has 27 branches and delivers medicines to 85 regions of Russia. "Katren" belongs to the "Melody of Health" chain (more than 500 pharmacies). The company was founded in 1993 by Leonid Konobeev and Vladimir Spiridonov. After the 1998 crisis, Katren went beyond Novosibirsk region and within a year opened two dozen regional warehouses. By 2007, it became the third distributor in the Russian market in terms of gross sales. In 2000 and 2012, the capital of Katren included the EBRD. The company controls the Ukrainian drug distributor Venta.LTD (less than 10% of the entire holding’s revenue for 2014).

34. Protek

Revenue: RUB 156.9 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vadim Muzyaev

Number of personnel: 12,150

Net debt: RUB 3.7 billion.

Net profit: 4.8 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 5.3 billion

Capitalization: RUB 25.5 billion.

Trade

The Russian pharmaceutical market in 2014 grew by 10.1%, the consolidated revenue of the Protek group - by 12.7%. The fastest growing sectors were the retail division (by 21.6%) and the manufacturing segment (17.4%). The Rigla network has increased by 210 pharmacies over the year, and low-price pharmacies “Be Healthy!” are also actively developing. and "Zhivika". Sales per 1 sq. m grew by 6.2% over the year. Protek's three production sites produce 79 own brands, which account for 58.2% of sales in this segment. Revenue from the distribution of medicines, with which the company began in 1990, grew by 11.3% over the year, and the warehouse area reached 161,500 sq. m. m.

35. OilGasIndustry

Revenue: RUB 156 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar

General Director: Alexey Gladkov

Number of personnel: 1206

Net debt: RUB 42.3 billion.

Oil and gas

In 2010, NefteGazIndustriya former leader Vladimir Kogan's State Construction Committee acquired the Afipsky Refinery from Oleg Deripaska's structures for $300 million. In 2013, the company signed a five-year contract with Rosneft for the supply of raw materials, and Transneft completed the construction of a pipe that connects the refinery with its oil pipeline system. After the modernization completed in 2014, the plant’s refining capacity increased by 62%, to 6 million tons of oil per year (5.9 million tons were actually processed). The company has its own oil products terminal 130 km away in the port of Novorossiysk, through which the products are exported.

Revenue: RUB 151.9 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Heigo Kera

Number of personnel: 26,782

Net debt: RUB 26.3 billion.

Net profit: RUB 5.2 billion.

EBITDA: RUB 11.3 billion

Capitalization: $500 million (LSE)

Trade

The company changed management in April. American Tony Mayer lost his seat to Estonian Heigo Kera. Two of the company's founders, Dmitry Korzhev and Dmitry Troitsky, knew Mayer well from the time he sold his Multon juice company to Coca-Cola. But shareholders were unlikely to like the results of 2014: store trading revenue decreased by 0.2%, traffic fell by 4.2%. And although the average check increased by 7.8%, people began to buy less: the number of goods per visit decreased by 3.4%. At the same time, the company's expenses increased to 19.2% of revenue. Marketing costs increased the most (by 60%): to attract visitors, the company carried out several large-scale promotions.

37. Mostotrest

Revenue: RUB 150.5 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Vlasov

Number of personnel: 29,343

Net profit: 6.1 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 23.7 billion.

Construction

This spring, NPF Blagosostoyanie, controlled by Russian Railways, increased its stake in Mostotrest by buying out the share of Igor Rotenberg and Globaltrans partners Konstantin Nikolaev, Nikita Mishin and Andrey Filatov. Mostotrest's order portfolio grew in 2014 by 100 billion rubles, to 352 billion rubles. The company won large contracts and built transport interchanges and a backup of Kurortny Prospekt for Sochi. It is building the 4th transport ring in Moscow and the Moscow-St. Petersburg highway, facilities on the M-4 Don, M-9 Baltia, and M-11 Narva highways. Mostotrest participated in the reconstruction of the airport in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Moscow Vnukovo. Profit in 2014 increased 2.7 times, dividends were paid for 2 billion rubles.

38. Russneft

Revenue: RUB 149.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Gordeev

Number of employees: 21,000

Net debt: RUB 253.5 billion.

Net loss: RUB 101.1 billion.

Oil and gas

RussNeft is one of the largest oil and gas companies in Russia. Among the industry leaders, it was the only one that was created from scratch, and not during privatization in the 1990s. Swiss trader Glencore helped Mikhail Gutseriev buy several small oil companies in 2002-2003, who became a shareholder in a number of Russneft subsidiaries (with stakes ranging from 40% to 49%). In March 2015, Gutseriev said that Glencore would exchange shares of its subsidiaries for shares of the parent company. In May, the FAS agreed on a deal: the Swiss trader will receive 46% of RussNeft. Next up is the merger of Russneft with Neftisa, another oil company owned by Gutseriev.

Revenue: RUB 149.8 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Oleg Smirnov

Number of personnel: 6011

Trade

The second largest (after Megapolis) tobacco distributor in Russia works under an exclusive agreement with British American Tobacco. The company of Oleg Smirnov and Sergei Nesterenko was created in 1992; in 2000, the partners decided to focus on promoting British American Tobacco products. SNS broke off relations with other cigarette manufacturers and a year later received the status of the sole distributor of BAT Russia. In 2014, this key partner of SNS produced 65.9 billion cigarettes in Russia, the market share of BAT Russia reached 21.3%. SNS now supplies tobacco products to 230,000 retail outlets throughout the country.

40. Stroygazconsulting

Revenue: RUB 140 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Stanislav Anikeev

Number of employees: 65,950

Construction

The revenue of the company, founded by Ziyad Manasir and now owned by Gazprombank and Ilya Shcherbovich’s UCP fund, decreased by almost half in 2014. Despite the fact that Stroygazconsulting was headed by Stanislav Anikeev, a native of Gazprom, the company still fails to gain access to contracts from the gas monopoly. In the spring of 2014, its subsidiary SGK Avtostrada won the right to build the first section of the Central Ring Road worth 48 billion rubles, but was unable to obtain a bank guarantee and begin work, so the contract was transferred to Crocus International of Aras Agalarov.

41. Transmashholding

Revenue: RUB 140 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Kirill Lipa

Number of employees: 52,700

Net debt: RUB 15 billion.

Net profit: 10 billion rubles.

Mechanical engineering

Iskander Makhmudov, the main owner of UMMC-Holding, began collecting machine-building plants to Transmashholding in 2002, and now TMH is the largest company in the industry, uniting one and a half dozen manufacturers of rolling stock for railway and metro. The main part of the holding's revenue comes from orders from Russian Railways for electric locomotives, diesel locomotives, electric trains and passenger carriages. Makhmudov and his companion Andrey Bokarev became No. 1 in the Forbes ranking of “Kings of Government Orders,” having received orders worth 130.7 billion rubles in 2014.

Revenue: RUB 138.3 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Tatyana Lukovetskaya

Number of personnel: 6371

Net debt: RUB 9 billion.

Net profit: 4.7 billion rubles.

Trade

The country's largest car seller was created by Sergei Petrov in 1991. At the end of 2014, Rolf sold 91,693 new cars - 14.4% more than a year earlier. The company's share in the Russian automobile market was 3.7%. In 2011, a long-term strategy was approved, which recognized retail as a key business. In 2012, Rolf sold a 51% stake in its logistics operator ROLF SCS to the Japanese company NYK and completed the sale of a controlling stake in Rolf Import, the distributor of Mitsubishi in Russia, to the Japanese concerns Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation. Now “Rolf Import” is called “MMC Rus”.

43. Nizhnekamskneftekhim

Revenue: RUB 137 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Nizhnekamsk

General Director: Azat Bikmurzin

Number of personnel: 16,772

Net profit: RUB 9.4 billion.

Net debt: minus 196 million rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 66.7 billion.

Petrochemistry

This company from Tatarstan is Russia’s largest producer of synthetic rubber and raw materials for its synthesis (42% of the world market). Almost half of the revenue comes from product exports. The company is controlled by the TAIF group (50.6%), among whose main owners are the sons of the ex-president of Tatarstan Mintimer Shaimiev, Radik and Airat. The blocking stake in Nizhnekamskneftekhim belongs to Svyazinvestneftekhim, which is controlled by the government of Tatarstan. In 2014, the company transferred 9 billion rubles in taxes to budgets of various levels.

44. Uralkali

Revenue: RUB 136.5 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Berezniki,

Perm region

General Director: Dmitry Osipov

Number of personnel: 20,800

Net loss: RUB 33.3 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 602 billion.

Fertilizers

One of the world's largest producers of potash fertilizers (20% of the market). By the mid-1990s, a native of the Kama region and future billionaire Dmitry Rybolovlev bought a stake in the enterprise and headed the board of directors. The further history of the company is the struggle of the owner with potash traders against the backdrop of frequent ground collapses at production (five accidents in 10 years). Since 2010, the company has changed several owners and went to Mikhail Prokhorov. In 2013, Uralkali found itself at the center of an international scandal over an export sales scheme. General Director Vladislav Baumgertner was arrested by the KGB of Belarus, and the case was subsequently dropped.

Revenue: RUB 135.1 billion.

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Samvel Karapetyan

Number of employees: 45,000

Real estate

Samvel Karapetyan started his business with wholesale trade, then went into retail and construction. Today Tashir owns 25 large shopping centers and eight office centers. In addition, having started housing construction after the 2008 crisis, the company built five residential complexes. Tashir is developing its own energy company Cascade. In the near future, the territory of the Trekhgornaya Manufactory in Moscow will be built up; it is planned to build 94,000 sq. m. In addition, Tashir includes 10 hotels, JSCB Fora Bank, a chain of restaurants and other enterprises.

46. ​​Rusenergosbyt

Revenue: RUB 132.2 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Zinoviev

Number of personnel: 779

Net debt: RUB 831 million.

Net profit: RUB 5.2 billion.

Electric power industry

Rusenergosbyt is the second Russian independent energy trader by revenue, owned by Grigory Berezkin’s Unified Social Network group and the Enel energy concern (49.5%). Rusenergo-sbyt operates in more than 60 regions of the country and supplies electricity to more than 115,000 customers. The key consumer of Rusenergosbyt is Russian Railways; clients also include Kamaz, Sollers, the Magnit retail chain, as well as enterprises of the GAZ group. In March 2015, Enel, which also owns 56.4% of the shares of the energy company Enel Russia, published its five-year development plan, according to which Russia falls out of its sphere of interests.

47. TAIF-NK

Revenue: RUB 132 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Nizhnekamsk

General Director: Rushan Shamgunov

Number of personnel: 3135

Net profit: 10.7 billion rubles

Net debt: minus 11 billion rubles

Petrochemistry

TAIF-NK combines an oil refinery and a gasoline plant. In 2014, the enterprise's capacity was fully utilized: oil refining amounted to 7.3 million tons per year, gas condensate - 1 million tons. TAIF-NK's ​​share in the total volume of crude oil refining in Russia was 3%. Export of products provides 58% of revenue. The company transferred almost 62 billion rubles of taxes and fees to budgets of all levels. The enterprise is controlled by the TAIF group, co-owned by the sons of the ex-president of Tatarstan Mintimer Shaimiev, Radik and Airat.

48. OMK

Revenue: RUB 129 billion.

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Anatoly Sedykh

Number of personnel: 27,021

Net debt: RUB 62.5 billion.

Net loss: 13 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

In 2014, the revenue of the steel pipe manufacturer OMK increased by 23%, EBITDA by 22%, but due to the devaluation of the ruble, the depreciation of the American OMK Tube and the decommissioning of the Chusovsky Metallurgical Plant, the loss amounted to 13 billion rubles. To improve financial results by the end of 2015, the company promised to use anti-crisis measures: to reduce production costs, reduce the volume of investments, tighten control over settlements with counterparties and shorten the production cycle.

49. ChTPZ

Revenue: RUB 128 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Grubman

Number of personnel: 28,694

Net debt: RUB 94 billion.

Net loss: RUB 1.2 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

ChTPZ is the second largest pipe manufacturer in Russia. In 2014, ChTPZ and the Pervouralsk New Pipe Plant, which is part of the group, shipped a record volume of products for the entire post-Soviet period - 2.073 million tons. But the year turned out to be difficult for the main shareholder of ChTPZ, Andrey Komarov. In March 2014, he and his lawyer Alexander Shibanov were detained on suspicion of attempted bribery official. In July 2015, Komarov was released from house arrest, and the lawyer was released from pretrial detention. The case has been sent to court.

50. Antipinsky Oil Refinery

Revenue: RUB 125 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Tyumen

General Director: Gennady Lisovichenko

Number of personnel: 1500

Net debt: RUB 87.7 billion.

Net loss: RUB 34.4 billion.

Oil and gas

The plant, which opened in the industrial zone of Tyumen in 2006, produces gasoline and diesel fuel. In 2014, the refining volume reached 8 million tons of oil per year, the production volume reached 6.2 million tons. The company intends to engage in its own production. In March 2015, the plant won a competition for three small oil-bearing areas in the Orenburg region with total C1 reserves of 42 million tons of oil and 1.5 billion cubic meters of gas, paying 16 billion rubles for them. One of the co-owners of the refinery is a classmate of President Vladimir Putin, Nikolai Egorov, co-founder of the law firm “Egorov, Puginsky, Afanasiev and Partners.”

51. Phosagro

Revenue: RUB 123.1 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Guryev

Number of personnel: 19,663

Net debt: RUB 48.2 billion.

Net loss: RUB 13.4 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 369 billion.

Fertilizers

Phosagro is one of the world's largest producers of phosphate fertilizers. Key enterprise- "Apatite". The controlling shareholder is ex-senator Andrei Guryev, among the minority shareholders is Vladimir Litvinenko, the rector of the National Mineral Resources University "Mining", where Vladimir Putin defended his dissertation. The Menatep group of Khodorkovsky took part in the formation of the Phosagro business, from which the Phosagro management, headed by Guryev, bought a stake in 2005. Since December 2014, two former Phosagro managers tried to claim their rights to a share in the holding. One of them, Alexander Gorbachev, filed a lawsuit in a Cypriot court. A decision was expected in mid-September.

52. GAZ Group

Revenue: RUB 120 billion. (IFRS)

President: Vadim Sorokin

Number of employees: 257,600

Net debt: RUB 56.2 billion.

Net loss: RUB 2.1 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 7.9 billion.

Mechanical engineering

The GAZ group includes 13 enterprises that produce 50% of light commercial vehicles, 70% of buses and 24% of trucks in Russia. The main shareholder of the company is the Russian Machines engineering holding, part of Oleg Deripaska's Basic Element.

In 2014, the group produced 69,400 vehicles, 16% less than the previous year. Revenue from sales to non-CIS countries increased by 56%, to RUB 7.2 billion. In 2014, the GAZ Group received European approval allowing the sale of gazelles in EU countries, opened production in Turkey, and began negotiations on distribution in 30 countries. In the first half of 2015, GAZ sales fell by 26%; the fall of the entire Russian car market was 36%.

53. National Computer Corporation

Revenue: RUB 115.7 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Kalinin

Number of personnel: 2600

"National Computer Corporation" appeared in 2003, when the owners of five independent companies combined their assets. Currently, NCC includes the distributor of computer equipment OCS, the computer manufacturer Aquarius, the developer of server equipment Yadro, the distributor and integrator Systematics. Equipment under the Aquarius brand is produced at its own factory in Ivanovo region, in 2014 the corporation increased its production capacity. According to a report by the analytical agency IDC, Aquarius is among the top five largest suppliers servers on the Russian market in 2014.

54. DNS

Revenue: RUB 115.1 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Vladivostok

General Director: Dmitry Alekseev

Number of employees: 15,000

Trade

The first computer store DNS techniques opened in 1998 in Vladivostok. Now the group of companies already manages more than 1,200 stores in 400 cities of Russia. Under the umbrella brand DNS develops discounter TechnoPoint and small shops with digital and mobile technology Smart. Since December 2014, the company has new format— “Frau Technik,” household appliance stores decorated in crimson and purple colors. In the spring of 2014, the company acquired the Computer World chain (21 stores in St. Petersburg and 11 cities in the North-Western District). It produces computers and portable equipment under its own brands; it opened an assembly plant in 2012.

55. Euroset

Revenue: 115 billion rubles. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Malis

Number of employees: 30,000

Trade

Since July 2014, 50% of Euroset belongs directly to Megafon (the remaining 50% belongs to VimpelCom). According to Megafon's estimates, after this transaction the operator's savings on dealer commissions reached 48%. Ksenia Sobchak ceased to be a shareholder of Euroset back in 2012, but her current vigorous activity and previous ownership haunt deputies. In the fall of 2014, after a public discussion between Sobchak and director Nikita Mikhalkov, deputies turned to the prosecutor’s office with a request to check the purity of the transaction, during which the TV presenter received 0.1% of the retailer’s shares and earned $1.3 million from their sale.

56. Eurasia Drilling Company

Revenue: RUB 114.8 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Japaridze

Number of personnel: 21,850

Net profit: 16.2 billion rubles.

Net debt: RUB 42.3 billion.

Capitalization: $1.8 billion (LSE)

Oil and gas

The volume of the drilling services market in Russia in 2014 was $15.4 billion (estimated by Deloitte & Tuche), with Eurasia Drilling Company (EDC) accounting for 28%. The company was founded by Alexander Japaridze, who bought the drilling division of Lukoil for $130 million in 2004. In 2007, the shares were placed in London (IPO valuation $3.4 billion). Japaridze largest shareholder EDC (30.2%), ex-president of Rosneft Alexander Putilov has 22.4%, free float - 30% of shares. In January 2015, the sale of 45.65% of EDC shares to the oil services company Schlumberger for $1.7 billion was announced. The deal requires approval from the government commission on foreign investment, which has repeatedly postponed its consideration.

57. Transaero

Revenue: RUB 113.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Olga Pleshakova

Number of personnel: 11,507

Net debt: RUB 67.6 billion.

Net loss: RUB 19.3 billion.

Transport

Transaero is second only to Aeroflot in terms of traffic volume - in 2014 it transported about 13.2 million people. The company has a high debt burden, the net debt/EBITDA ratio at the end of 2014 was 9. In September 2014, Transaero applied for government support. The company was founded in 1991 by the son of the USSR Minister of Radio Industry, Alexander Pleshakov, and since 2001 has been managed by his wife Olga. Between them they own 36.6% of the company, another 3% belongs to Alexander’s mother Tatyana Anodina, chairman of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). On September 1, 2015, it became known that Aeroflot was buying 75% plus 1 share of Transaero for a symbolic 1 ruble.

58. Eldorado

Revenue: RUB 111.7 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Ondrej Friedrich

Number of employees: 14,000

Trade

The company, founded in 1994 by brothers Igor and Oleg Yakovlev, sells household appliances and electronics. During the 2008 crisis, banks demanded that the network repay loans ahead of schedule. The Czech PPF group of Peter Kellner helped - they provided a $300 million loan against the security of a controlling stake, and later bought the remaining share for $250 million. In March 2014, PPF announced that one of its shareholders, Jiri Šmejc, would receive 20% in Eldorado. A year later, the co-owners invested 7.3 billion rubles in the network. Eldorado has 384 hypermarkets and four stores for dispensing goods purchased online (14% of revenue in 2014). Now the chain is expanding its range - selling goods for the home, garden, renovation and for children.

59. Messenger

Revenue: 111 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Michael Tuch

Number of employees: 22,000

Trade

The network, created in 1995 by Maxim Nogotkov, was received for debts by Oleg Malis, the younger brother of Euroset president Alexander Malis. The brothers do not comment on the hypothetical merger of two cellular retailers, but they do interact. Since the beginning of 2015, connections to MTS in Svyaznoy have decreased fivefold, but sales of contracts from Megafon and VimpelCom, which own Euroset, have resumed. In the summer of 2015, MTS terminated its cooperation with Svyaznoy. At the same time, the distribution of goods ordered from Enter began in Euroset stores; this business of Nogotkov also went to Oleg Malis.

60. Kamaz

Revenue: RUB 110.6 billion. (IFRS)

President: Sergey Kogogin

Number of employees: 53,000

Net debt: RUB 12.7 billion.

Net profit: 200 million rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 24.8 billion.

Mechanical engineering

The largest Russian manufacturer of heavy trucks occupies 41% of the domestic market. Kamaz is 49.9% owned by the Rostec state corporation, 20.8% of shares by Avtoinvest Ltd., 11% by Daimler AG. In 2014, the company sold 38,655 trucks, 5,177 less than in 2013. The company's net profit decreased by 20 times. At the annual meeting of shareholders it was decided not to pay dividends for 2014. Over the six months of 2015, Kamaz sold 7,697 trucks, 52.7% less than the same period in 2014. At the same time, its share in the truck market increased to 54.3%.

61. Universal Cargo Logistics Holding BV

Revenue: RUB 110 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Amsterdam

General Director: Igor Fedorov

Number of personnel: 18,500

Transport

Universal Cargo Logistics Holding BV is the transport company of NLMK owner Vladimir Lisin; the billionaire spent a significant part of his metallurgical income on creating this business. UCL consists of three divisions: UCL Rail (rail transportation), UCL Port (stevedoring services) and VBTH ( shipping companies and shipbuilding). According to Forbes, the total revenue of all divisions decreased by 25 billion rubles compared to 2013.

62. Eurosibenergo

Revenue: RUB 110 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vyacheslav Solomin

Number of employees: 27,000

Electrical energy

Eurosibenergo is one of the largest private energy producers in Russia and one of the largest hydro-generating companies in the world, controls 18 power plants (including Bratsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk and Ust-Ilimsk hydroelectric power stations). Eurosibenergo is part of Oleg Deripaska's En+ holding. In May 2015, CEO Vyacheslav Solomin said that Eurosibenergo plans to become an operating company, which in the future may conduct an IPO or attract a strategic investor. To do this, it consolidated more than 90% of the shares of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station, purchasing 25% of the shares of the hydroelectric power station from RusHydro in 2014, and is also negotiating with Inter RAO to buy out 40% of the shares of Irkutskenergo.

63. Irkutskenergo

Revenue: RUB 107.64 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Irkutsk

General Director: Oleg Prichko

Number of personnel: 7856

Net profit: 3 billion rubles.

Net debt: RUB 47.4 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 33.6 billion.

Electrical energy

Irkutskenergo owns hydro and heat generating assets with a capacity of 19.5 gigawatts in Siberia. The company is controlled by Eurosibenergo (part of Oleg Deripaska's En+ group), 40% of the shares are owned by the state energy holding InterRAO. Eurosibenergo is laying claim to the InterRAO stake, but the head of Inter RAO, Boris Kovalchuk, stated that the company will not sell the stake for less than the amount at which it was valued when contributed to the capital of the state-owned company in 2010 (48.6 billion rubles), which is more than three times its current market value. The authorities of Buryatia at the beginning of 2015 noted a record shallowing of Lake Baikal (for 60 years), accusing Irkutsk-Energo of causing environmental damage.

64. GC Commonwealth

Revenue: RUB 105.7 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Luxembourg

General Director: Alexander Lutsenko

Number of personnel: 2000

EBITDA: $205 million

Agroprom

In the 2013-2014 financial year, the revenue of the Sodrugestvo group, the largest processor of oilseeds and exporter of agricultural products, grew by 34%, EBITDA by 68%. In February 2015, the company opened a new headquarters in Luxembourg. In March 2015, co-owner of the company Alexander Lutsenko became general director: and Stefan Frappa, who held this post, resigned.

65. SU-155

Revenue: RUB 104.2 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Meshcheryakov

Number of employees: 40,000

Construction

Since 2009, the company of Moscow City Duma deputy Mikhail Balakin has regularly received bankruptcy claims from suppliers, contractors and other counterparties. Summer 2015 CEO company, Alexander Meshcheryakov was accused of tax evasion in the amount of 200 million rubles. However, numerous legal proceedings do not affect the operating activities of one of the largest construction companies in the country; in 2015, SU-155 built and put into operation 327,000 square meters. m. and sold non-core assets for almost 3 billion rubles.

66. SIA International

Revenue: RUB 98.5 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Sharapanyuk

Net profit: 144 million rubles.

Trade

The company was created in 1993 by Novosibirsk entrepreneur Igor Rudinsky. For 10 years, the co-owner of the company was entrepreneur Shabtai Kalmanovich (killed in 2009). In the second half of the 2000s, SIA International repeatedly became the largest Russian distributor of medicines, and is now in third place in terms of revenue. In 2009, the holding received 25% of the shares of Pharmacy Chain 36.6 for debts, from whose capital it withdrew in 2012. After Rudinsky’s death in the fall of 2014, the heirs confirmed that they would sell 51% of SIA International to the R-Pharm pharmaceutical group of Alexei Repik, as the founder planned to do. The deal has not yet been closed.

67. LSR Group

Revenue: RUB 92.3 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Andrey Molchanov

Number of personnel: 15,500

Net profit: 9.2 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 21.6 billion

Net debt: 2 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 58.6 billion.

Construction

The LSR Group, whose main owner is ex-senator from the Leningrad region Andrei Molchanov, like all developers, is suffering from a drop in demand. If in 2014 revenue grew by 53% and EBITDA by 84%, then in the first half of 2015 revenue decreased by 11%. Towards " Construction Materials» the drop is more significant: revenue fell by 25%, EBITDA by 40%. New contracts for the sale of real estate in all regions of presence (Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg) were concluded in six months by 45% less than in the same period in 2014. In May, Molchanov returned to operational management, taking up the post of general director.

68. Major

Revenue: RUB 90 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Mikhail Bakhtiarov

Trade

Major is the second largest car seller in Russia (after Rolf). The company was founded in 1998 former managers dealer Musa Motors (the president of the company is one of its founders). The partners started the business with Chrysler and Jeep cars, and now the company is a dealer of 38 automobile brands. Over the year, the retail network has grown from 59 to 77 car dealerships in Moscow, the number of motorcycle dealerships has doubled to 10. Seven of the company’s car dealerships operate in St. Petersburg. In 2015, Major, which previously sold exclusively foreign cars, became the official dealer of AvtoVAZ. In the first half of 2015, the share of Lada cars in the Moscow region increased from 3% to 4.5%.

69. Growth

Revenue: RUB 88.4 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: David Panikashvili

Trade

The group was formed in 2002 as a result of the merger of several pharmaceutical companies from St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and Samara and is now one of the five largest drug distributors. Until 2011, the Finnish distributor Tamro owned a share in the holding. Then the main owner became one of the founders, David Panikashvili, who acquired 42% of the shares from the Finns. The pharmacy chain owned by the group, formed as a result of the merger of the Raduga and Pervaya Pomoga chains, is the fourth in Russia in terms of the number of outlets (more than 850). Rosta also has a factory in St. Petersburg, where the French manufacturer Ipsen launched contract production of the neurological drug Tanakan.

70. Tele2

Revenue: RUB 87.4 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Mikhail Noskov

Number of personnel: 7929

Telecommunications

The Tele2 operator has become Russian since 2013: in March, VTB Bank bought the company from Swedish shareholders for $3.5 billion, and then resold 50% to the structures of billionaires Yuri Kovalchuk and Alexey Mordashov. At the beginning of 2014, Tele2 Russia merged with the mobile assets of the state telecom operator Rostelecom. Almost simultaneously with the change of owners, Tele2 received approval to launch fast mobile Internet on its networks. The company is preparing to enter the Moscow market - the richest region for operators, where only MTS, Megafon and VimpelCom operate.

71. Polyus Gold

Revenue: RUB 86.42 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: London, UK

General Director: Pavel Grachev

Number of personnel: 19,080

Net debt: RUB 12.6 billion.

Net loss: 7 billion rubles.

Capitalization: £5.9 billion (LSE)

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Polyus Gold is the largest Russian gold mining company. Its main shareholders are the son of Suleiman Kerimov Said (40.2%), the structures of Gavril Yushvaev (19.3%) and Oleg Mkrtchan (18.5%), the remaining shares are in free float. Polyus Gold ended 2014 with a net loss of $182 million, but EBITDA increased to $1 billion (by 11% compared to 2013). In the summer of 2015, management and shareholders discussed the possibility of changing the parent company Polyus Gold, registered on the island of Jersey, to the Russian Polyus Gold, but a final decision on this issue had not been made at the time of publication of the rating.

72. ATEK Group

Revenue: 85 billion rubles. (company data)

Headquarters: Ufa

General Director: Vladimir Fedorov

Number of personnel: 218

Net profit: RUB 310.5 million.

Trade

The Ufa oil trader ATEK, founded in 2001 by brothers Igor and Evgeniy Bidilo, grew up on tolling schemes for oil refining, supplying raw materials to refineries in Bashkiria. In 2009, AFK Sistema, which acquired the enterprises of the Bashkir fuel and energy complex, refused the services of ATEK, and the Ufa company focused on trading petroleum products, working with Rosneft, Lukoil, Shell, and Surgutneftegaz.

73. Renaissance Construction

Revenue: RUB 83.4 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Andrey Vlasenko

Number of personnel: 23,186

Construction

The company was created in 1993 by Erman Ilicak, an employee of the Turkish Enka, in St. Petersburg. At first, Renaissance built buildings for the Baltika brewing company and IKEA, but after the 2008 crisis, the contractor began to actively develop in Moscow, and then in Turkey and other countries. Renaissance has more than 500 constructed facilities with a total area of ​​over 15 million square meters. m, and the order portfolio exceeds $7 billion. The company is building three skyscrapers in Moscow City, including the Federation Tower, which has gone through several changes of owners and general contractors.

74. Lanit

Revenue: RUB 81.5 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Igor Dubrovo

Number of personnel: 5998

Lanit, founded by Georgy Gens in 1989, is one of the oldest IT companies in Russia. The main area of ​​activity is system integration and development software products. Although the group now includes Inventive Retail Group, which unites several retail chains. Georgy Gens entrusted this part of the business to his son Philip. However, not all is smooth sailing in business. In mid-2015, IBM abandoned its partnership with Lanit after 20 years of cooperation. For another Russian integrator, Croc, a similar move by IBM later resulted in a major scandal over Sberbank purchases.

75. Sportsmaster

Revenue: RUB 81.1 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Leonid Strakhov

Number of employees: 15,000

Trade

Sportmaster calls itself the largest sports retailer in Eastern Europe— annually more than 450 company stores are visited by about 200 million people. The founders of the company, Nikolai Fartushnyak, his brother and two of their comrades, have been distributing Kettler sports equipment since 1992, and four years later they switched to retail. The company also franchises the Columbia chain and owns 700 O'Stin casual clothing stores. In March 2014, one of the first Russian retailers entered the Chinese market - now there are 11 stores there under the Sportmaster brand.

76. Uralchem

Revenue: RUB 78.3 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Konyaev

Number of personnel: 10,298

Net debt: RUB 242.3 billion.

Net loss: RUB 79.7 billion.

Fertilizers

The holding belongs to the former president of Sibur, Dmitry Mazepin, who in 2007 merged fertilizer production enterprises in the Kirov region and Perm region. The company produces more than a quarter of ammonium nitrate in Russia and is the leader in this segment. In 2013, Uralchem ​​became one of the participants in the transaction to change the owners of the Uralkali holding: in December it acquired a 19.9% ​​stake for $3.8 billion.

77. Biblio Globus

Revenue: 78 billion rubles. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Tugolukov

Number of personnel: 491

Tour operator "Biblio Globus" was created by Alexander Tugolukov, son-in-law of the owner bookstores“Biblio Globus” by Boris Yesenkin. The geography of work of Biblio Globus includes more than 33 areas. Since 2014, the company began operating in Germany, Portugal, Great Britain, Costa Rica, the Netherlands, Fiji, Uzbekistan, Spain, Chile, Peru. The company has sent more than 2.4 million tourists on trips over the past year and a half.

78. Autoworld

Revenue: RUB 77.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Nikolay Gruzdev

Number of personnel: 6995

Trade

In the first year of operation (1993), the company managed to sell only a few dozen Lada and Volga cars; a year later, sales grew to 1,200 cars. Currently, Avtomir sells cars of 19 brands through 49 dealership centers (18 of them are located in Moscow, 28 in Russian regions, three in Kazakhstan). The company sold 75,500 new vehicles in 2014, 7,500 less than in 2013. Sales of used cars increased by 25% over the year, to 14,500. The company's share in the federal market was 2.9%, in the capital - 6.5%. Over the six months of 2015, the Russian car market shrank by 36%. 15% of Avtomir employees were sent on unscheduled leave.

79. V.I.P. Service

Revenue: 76 billion rubles. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Gorin

Number of personnel: 1785

The company, created in 1993, owns a network for the reservation and sale of air and railway tickets in Moscow and the Moscow region. “V.I.P. Service" also sells tickets online - only through the Biletix and Portbilet web portals the company sells up to 13,000 tickets per day. In addition, the holding is developing hotel business: the Don Quixote complex was opened in Rostov-on-Don, and a network of hostels under the Gorod brand was launched at Russian railway stations.

80. Akron

Revenue: RUB 74.6 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Veliky Novgorod

General Director: Vladimir Kunitsky

Number of personnel: 15,100

Net debt: RUB 55.8 billion.

Net profit: 6.9 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 109.3 billion.

Fertilizers

The main owner of Akron, Vyacheslav Kantor, began forming the holding in 1993, when, after conducting an environmental assessment at the Novgorod chemical enterprise Azot, he decided to participate in its privatization and bought up almost half a ton of vouchers. The holding also includes an enterprise in the Smolensk region and a plant in the Chinese province of Shandong. In 2012, Acron commissioned the Oleniy Ruchey mine, the third largest producer of apatite concentrate in Russia, adding its own phosphate raw materials to nitrogen. A consortium of Indian chemical companies is planning to join the potash project being developed by Akron, the Verkhnekamsk Potash Company.

81. Miratorg

Revenue: 74.05 billion rubles.

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Viktor Linnik

Number of personnel: 20,000

EBITDA: RUB 23.2 billion

Agroprom

The Miratorg agro-industrial holding was created by brothers Viktor and Alexander Linnik in 1995, earning start-up capital on organizing leisure and accommodation for foreign tourists in Moscow. One of these guests advised the Linniks to start importing European products. Their company is still one of the largest Russian manufacturers and meat importers. In 2014, Miratorg’s total sales increased by 14%, to 493,000 tons. The holding increased its share own production in total sales up to 77%.

82. Transoil

Revenue: RUB 73.8 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Vladimir Sokolov

Number of personnel: 1397

Net profit: RUB 11.7 billion.

Transport

The railway carrier Transoil, controlled by billionaire Gennady Timchenko, intends to become a key player in the car repair market and provide trading and cargo transshipment services in ports, as well as increase its share in the oil and petroleum products transportation market to 30%, follows from the company’s development strategy until 2020 of the year. Movement towards the goal began: in the summer of 2014, Transoil received permission from the Federal Antimonopoly Service to purchase the cargo operator Neftetransport. At the same time, the company announced the acquisition of a 25% stake in the shunting operator of the Ust-Luga port, PUL Trans, and in December it became known about Transoil’s interest in the Infotek-Baltika M company.

83. Jenser

Revenue: RUB 71.2 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board: Vladimir Pronin

Number of personnel: 4960

Trade

Created in 1991 by graduate students of MSTU. Bauman's company started out selling SAAB cars. Now it ranks fourth in terms of annual revenue among Russian dealers; 36 auto centers of the company sell new cars of 17 brands. The company is controlled by Chairman of the Board Vladimir Pronin and the heirs of one of the founders of Jenser, Igor Ponomarev, who died in 2010. In 2014, the company sold more than 64,000 vehicles, 11% more than in 2013. The company’s regular corporate clients are the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Federal Security Service, Supreme Court, large state corporations.

84. Utair

Revenue: 71 billion rubles. (RAS)

Headquarters: Khanty-Mansiysk

General Director: Andrey Martirosov

Number of personnel: 5083

Net debt: RUB 86 billion.

Net loss: RUB 22.3 billion.

Transport

UTair, controlled pension fund Surgutneftegaz is one of the three largest Russian air carriers (11.2 million passengers in 2014) and delivers passengers and cargo both by airplane and by helicopter - the company owns the largest helicopter fleet in Russia (343 aircraft of different models). The company has a high debt load. UTair is negotiating the provision of a state guarantee of 9 billion rubles, which is needed to obtain a syndicated loan of up to 29.5 billion rubles for a period of seven years, Vedomosti wrote. As part of the cost-cutting program, the company reduced the number of employees by two-thirds (5,083 in 2014 versus 15,000 people in 2013).

85. Siberia

Revenue: RUB 70.7 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

General Director: Vladimir Obyedkov

Number of personnel: 2672

Net profit: RUB 869 million.

Transport

Siberia (S7 Airlines brand) is the fourth largest airline in Russia in terms of passenger traffic. In 2013, its airliners carried about 8 million passengers. The air fleet consists of 58 aircraft. The owners of the airline are spouses Natalya and Vladislav Filev. In 1997, they bought shares of Siberia Airlines from employees, a little later they became owners of a controlling stake in the enterprise and began developing the business through the takeover of small air carriers. In 2013, the Filevs bought the state stake in Siberia in the amount of 25.5% of shares for 1.13 billion rubles, consolidating 100% of the company. According to Forbes, against the backdrop of multi-billion-dollar debts from its competitors, Sibir has a negative net debt.

86. Russian copper company

Revenue: RUB 70 billion (estimate)

Headquarters: Ekaterinburg

General Director: Vsevolod Levin

Number of personnel: 7761

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Russian Copper Company is the third largest copper producer in Russia. RMK enterprises are located in the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Novgorod regions and Kazakhstan. The main owner of the company is billionaire Igor Altushkin. In 2014, he agreed with the famous British architect Norman Foster to build the headquarters of RMK in Yekaterinburg. Construction is planned to be completed in a few years.

87. Power machines

Revenue: RUB 69.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Roman Filippov

Number of employees: 17,000

Net profit: RUB 10.3 billion.

Net debt: RUB 23.1 billion.

Mechanical engineering

The largest domestic power engineering company. In 2014, revenue increased by 8%, to 69.8 billion rubles, including due to the sale of housing built by the company in St. Petersburg on the site of its former industrial site. In the summer of 2015, a joint venture between Power Machines (35% share) and Siemens (65%) launched new complex for the production and service of gas turbines with a capacity of 172 and 307 MW in the Leningrad region. Before gas turbines Such power has not been produced in Russia.

88. Cherkizovo

Revenue: RUB 69.3 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Sergey Mikhailov

Number of personnel: 21,303

EBITDA: RUB 17 billion

Net debt: RUB 26.07 billion.

Agroprom

Cherkizovo Group is one of the country's largest producers of meat products. It was founded by its current chairman of the board of directors, Igor Babaev, on the basis of the Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant.

The group unites over 40 enterprises in Moscow, as well as in the Penza, Tambov, Lipetsk, Voronezh, and Oryol regions. In 2014, it produced more than 800,000 tons of meat products and about 1.4 million tons of feed.

Thanks to the acquisition of the largest Voronezh poultry producer Lisko-Broiler, the Cherkizovo group increased its poultry sales to 417 million tons.

89. Globaltrans

Headquarters: Limassol, Cyprus

General Director: Sergey Maltsev

Number of personnel: 1575

Net debt: RUB 23.7 billion.

Net profit: RUB 571 million.

Capitalization: $615 million (LSE)

Transport

Globaltrans, the largest private railway operator, transports metallurgical and construction cargo, petroleum products and coal. The company's main shareholders are billionaires Konstantin Nikolaev, Nikita Mishin and Andrey Filatov, each owning 11.5%. In 2014, the company's net profit decreased 14 times, revenue decreased by 8%. At the meeting of shareholders it was decided not to pay dividends for 2014; the company reported that the money would be needed to reduce the debt burden.

90. Sinara

Revenue: RUB 68.7 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Ekaterinburg

General Director: Mikhail Khodorovsky

Number of employees: 22,500

Mechanical engineering

The Sinara Group, founded in 2001, belongs to the main owner of the Pipe Metallurgical Company (TMK) Dmitry Pumpyansky and, in addition to transport engineering, develops financial, tourism, agricultural, energy business and development. The company makes money from government contracts: in 2010 it created a joint venture with Siemens “Ural Locomotives”, which is secured by orders from Russian Railways until 2020. Since July 2014, STM-Service, a member of Sinara, has won auctions totaling 12.5 billion rubles and received 26 Russian Railways service locomotive depots (5,000 locomotives) for management. About 11,000 employees transferred from Russian Railways to the company.

91. TechnoNIKOL

Revenue: RUB 68.6 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Sergey Kolesnikov

Number of personnel: 6704

Construction Materials

The company was founded in 1992 by Sergei Kolesnikov and Igor Rybakov. TechnoNIKOL is one of the country's largest manufacturers of roofing and insulating materials. Using the company’s materials, 206 shopping malls, 66 production facilities and 18 airports and train stations were built. The company has 38 different factories and five research centers, and its products are exported to European countries, India and China. In 2016, TechnoNIKOL is going to launch new plant for the production of stone wool in the Rostov region, the declared investment volume is 3 billion rubles.

92. Agrocom

Revenue: RUB 65.7 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

General Director: Sergey Sapotnitsky

Number of employees: 15,000

EBITDA: RUB 8 billion

Agroprom

The main assets of the Agrocom group, owned by businessman and ex-State Duma deputy Ivan Savvidi, are the Donskoy Tabak tobacco factory, the Atlantis-Pak packaging plant and meat production. In addition, Agrokom owns a greenhouse complex, a mineral water production facility, and the company owns a large stake in the Rostov-on-Don airport and the Rostov Civil Aviation Plant. On the site of the Tavr sausage factory, which was closed six years ago, in the center of Rostov-on-Don, Agrokom plans to build more than 400,000 sq. m. m of housing and commercial real estate.

93.Polymetal International

Revenue: RUB 65.2 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

Chief Executive Officer: Vitaly Nesis

Number of personnel: 8853

Net debt: RUB 48.2 billion.

Net loss: RUB 8.1 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 204.3 billion.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Polymetal International is the largest silver producer and one of the leading gold miners in Russia. The main shareholders of the company are Peter Kellner, Alexander Nesis and Alexander Mamut. In 2014, Polymetal acquired the Kyzyl project, a large gold deposit in Kazakhstan, for $618.5 million. In April 2015, the head of the company, Vitaly Nesis, said that Polymetal International is ready to take advantage of opportunities for new mergers and acquisitions. At the end of 2014, the company paid dividends to shareholders of $173 million.

94. Metalservice

Revenue: RUB 63.2 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Manchenko

Trade

Metalservice is the largest Russian metal trader, providing services for the storage and processing of metal products. Metalservice warehouses are located in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Penza, Bryansk, Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog, Krasnodar, Kursk, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Khabarovsk, Barnaul and Minsk. In 2014, the company reported that more than 50,000 customers chose it as a supplier. The total volume of rolled metal sold was about 2 million tons.

95. Group of companies Course

Revenue: RUB 62.4 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Tatyana Volodina

Net profit: RUB 5.6 billion.

Trade

Maxim Klimov opened his first L’Etoile store in 1997 on Smolenskaya Square, on the site of the Ruslan store, famous in Soviet times. For many years, the company competed with its closest competitor, the Arbat Prestige chain of Vladimir Nekrasov. After Nekrasov’s arrest in 2008 (he was suspected of using shell companies and tax evasion), Klimov’s network rented premises on the site of some of its competitor’s stores. Arbat Prestige ceased to exist in 2009, and now L’Etoile is the undisputed market leader, with more than 900 stores in 200 cities. During 2015, the company promises to open another 100 points.

96. FSK Leader

Revenue: 62 billion rubles. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Voronin

Number of personnel: 5700

Construction

Over 10 years of operation, the financial and construction corporation “Leader” of Vladimir Voronin has built more than 4 million square meters. m of real estate, creating 12 new blocks, and sold 35,000 apartments. The company has development, real estate and construction divisions. In addition to Moscow and the Moscow region, the company operates in St. Petersburg, Kaluga and Gelendzhik. In 2014, Leader more than doubled its revenue, mainly due to increased housing sales. In 2015, the company opened its first large commercial real estate facility, the MARi shopping and entertainment complex in Maryino with a total area of ​​135,000 sq. m. m.

97. VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation

Revenue: RUB 61.9 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Verkhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk region.

General Director: Mikhail Voevodin

Number of personnel: 20,200

Net debt: RUB 23.5 billion.

Net profit: RUB 5.8 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 137.9 billion.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The titanium concern VSMPO-AVISMA first appeared on the list of private companies in 2013, when the Rostec state corporation sold 45.4% of its shares to management led by Mikhail Shelkov, a longtime associate of Rostec head Sergei Chemezov. Chemezov now holds the post of chairman of the company’s board of directors, and Shelkov was elected his deputy. Rostec still owns 25% + one share of VSMPO, but this does not prevent the company from concluding large contracts with Boeing and Airbus. Moreover, despite the worsening relations between Russia and the West, in the summer of 2015, VSMPO-AVISMA agreed to expand cooperation with these aircraft concerns.

98. Kyiv Square

Revenue: RUB 61.5 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: God Nisanov

Number of employees: 23,000

Real estate

The company of billionaires Zarakh Iliev and God Nisanov is known as the operator and owner of markets and shopping centers, but is also developing other real estate formats. In 2014, Sergei Sobyanin opened the Food City wholesale complex on Kaluzhskoye Shosse: its total retail area exceeds 346,000 sq. m. m, warehouse area is more than 300,000 sq. m. There are 2,000 parking spaces for trade with trucks; registration of a rental parking space, according to the administration, takes only 30 minutes, and you can rent it for a short time - for five days. As a result, many traders from the closed vegetable warehouse in Biryulyovo moved to Food City. In 2015, the largest oceanarium in Europe was opened at VDNKh Kyiv Ploshchad.

99. EFKO

Revenue: RUB 61.4 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Alekseevka, Belgorod region.

General Director: Evgeniy Lyashenko

Number of personnel: 9318

Agroprom

In 1992, Valery Kustov and several top managers privatized an enterprise producing essential oils in the town of Alekseevka (Belgorod region) and created the EFKO company (Sloboda brand). In the early 2000s, EFKO began producing fats for the food and confectionery industries, and then built its own oil transshipment terminal and oil extraction plant in Taman. The company is expanding into new markets and in 2015 began producing yogurt under the Sloboda brand (200 tons of products per day). Within five years, EFKO intends to enter the top 5 largest yogurt producers in Russia.

100. PIC

Revenue: RUB 61.3 billion. (IFSO)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Sergey Gordeev

Number of personnel: 11,000

Net profit: RUB 3.8 billion.

Net debt: RUB 10.3 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 124.8 billion.

Construction

PIK, one of the largest housing developers in Moscow and the Moscow region, was founded by Kirill Pisarev and Yuri Zhukov. In 2009, due to a high debt load, the partners lost PIK to Suleiman Kerimov, and now the main shareholder of the company is former senator Sergei Gordeev (29.9%), Alexander Mamut owns 16%, Mikail Shishkhanov - 9.8%, the remaining 44% is owned by in free circulation. In the spring of 2015, it became known that PIK CG received the right to develop the territory of the former VDNKh motor depot with an area of ​​34 hectares, which is located in the Otradnoe district. Revenue from the sale of housing in the first half of 2015 fell by a quarter, to 18.6 billion rubles.

101. AEON Corporation

Revenue: RUB 60.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Mikhail Smirnov

Number of personnel: 13,159

Transport

The AEON group was created by Roman Trotsenko. Consists of three dozen enterprises of various profiles, including three shipyards, two river shipping companies, a development company and 11 airports. In August 2015, it became known that AEON would build a residential complex on a site in Moscow that previously belonged to Sergei Polonsky’s Mirax Group. AEON also got Federation2 in Moscow City, which belonged to Polonsky’s structures. AEON is part of the international yacht building consortium Timmerman Yachts. The name (in honor of Franz Timmerman, who “employed” Peter the Great in the Amsterdam shipyards) was invented by the son of the former Minister of Transport Sergei Frank, Gleb, who worked at one of Trotsenko’s enterprises.

102. Volga-Dnepr

Revenue: RUB 60.9 billion. IFRS

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexey Isaikin

Transport

103. Morton

Revenue: RUB 60.7 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Nopin

Number of personnel: 8030

Construction

104. Eurocement group

Revenue: RUB 60.1 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Mikhail Skorokhod

Number of personnel: 17,556

Construction Materials

105. Globalstroy-Engineering

Revenue: RUB 60 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexey Smirnov

Number of personnel: 17,883

Construction

106. Confectionery House East

Revenue: RUB 59.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Tomsk

President: Sergey Bratushev

Agroprom

107. Rusagro

Revenue: RUB 59.1 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Maxim Basov

Number of personnel: 9335

EBITDA: RUB 18.06 billion

Net debt: RUB 3.61 billion.

Net profit: RUB 20.2 billion.

Capitalization: $933 million (LSE)

Agroprom

108. Transtechservice

Revenue: RUB 58.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Naberezhnye Chelny

General Director: Vyacheslav Zubarev

Number of personnel: 4895

Trade

109. Finstar

Revenue: RUB 58.3 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Boyko

Number of personnel: 4800

Real estate

110. Element-Trade

Revenue: RUB 57.85 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Ekaterinburg

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Roman Zabolotnov

Number of employees: 13,000

Trade

111. R-Pharm

Revenue: RUB 57.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vasily Ignatiev

Number of personnel: 3000

Trade

112. Maria-Ra

Headquarters: Barnaul

General Director: Alexander Rakshin

Number of employees: 16,900

Trade

113. GC Agro-Belogorye

Revenue: RUB 57.6 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Belgorod

General Director: Vladimir Zotov

Number of personnel: 8581

Agroprom

114. Intertorg

Revenue: RUB 55.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Mushvig Abdullaev

Number of personnel: 14,300

Trade

115. Pharmaceutical company Pulse

Revenue: RUB 55 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Khimki

General Director: Mikhail Sirotin

Net profit: RUB 588 million.

Trade

116. Red and White

Revenue: RUB 55 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Chelyabinsk

General Director: Sergey Studennikov

Trade

117. Kazanorgsintez

Revenue: RUB 54.6 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Kazan

General Director: Farid Minigulov

Number of personnel: 8650

Net profit: 6.1 billion rubles.

Net debt: RUB 15.7 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 48.7 billion.

Petrochemistry

118. Seventh Continent

Revenue: RUB 54.2 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Ageenkov

Net profit: 8.5 billion rubles.

Number of personnel: 10,000

Trade

119. Holiday Company

Revenue: RUB 53.3 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

General Director: Nikolay Skorokhodov

Number of employees: 18,000

Trade

120. Avilon

Revenue: RUB 52.6 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Pavlovich

Trade

121. Metallokomplekt-M

Revenue: RUB 51.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Borshchinsky

Number of personnel: 1700

Trade

122. Neftetransservice

Revenue: RUB 50.9 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Tertychny

Net debt: RUB 11.8 billion.

Net profit: 600 million rubles.

Transport

123. Group of companies Metal Profile

Revenue: RUB 50.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Lobnya

General Director: Victor Cherkas

Number of personnel: 3612

Ferrous metallurgy

124.Yandex

Revenue: RUB 50.8 billion. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: The Hague

General Director: Arkady Volozh

Number of personnel: 5616

Net debt: RUB 8.65 billion.

Net profit: 17 billion rubles.

Capitalization: $3.26 billion (NASDAQ)

125. Auto special center

Revenue: RUB 50.6 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Khalilov

Number of personnel: 3500

Trade

126. Velesstroy

Revenue: RUB 50.3 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Zlatko Penic

Number of personnel: 5500

Construction

127. Yulmart

Revenue: RUB 50 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Sergey Fedorinov

Number of personnel: 5000

Trade

128. Novoshakhtinsky oil products plant

Revenue: 49.5 billion rubles. (grade)

Headquarters: Novoshakhtinsk

General Director: Sergey Pankov

Number of personnel: 1500

Net debt: RUB 17.2 billion.

Net profit: RUB 1.97 billion.

Petrochemistry

129. Sollers

Revenue: 47.9 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vadim Shvetsov

Number of employees: 19,300

Net debt: RUB 5.4 billion.

Net loss: RUB 3.7 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 13.6 billion.

Mechanical engineering

130. United Confectioners

Revenue: RUB 47.6 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Andryushkin

Agroprom

131. Stroytransgaz

Revenue: RUB 47.6 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Mikhail Khryapov

Number of personnel: 2917

Construction

132. Industrial and metallurgical holding

Revenue: 47.2 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Evgeny Zubitsky

Number of personnel: 13942

Net debt: RUB 38.7 billion.

Net loss: RUB 7.7 billion.

Ferrous metallurgy

133. GC Independence

Revenue: RUB 47.1 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chief Managing Director: Elena Zhuravleva

Trade

134. Transengineering

Revenue: RUB 46.1 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Eldar Nagaplov

Construction

135. Quadra - generating company

Revenue: 45.9 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Tula

General Director: Vladlen Alexandrovich

Number of personnel: 7116

Net debt: RUB 29.75 billion.

Net loss: RUB 5.6 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 5.2 billion.

Electric power industry

136. Children's world

Revenue: RUB 45.4 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Chirakhov

Number of personnel: 7000

Net profit: 2 billion rubles.

Trade

137. Technoserv

Revenue: RUB 45.15 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Sergey Korneev

Number of personnel: 2700

138. Rust

Revenue: RUB 44 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Grant Winterton

Number of personnel: 4500

Agroprom

139. SK Most

Revenue: RUB 43.9 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Victor Friesen

Number of personnel: 20,000

Construction

140. St. Petersburg Fuel Company

Revenue: RUB 43.9 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Yuri Antonov

Number of personnel: 3723

Trade

141. Transyuzhstroy

Revenue: RUB 43.2 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Belgorod

General Director: Alexander Shevelev

Number of personnel: 6200

Construction

142. Far Eastern Shipping Company

Revenue: 42.8 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Konstantin Sokolov

Number of personnel: 1406

Net debt: RUB 59 billion.

Net loss: RUB 6.2 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 7.67 billion.

Transport

143. Fix Price

Revenue: RUB 41.85 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Kirsanov

Trade

144. SBSV-Klyuchavto

Revenue: RUB 41.4 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar region

General Director: Viktor Sergeev

Number of personnel: 3011

Trade

145. Pharmstandard

Revenue: 41.2 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Dolgoprudny

General Director: Grigory Potapov

Number of personnel: 6655

Net debt: minus 4.5 billion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 11.1 billion.

Capitalization: RUB 38.8 billion.

Pharmacists-tika

146. Domodedovo International Airport

Revenue: 41.2 billion rubles. (company data)

Headquarters: Domodedovo

General Director: Igor Borisov

Number of personnel: 13,790

Net debt: minus RUB 500 million.

Net profit: RUB 11.4 billion.

Transport

147. ABC of taste

Revenue: RUB 41 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Sadovin

Number of personnel: 8500

Trade

148. CenterShoes

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Evgeniy Peshkun

Trade

149. Adamas

Revenue: RUB 40 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

Executive Director: Maxim Weinberg

Number of personnel: 2628

Trade

150. Steel company

Revenue: RUB 39.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Ekaterinburg

General Director: Alexey Sukhnev

Number of personnel: 2676

Trade

151. Transbunker

Revenue: RUB 39.2 billion (estimate)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board: Albert Tralla

Number of personnel: 1680

Transport

152. DSK-1

Revenue: RUB 38.8 billion.

(RAS) Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Anatoly Konstantinov

Number of personnel: 9000

Construction

153. Magnatek

Revenue: RUB 38.6 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Sergey Kirichenko

Number of personnel: 252

Net debt: RUB 11.2 billion.

Net loss: RUB 613 million.

Trade

154. Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant

Revenue: RUB 38.2 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Chelyabinsk

General Director: Pavel Khodorovsky

Number of personnel: 7440

Ferrous metallurgy

155. Samaraenergo

Revenue: RUB 38.1 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Samara

General Director: Oleg Derbenev

Number of personnel: 1017

Net debt: RUB 2.1 billion.

Net profit: 3.8 million rubles.

Capitalization: 800 million rubles.

Electric power industry

156. Sweet life

Revenue: RUB 37.77 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Nizhny Novgorod

General Director: Albert Gusev

Number of personnel: 6929

Trade

157. South of Rus'

Revenue: RUB 37.6 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

General Director: Alexey Fedorov

Number of employees: 14,000

Agroprom

158. Don-Stroy Invest

Revenue: RUB 37.3 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alena Deryabina

Construction

159. Ekaterinburg commercial and industrial company

Revenue: RUB 36.7 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Ekaterinburg

General Director: Sergey Shmelev

Number of personnel: 176

Non-ferrous metallurgy

160. Novorossiysk sea trade port

Revenue: RUB 36.3 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Novorossiysk

General Director: Sultan Batov

Number of personnel: 6914

Net debt: RUB 79 billion.

Net loss: 16 billion rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 53 billion.

Transport

161. Gradient

Revenue: RUB 35 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Golubkovich

Number of personnel: 5100

Trade

162. Orimi Trade

Revenue: RUB 34.97 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Leningrad region.

General Director: Alexander Evnevich

Number of personnel: 2864

Agroprom

163. High quality roads

Revenue: RUB 34.5 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Valery Abramov

Construction

164. Mercury

Revenue: RUB 34 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Alexander Reebok

Trade

165. ARKS Group

Revenue: RUB 34 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Dmitry Simarev

Number of personnel: 6200

Construction

166. BEZRK-Belgrankorm

Revenue: RUB 34 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Belgorod region.

General Director: Pavel Tereshchenko

Number of personnel: 6301

Agroprom

167. Kuibyshevazot

Revenue: RUB 33.9 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Tolyatti

General Director: Viktor Gerasimenko

Number of personnel: 5011

Net debt: RUB 15.3 billion.

Net profit: 500 million rubles.

Capitalization: RUB 19.5 billion.

Petrochemistry

168. Prioskolie

Revenue: RUB 33.8 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Belgorod

General Director: Gennady Bobritsky

Agroprom

169. Grinn Corporation

Revenue: RUB 33.7 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Kursk

General Director: Nikolay Greshilov

Number of personnel: 15,100

Retail

170. Prodo

Revenue: RUB 33.6 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Petr Ilyukhin

Number of employees: 17,000

Agroprom

171. Petropavlovsk

Revenue: 33.4 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: London

General Director: Pavel Maslovsky

Number of personnel: 8,499

Net debt: RUB 52.5 billion.

Net loss: RUB 13.5 billion.

Capitalization: $300 million (LSE)

Gold mining

172.1C

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Boris Nuraliev

Number of personnel: 1000

173.ITG

Revenue: RUB 33.3 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Varivoda

Number of personnel: 2747

174. Softline

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Igor Borovikov

Number of personnel: 3425

175. GC Nevada

Revenue: RUB 33.2 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Khabarovsk

President: Yuri Egorov

Retail and wholesale trade

176. Solar products

Revenue: RUB 33.2 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Saratov

General Director: Oleg Podgorny

Number of personnel: 4503

Agroprom

177. Group Synthesis

Revenue: RUB 33.1 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vadim Ibadov

Number of personnel: 10,000

Electric power industry

178. Group E4

Revenue: RUB 33 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Andrey Malyshev

Number of personnel: 11,000

Electric power industry

179. Rolsen

Revenue: RUB 32.9 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Seoul

President: Anselmo Young

Appliances

180. Manufacturing company VIS

Revenue: RUB 32.6 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Igor Snegurov

Number of personnel: 3056

Construction

181. Favorit Motors

Revenue: RUB 32.4 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vladimir Popov

Number of personnel: 2220

Trade

182. Mail.Ru Group

Revenue: 32.3 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Dmitry Grishin

Number of personnel: 3552

Net debt: RUB 17.5 billion.

Net profit: 12.5 billion rubles.

Capitalization: $3.7 billion (LSE)

183. Ostankino MPK

Revenue: RUB 32.3 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Mikhail Popov

Number of personnel: 3836

Agroprom

184. Rhythm-2000

Revenue: RUB 32.3 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Tver

General Director: Denis Konoplyanko

Number of personnel: 10,000

Trade

185. Permenergosbyt

Revenue: RUB 32.1 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Perm

General Director: Igor Shershakov

Number of personnel: 1401

Net debt: minus 229 million rubles.

Net profit: RUB 322 million.

Capitalization: RUB 2.3 billion.

Electric power industry

186. Rostselmash

Revenue: RUB 31.8 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

General Director: Valery Maltsev

Number of personnel: 9000

Net profit: 1.3 billion rubles.

Mechanical engineering

187. Crocus Group

Revenue: RUB 31.65 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Krasnogorsk

President: Aras Agalarov

Number of personnel: 8958

Construction

188. NMZHK

Revenue: RUB 30.86 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Nizhny Novgorod

General Director: Alexey Maslennikov

Number of personnel: 4000

Agroprom

189. SDS-Nitrogen

Revenue: RUB 30.4 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Kemerovo

General Director: Igor Bezukh

Number of personnel: 7000

Fertilizers

190. Glavmosstroy Corporation

Revenue: RUB 30.3 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Evgeny Fedorov

Number of personnel: 7240

Construction

191. Trading house Absolute

Revenue: RUB 30.1 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Eduard Nayer

Number of personnel: 550

Trade

192. Pegas Touristic

Revenue: RUB 30 billion. (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Anna Podgornaya

193. Stroyservis

Revenue: RUB 29.9 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Kemerovo

General Director: Dmitry Nikolaev

194. BTK Group

Revenue: RUB 29.6 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Georgy Drachev

Number of personnel: 6519

Light industry

195. Group company Rive Gauche

Revenue: RUB 29.5 billion. (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

General Director: Pavel Karaban

Number of personnel: 6500

Trade

196. Group Polyplastic

Revenue: RUB 29 billion. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Omsk

President: Miron Gorilovsky

Number of personnel: 5095

Petrochemistry

197. UMMC Trans

Revenue: RUB 29 billion. (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

General Director: Vladimir Tarasenko

Number of staff: 68

Transport

198. Sibuglemet

Revenue: 28.2 billion rubles. (RAS)

Increasingly in strategic plans In the development of our country, the government focuses on the need to move away from the status of a “raw materials power.” At the same time, the main emphasis is on developing its own processing of raw materials and establishing production, and large industrial centers are attracting increasingly close attention.

We offer Top 10 largest industrial centers in Russia, compiled according to data from the Institute of Territorial Planning "Urbanica".

10. Novokuznetsk

Volume industrial production 264 billion rubles.

The city has ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy and coal industry enterprises. Among the owners of leading industrial facilities are Evraz Group, UMMC, Sibuglemet, Rusal.

9. Chelyabinsk

277.3 billion rubles.

The city is a recognized leader in Russia in the field of ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering and the food industry at a high level. In Chelyabinsk there are enterprises of Mechel OJSC, the Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant, Cheboksary Electromechanical Plant, Coca-Cola, and the Russian Technologies State Corporation groups.

8. Norilsk

312 billion rubles.

The life of this polar city is built around the activities of the leader in the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, MMC Norilsk Nickel.

7. Ufa

313.6 billion rubles.

The city received the status of a major industrial center thanks to the development of oil and gas processing, mechanical engineering, food and pharmaceutical industries. The owners of the leading enterprises are JSOC Bashneft, State Corporation Russian Technologies, Wimm-Bill-Dann, Pharmstandard.

6. Perm

331.3 billion rubles.

The city can boast of significant successes in the field of oil and gas refining, mechanical engineering, food and chemical industries. The owners of leading industrial facilities are OJSC Lukoil, State Corporation Russian Technologies and Roscosmos, Nestle, Henkel and others.

5. Omsk

348.4 billion rubles.

The city has large enterprises operating in such industries as oil and gas refining, chemical and food industries, and mechanical engineering. The main industrial facilities are owned by OJSC Gazprom Neft, Unilever, Wimm-Bill-Dann, State Corporation Russian Technologies and Roscosmos.

4. Nizhnevartovsk

481.6 billion rubles.

This is one of the leading Russian centers for oil and gas production and processing. The city has industrial facilities of TNK-BP, Gazprom Neft, Russneft, Slavneft, and SIBUR.

3. Surgut

800.3 billion rubles.

A leader in the field of oil and gas production and processing, the city also has large enterprises operating in the electric power industry, Food Industry and R&D. The main industrial facilities are owned by Surgutneftegaz OJSC, OGK-2, OGK-4, SIBUR.

2. St. Petersburg

1282.7 billion rubles.

The northern capital has industrial facilities in the food and chemical industries, mechanical engineering, ferrous metallurgy, construction materials production, and R&D. The city has production facilities of Philip Morris International Inc., JTI, BAT, Kraft Foods, Procter&Gamble, United shipbuilding corporation, Russian Technologies, Toyota, Nissan, GM, HP, Rosatom State Corporation, Intel and many others.

1. Moscow

1895.2 billion rubles.

The capital's largest enterprises operate in such industries as mechanical engineering, food and pharmaceutical industries, oil and gas refining, and R&D. The main industrial facilities are owned by Roscosmos, Rosatom, Russian Technologies, Sukhoi Design Bureau, Renault, United Technologies, Volvo, Wimm-Bill-Dann, United Confectioners, Kraft Foods, Coca-Cola, RusHydro, GlaxoSmithKline.

Fuel resources provide energy not only for the entire industry of any country in the world, but also for almost all spheres of human life. The most important part of Russia is the oil and gas sector.

The oil and gas industry is a generalized name for a complex of industrial enterprises for the production, transportation, processing and distribution of final products of oil and gas processing. This is one of the most powerful industries Russian Federation, which largely forms the budget and balance of payments of the country, ensuring foreign exchange earnings and maintaining the exchange rate of the national currency.

History of development

The beginning of the formation of the oil field into the industrial sector is considered to be 1859, when mechanical well drilling was first used in the United States. Now almost all oil is produced through wells with only differences in production efficiency. In Russia, oil extraction from drilled wells began in 1864 in Kuban. The production debit at that time was 190 tons per day. In order to increase profits, much attention was paid to the mechanization of extraction, and already at the beginning of the 20th century, Russia took a leading place in oil production.

The first main areas for oil extraction in Soviet Russia were the North Caucasus (Maykop, Grozny) and Baku (Azerbaijan). These depleting older deposits did not meet the needs of the developing industry, and significant efforts were made to discover new deposits. As a result, several fields were put into operation in Central Asia, Bashkiria, Perm and Kuibyshev regions, and the so-called Volga-Ural base was created.

The volume of oil produced reached 31 million tons. In the 60s, the amount of black gold mined increased to 148 million tons, of which 71% came from the Volga-Ural region. In the 70s, fields in the West Siberian basin were discovered and put into operation. With oil exploration, large quantities of gas deposits were discovered.

The importance of the oil and gas industry for the Russian economy

The oil and gas industry has a significant impact on the Russian economy. Currently, it is the basis for budget formation and ensuring the functioning of many other sectors of the economy. The value of the national currency largely depends on world oil prices. Carbon energy resources extracted in the Russian Federation make it possible to fully satisfy domestic demand for fuel, ensure the country's energy security, and also make a significant contribution to the global energy resource economy.

The Russian Federation has enormous hydrocarbon potential. The Russian oil and gas industry is one of the leading in the world, fully meeting domestic current and future needs for oil and their processed products. A significant amount of hydrocarbon resources and their products are exported, ensuring the replenishment of foreign exchange reserves. Russia ranks second in the world in terms of liquid hydrocarbon reserves with a share of about 10%. Oil reserves have been explored and developed in the depths of 35 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Oil and gas industry: structure

There are several structural basic processes that make up oil and gas industry: oil and gas production, transportation and refining industries.

• Hydrocarbon production is a complex process that includes exploration of deposits, drilling of wells, direct production and primary purification from water, sulfur and other impurities. The production and pumping of oil and gas to the commercial metering station is carried out by enterprises or structural units, the infrastructure of which includes booster and cluster pumping stations, water discharge installations and oil pipelines.
• Transportation of oil and gas from production sites to metering stations, to processing plants and the final consumer is carried out using pipeline, water, road and railway transport. and main lines) are the most economical way to transport hydrocarbons, despite very expensive structures and maintenance. Oil and gas are transported by pipeline transport over long distances, including across different continents. Transportation by waterways using tankers and barges with a displacement of up to 320 thousand tons is carried out in intercity and international communications. Rail and truck transport can also be used to transport crude oil over long distances, but is most cost effective on relatively short routes.
• Processing of raw hydrocarbon energy carriers is carried out in order to obtain various types petroleum products. First of all, these are different types of fuel and raw materials for subsequent chemical processing. The process is carried out at oil refineries of refineries. Final products processing, depending on the chemical composition, is divided into different brands. The final stage of production is the mixing of the various components obtained in order to obtain the required composition corresponding to a specific

Deposits of the Russian Federation

The Russian oil and gas industry includes 2,352 developing oil fields. The largest oil and gas region in Russia is Western Siberia, which accounts for 60% of all black gold produced. A significant part of oil and gas is produced in the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. Volume of product production in other regions of the Russian Federation:

• Volga-Ural base - 22%.
• Eastern Siberia - 12%.
• Northern deposits - 5%.
• Caucasus - 1%.

Share of Western Siberia in production natural gas reaches almost 90%. The largest deposits (about 10 trillion cubic meters) are located in the Urengoyskoye field in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Volume of gas production in other regions of the Russian Federation:

• Far East - 4,3%.
• Volga-Ural deposits - 3.5%.
• Yakutia and Eastern Siberia - 2.8%.
• Caucasus - 2.1%.

and gas

The goal of refining is to turn crude oil and gas into marketable products. Petroleum products include heating oil, gasoline for Vehicle, fuel for jet engines, diesel fuel. The petroleum refining process includes distillation, vacuum distillation, catalytic reforming, cracking, alkylation, isomerization and hydrotreating.

Natural gas processing includes compression, amine treatment, and glycol dehydration. The fractionation process involves dividing a liquefied natural gas stream into its component parts: ethane, propane, butane, isobutane and natural gas gasoline.

The largest companies in Russia

Initially all the largest oil and gas fields were developed exclusively by the state. Today, these facilities are available for use by private companies. In total, the Russian oil and gas industry includes more than 15 large production enterprises, including the well-known Gazprom, Rosneft, Lukoil, and Surgutneftegaz.

The oil and gas industry in the world allows us to solve important economic, political and social problems. Given favorable conditions on world energy markets, many oil and gas suppliers are making significant investments in the national economy using export revenues and demonstrating exceptional growth dynamics. The most obvious examples are the countries of South-West Asia, as well as Norway, which, with low industrial development, thanks to hydrocarbon reserves, has become one of the most prosperous countries in Europe.

Development prospects

The oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation largely depends on the market behavior of its main production competitors: Saudi Arabia and the United States. The total amount of hydrocarbons produced does not in itself determine world prices. The dominant indicator is the percentage of production in a particular oil country. The cost of production in different leading countries in production varies significantly: the lowest in the Middle East, the highest in the United States. When the volume of oil production is unbalanced, prices can change in one direction or the other.

Industry is an important component of the country's economic complex. Its leading role is determined by the fact that it supplies new materials and tools to all sectors of the economy. It stands out among other industries due to its regional and complex-forming functions.

Briefly about Russian industry

Today, the number of enterprises in Russia is approaching 460 thousand, they provide jobs for almost 15 million people, and the volume of their products has exceeded 21 billion rubles. The industry of our country is characterized by a complex, diversified and diversified structure, reflecting changes in the improvement of productive forces and in the development of the territorial division of labor. It is directly related to scientific and technological progress.

Classification

Modern industrial enterprises Russia is characterized by a fairly high level of specialization. As a result of the deepening division of labor, various industries, sub-sectors and types of production arose. Together they form an industry structure. In the current current classification, eleven complex industries are identified, such as electric power, fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, metalworking and mechanical engineering, petrochemical and chemical, pulp and paper, forestry, woodworking, food, light industry. This division is determined by many economic and social factors, the main of which are: technical progress, level of development, social and historical conditions, natural resources, production skills of the local population.

Industry is usually divided into: Extractive. This includes industries related not only to the extraction of minerals, but also to their enrichment. In addition, it includes fishing for sea animals, fish and seafood. Processing. This includes Russian industrial enterprises engaged in processing products from the mining industry. In addition, it also includes the processing of forest and agricultural raw materials. This industry forms the basis of the entire heavy industry of the country.

The most large enterprises Russia.

Gazprom"

Let's look at the seven leaders in the ranking of the largest companies in our country. When compiling this list, their assets, revenue and profits were taken into account. Mostly the list of giants includes chemical enterprises in Russia, or rather, one of the branches of this industry is oil production. But first things first.

So, the undisputed leader is OJSC Gazprom. This gas company Russia was founded in 1989. She works in the gas production and gas distribution industry. Gazprom ranks fifteenth in the world in terms of its assets, and in terms of revenue it ranks 24th in the ranking of world companies. The gas transportation system of the enterprise is 160 thousand kilometers and is the longest on our planet. 51 percent of the company's shares are owned by the state. Gazprom's market value exceeds $156 billion, its turnover is $150 billion, and its assets amount to more than $303 billion. This enterprise provides jobs for more than four hundred thousand people.

OJSC Lukoil

Considering large enterprises in Russia, one cannot fail to mention this company. She takes second place in our ranking. This enterprise was organized in 1991. The main activity of the OJSC is exploration, production, processing and sale of oil and natural gas. Until 2007 it was the most big company In terms of black gold production, it ranks second in terms of revenue after Gazprom. At the beginning of 2011, Lukoil was considered the third company in the global ranking of private enterprises in terms of hydrocarbon reserves, and the first in the world in terms of oil reserves. Thus, its market value is more than $55 billion; assets – $90.6 billion; turnover – 105 billion dollars; annual revenue – $111.4 billion; profit – $10.4 billion. This enterprise provides jobs for more than one hundred and fifty thousand people.

OJSC Rosneft

This company was also included in the list of Russian enterprises whose assets can compete with global giants. The OJSC was created in 1993. Its main activity is exploration operations, oil and gas production, as well as the production of petroleum products and petrochemicals. Interesting fact is that the company has surpassed its competitor Lukoil in terms of oil production since 2007 thanks to the purchase of Yukos assets. The cost of this enterprise is about 80 billion dollars; turnover – 63 billion dollars; revenue – about 60 billion dollars; assets – $106 billion; profit reaches $11.3 billion. The Rosneft company provides jobs for about 170 thousand people.

OJSC "Sberbank of Russia"

This organization confirms that large state enterprises Russians work not only in the extractive industries; fourth place in our ranking is occupied by a financial company. OJSC is a universal banking structure, as it provides a fairly wide range of services. Thus, according to 2009 data, its share in the Russian deposit market was more than 50 percent, and the loan portfolio amounted to more than thirty percent of the loans that were issued throughout the country. The market value of Sberbank is about $75 billion; share of assets – $282.4 billion; profit – $31.8 billion. The company provides jobs to more than 240 thousand people.

OJSC TNK-BP Holding

This enterprise was organized relatively recently - in 2003. Its specialization is oil production and refining. The basis for its creation was the parity of TNK and British BP. The market value of the holding is $51.6 billion; revenue – $60.2 billion; profits reach $9 billion. The enterprise provides jobs for more than 50 thousand people.

OJSC "Surgutneftegas"

Large enterprises in Russia have been replenished with another “oil pump”; it took sixth place in our ranking. The OJSC was founded in 1990 and is one of the largest oil and gas producing companies in the country. The company is registered in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, in the city of Surgut, where its headquarters is located. The estimated cost is about $40 billion; assets – $46.6 billion; revenue – $20.3 billion; profit - $4.3 billion. Surgutneftegas provides jobs for more than 110 thousand people.

OJSC "VTB Bank"

Our list ends with another financial organization. Its activities began in 1990; before that, the company was called Vneshtorgbank. This commercial organization was able to get around in size authorized capital Sberbank of Russia, and in terms of assets it took a strong second place. The head office of the company is located in Moscow, but the place of registration is the cultural capital of Russia - St. Petersburg. The company's market value, according to preliminary estimates, is $26.4 billion; equity– $19.7 billion; assets – $139.3 billion; revenue - $12.6 billion. The enterprise provides jobs for almost 70 thousand people. As you can see, only oil and gas producing companies and financial institutions. However, large Russian enterprises are not limited only to the mining sector, even if they do not have so many assets and such cosmic profits, they also have something to brag about. For example, some of them even got into the Guinness Book of Records. However, more on this later.

Manufacturing enterprises in Russia.

"Izhora plant"

Although this company cannot compete with the leaders of our rating, it is known and respected all over the world. This plant is one of the largest on the planet, capable of producing almost any part. Moreover, some of them are not produced anywhere else. The company belongs to the heavy engineering sub-sector. It is located in Kolpino (St. Petersburg). The product range of this plant includes powerful excavators, rolling and power equipment, leaf and long products and much more. The enterprise in Kolpino is the only manufacturer of housings for nuclear reactors.

"Uralvagonzavod"

Russian defense enterprises include more than 1,200 factories of various profiles. Many of them are widely known, and their products often have no analogues in the world. However, in this article we consider enterprises from the perspective of their size, in this regard we should focus on Uralvagonzavod. Thanks to its size, it was included in the Guinness Book of Records and is considered the largest enterprise on the planet, its area is 827 thousand square meters. Located in Sverdlovsk region, in the city of Nizhny Tagil. In fact, it is a research and production corporation that is engaged in both the development and production of new models of military equipment, road construction machines, and railway cars. The corporation includes manufacturing enterprises, design bureau and research institutes. The state owns the entire stake in this enterprise.

Finally

Despite the almost continuous global economic crises Russia continues to be an industrial world power. Quite recently (on a historical scale) our country has sharply changed its course of development, and today no one will blame Russians for the lack of desire to work and build their future in the conditions of capitalist realities. Let skeptics say that the share of industrial production in Russia is inexorably declining and only extractive industries remain in demand, that almost all raw materials are exported. Of course, there is some truth in these words, but it should be understood that, as in wildlife, it's survival of the fittest here. Over the past years building complex and industrial enterprises in Russia are rapidly developing towards major re-equipment and re-equipment of factories to operate according to new standards and technologies. Now the focus is on economically feasible production volumes with a minimum number of workers. This is achieved thanks to high-tech equipment and the growing share of automation in the production process. This trend has led to a significant increase in the number of factories over the past ten years. As a result, for the convenience of navigating this mass of companies, a directory has been developed, from which you can find out how many enterprises there are in Russia, their contact details, what they produce and a lot of other information that will be useful to both entrepreneurs and ordinary people. This idea was implemented within the framework of the “All Industry of Russia” project.

The world's oil industry is one of the most important components of the world economy and has a significant impact on the development of other industries. Russia occupies one of the leading positions in the oil industry, as it possesses a sixth of the world's oil reserves.

Characteristics of the state economy

The most promising areas of oil production in the Russian Federation are the European North and the Far East. Oil in these areas is produced by pumping and fountain methods.

At the moment, the importance of the oil industry in the fuel and energy complex is paramount. There are several main oil regions of the country.

West Siberian region. It produces more than sixty percent of all oil in the country. These fields are distinguished by the fact that the oil is shallow, the concentration of reserves is quite high, the conditions for drilling are optimal, and in addition, the resulting oil is of high quality.

Ural region. Large reserves and concentrations of production are located in Bashkortostan.

North Caucasus. The main deposits are Grozny and Dagestan, in addition, there are those located in the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories.

Northern region. Up to a hundred oil deposits have been discovered here, where it lies shallow and there are conditions for drilling. The largest deposit Timan-Pechorskoe is considered.

Far Eastern region. Sakhalin and the seas surrounding it are considered the most promising.

An important element of the characteristics of the state's oil industry is its. The main enterprises are located in the Central, Povolozhsky, Ural, East Siberian, Far Eastern and West Siberian energy regions.

Mainly 16 Russian cities are involved in oil production, including:

• Moscow;
• Yaroslavl;
• Permian;
• Komsomolsk-on-Amur;
• Khabarovsk;
• Volgograd;
• Saratov;
• Nizhny Novgorod.

World industry

The oil industry of the world is a leading sector of the world economy and the fuel and energy industry, in particular, which influences the trends of this economy and even the political relations of countries.

The oil and gas industry is characterized by large capital investments; the number of oil wells in the world that are currently being exploited to extract the resource reaches one million.

Industrial mining began in the nineteenth century in the USA, Russia and Romania. A hundred years later, oil refineries were already operating in twenty countries, and after another forty years - in forty countries. The leading roles in production in the twentieth century remained with Iran, the USA, Soviet Union and Venezuela.

Oil industry

World oil production

With the increase in production and as it developed, the volume of global production gradually increased. Half a century ago, oil was relatively inexpensive, but after the onset of the energy crisis, the price of oil rose sharply.

This fact also affected the resource extraction areas, since production in hard-to-reach deposits in extreme conditions became unprofitable.

Only in the nineties of the last century oil industry entered a phase of stable development. The main regulator of the cost of produced oil remained OPEC, an international government organization formed by oil-producing countries to control oil production quotas.

Economic aspect

In 1998, the price of oil dropped to eighty dollars per ton, which is catastrophically cheap. This drop in value led to a significant reduction in the income of countries exporting oil.

To return these incomes to their previous levels, OPEC countries began to gradually reduce oil production volumes. The result of this was a gradual rise in oil prices, up to three hundred dollars per ton.

Such a jump hit the economic condition of the main countries importing oil, including Britain, the USA, and Germany. This so-called artificial oil consumption crisis led to the fact that these countries were forced to use part of their untouchable resources.

World production distribution

The most important characteristic of the global oil industry is the geography of resource production within certain regions. At the end of the twentieth century, they talked about two groups of oil-producing countries - socialist and capitalist, since regulation of production and its sales was carried out almost entirely by the formed OPEC.

Now OPEC controls more than forty percent of world oil production, the share of world resource production in developing countries reaches 66%, in Western countries - 19%.

The main oil-producing countries in the world in the current decade remain:

• Saudi Arabia;
• Russia;
• China;
• Iran;
• Mexico;
• Canada;
• Venezuela;
• Norway;
• Kuwait;
• Libya;
• Nigeria.

Placement factors

Factors for the location of the oil industry are a set of conditions that ensure the most rational and expedient choice of location for an industrial and economic facility or their groups.

A large number of factors that the oil and gas industry is subject to in locating its facilities are classified according to their origin.

Natural factors. These mean a comprehensive economic assessment natural conditions– geological, seismic – and volumes of resources for further development industry and area in which the deposit is proposed.

Economic forces. An economic factor is considered to be a factor that takes into account the remoteness and feasibility of transporting extracted resources for their processing, as well as the rational use of natural resources and environmental protection.

Demographic factors. By these we mean systems for the resettlement of workers, provision of infrastructure appropriate for working conditions, security of this region sufficient amount of labor resources.

This also includes the state of infrastructure, economic and economic-geographical factors. The oil industry tends to rely on sources of raw materials that are not always located near developed infrastructure.

Resource conditions

When locating the capacities of the oil refining and fuel industry, they also take into account economic condition resources. This means:

• mining and geological conditions of production;
• thickness and density of the formation;
• depth of its occurrence, volumes of reserves, quality.

To assess quality, the composition of gas or oil is analyzed and the energy value is assessed.

Fuel and energy complexes have great area-forming potential and create conditions for the creation of fuel-intensive industries. The environmental strategy in such complexes should be aimed at reducing the negative impact on the environment.

Industry composition

Industry composition is a classification system in which the class of connections between production facilities within one industry is calculated; there can be more than 10 connections, especially if we're talking about about the intersectoral complex.

Communication within the industry composition can be:

• Horizontal - if the industries between which the relationship is calculated are in the same category.
• Vertical – if there is a hierarchy of industries in ascending order.

In the case of the oil industry, the industrial composition plan consists of horizontal links:

• Resource extraction;
• Transportation of the resource;
• Primary processing;
• Recycling.

An example of vertical industry composition is petrochemical industry and the oil industry as its component.

Importance in the world economy

Oil and gas production is an industry that requires large capital investments, but, on the other hand, it significantly replenishes the country’s budget, supplying oil to less industrialized regions. Fluctuations in the price of oil significantly affect the ratio of the values ​​of currencies and shares of industrial giants.

The economic and political picture of the world and the spheres of influence in sectors of the world economy depend on it. It is subject to such industries as transport, petrochemical, organic, pharmaceutical, and trade, since without fuel and products for fine organic synthesis, the development of these industries is impossible.

Video: Oil 2017